Calcium acetylide

Additional toxicological data

Administrative data

Endpoint:

additional toxicological information

Type of information:

other: Review

Adequacy of study:

weight of evidence

Reliability:

4 (not assignable)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Secondary literature: review

Data source

Reference

Reference 1

Reference Type:

review article or handbook

Title:

DRI Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Vitamin D and Fluoride

Author:

IOM (Institute of Medicine).

Year:

1997

Bibliographic source:

Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.

Reference 2

Reference Type:

review article or handbook

Title:

DRI Dietary Reference Intakes Calcium Vitamin D

Author:

IOM (Institute of Medicine). Ross C, Taylor CL, Yaktine AL, Del Valle HB

Year:

2011

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

no guideline followed

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Not applicable. This is a a review performed by the Istitute of Medicine. The safety of calcium was assessed in order to identify Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs), Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs), as well as a Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL-the highest average daily intake that is liekely to pose no risk on human health). This study record presents information from two published reviews of IOM, the initial assessment in 1997 and the re evaluation of the UL based on recent data published in 2011.

GLP compliance:

no

Remarks:

not applicable for reviews

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Calcium

EC Number:

231-179-5

EC Name:

Calcium

Cas Number:

7440-70-2

Molecular formula:

Ca

IUPAC Name:

calcium

Details on test material:

Not relevant

Results and discussion

Any other information on results incl. tables

TABLE S-1Calcium Dietary Reference Intakes by Life Stage (amount/day) (Table taken as such from the review paper, IOM 2011)

Life Stage Group	AI	EAR	RDA	UL
Infants
0 to 6 mo	200 mg	—	—	1,000 mg
6 to 12 mo	260 mg	—	—	1,500 mg
Children
1–3 y	—	500 mg	700 mg	2,500 mg
4–8 y	—	800 mg	1,000 mg	2,500 mg
Males
9–13 y	—	1,100 mg	1,300 mg	3,000 mg
14–18 y	—	1,100 mg	1,300 mg	3,000 mg
19–30 y	—	800 mg	1,000 mg	2,500 mg
31–50 y	—	800 mg	1,000 mg	2,500 mg
51–70 y	—	800 mg	1,000 mg	2,000 mg
> 70 y	—	1,000 mg	1,200 mg	2,000 mg
Females
9–13 y	—	1,100 mg	1,300 mg	3,000 mg
14–18 y	—	1,100 mg	1,300 mg	3,000 mg
19–30 y	—	800 mg	1,000 mg	2,500 mg
31–50 y	—	800 mg	1,000 mg	2,500 mg
51–70 y	—	1,000 mg	1,200 mg	2,000 mg
> 70 y	—	1,000 mg	1,200 mg	2,000 mg
Pregnancy
14–18 y	—	1,100 mg	1,300 mg	3,000 mg
19–30 y	—	800 mg	1,000 mg	2,500 mg
31–50 y	—	800 mg	1,000 mg	2,500 mg
Lactation
14–18 y	—	1,100 mg	1,300 mg	3,000 mg
19–30 y	—	800 mg	1,000 mg	2,500 mg
31–50 y	—	800 mg	1,000 mg	2,500 mg

NOTE: AI = Adequate Intake; EAR = Estimated Average Requirement; IU = International Units; RDA = Recommended Dietary Allowance; UL = Tolerable Upper Intake Level.

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Conclusions:

In its most recent evaluation (2011) IOM proposes a safe exposure level of 2500 mg calcium/day, as established before, for children between 1 to 8 , and adults between 19 to 51 years old, including pregnant and lactating women. Based on most recent data, ULs for infants (0-6 mo:1000 mg/day, 6-12 mo: 1500 mg/day) and adults older than 51 years (2000 mg/day), needed further refinement. A UL for children and adolescents (9-18 years) was adapted (3000 mg/day) based on additional considerations.

Executive summary:

The review of IOM (1997) was written as part of an overall attempt for the development of a comprehensive set of reference values for nutrients, including calcium, in the US and Canada. The results were re assessed by IOM in 2011, including more recent data.

In its most recent evaluation (2011) IOM proposes a safe exposure level of 2500 mg calcium/day, as established before in 1997, for children between 1 to 8 , and adults between 19 to 51 years old, including pregnant and lactating women. Based on most recent data, ULs for infants (0-6 mo:1000 mg/day, 6-12 mo: 1500 mg/day) and adults older than 51 years (2000 mg/day), needed further refinement. A UL for children and adolescents (9-18 years) was adapted (3000 mg/day) based on additional considerations.