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EC number: 201-178-4 | CAS number: 79-11-8
Toxicological information
Basic toxicokinetics
Currently viewing:
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- basic toxicokinetics in vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Tissue distribution of monochloroacetic acid and its binding to albumin in rats
- Author:
- Bhupendra et al
- Year:
- 1 992
- Bibliographic source:
- Toxicol. Ind. Health 8(1/2), 53-61
Materials and methods
- Objective of study:
- distribution
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Distribution of monochloroacetic acid after a single oral gavage dose in rats. Animals were sacrificed after 4,8,12,24 and 48 hours.
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Chloroacetic acid
- EC Number:
- 201-178-4
- EC Name:
- Chloroacetic acid
- Cas Number:
- 79-11-8
- Molecular formula:
- C2H3ClO2
- IUPAC Name:
- chloroacetic acid
- Details on test material:
- monochloroacetic acit (99+%, gold label) from aldrich chemical co, milwaukee, WI
1-14C-labeled monochloroacetic acid >98% pure; specific activity 2.4 mCi/mmol) from sigma chemical co, st louis, MO
Constituent 1
- Radiolabelling:
- yes
- Remarks:
- 1-14C-Monochloroacetic acid
Test animals
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- Sprague-Dawley
- Sex:
- male
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Harlan
- Age at study initiation:
- Weight at study initiation:
- Fasting period before study:
- Housing:
- Individual metabolism cages: yes/no
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum):
- Water (e.g. ad libitum):
- Acclimation period:
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C):
- Humidity (%):
- Air changes (per hr):
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light):
IN-LIFE DATES: From: To:
TEST ANIMALS
- Source:Harlan
- Weight at study initiation: 175 g
- Individual metabolism cages: yes
- Diet: ad libitum
- Water: ad libitum
- Acclimation period: 1 week
Administration / exposure
- Route of administration:
- oral: gavage
- Vehicle:
- not specified
- Details on exposure:
- not specified
- Duration and frequency of treatment / exposure:
- Two groups: single oral dose
One group, daily oral dose for 3 days
Doses / concentrations
- Remarks:
- Doses / Concentrations:
0.1 mmole/kg bodyweigt 1-14C-MCAA
1 mmole/kg bodyweigt 1-14C-MCAA
- No. of animals per sex per dose / concentration:
- 3 per time point
- Control animals:
- no
- Details on study design:
- - Dose selection rationale:
Determine distribution of MCA after a single oral dose. A higher dose was applied to determine dose dependency. Dosing for 3 consecutive days was to investigate bioaccumulation - Details on dosing and sampling:
- PHARMACOKINETIC STUDY (Absorption, distribution, excretion)
- Tissues and body fluids sampled: urine, faeces, blood, plasma, kidney, liver, intestine, lung, spleen, heart, brain and testes
- Time and frequency of sampling: 4, 8, 12, 24, 48 after dosing
METABOLITE CHARACTERISATION STUDIES
- Tissues and body fluids sampled: urine, faeces, blood, plasma, Kidney, Liver, Intestine, Lung, Spleen, Heart, Brain and Testes
- Time and frequency of sampling:4, 8, 12, 24, 48 after dosing
- From how many animals: 3 per time point, not pooled
- Method type(s) for identification: Liquid scintillation counting
- Limits of detection and quantification: not specified - Statistics:
- two tailed student's t-test
Results and discussion
Toxicokinetic / pharmacokinetic studies
- Details on absorption:
- Absorbance was fast. Highest levels in intestine and kidney at 4 and 8 hours after dosing, followed by lower levels in liver, spleen, testes, lung, brain and heart in decreasing order.
- Details on distribution in tissues:
- See table 1 & 2
Comparable distribution patterns with the higher dose: significant increase of radiolabel present (1.4 to 3.8 times higher) in different tissues, except for liver and spleen.
- Details on excretion:
- Elimination phase appears to be faster for intestine and kidney compared to other tissues. Urinary excretion of MCAA and/or metabolites was 90% of the dose after 24 hours.
Metabolite characterisation studies
- Metabolites identified:
- yes
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Dose dependent accumulation of MCA. Urinary excretion of MCAA and/or metabolites was 90% of the dose after 24 hours.
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