1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione, compound with 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine (1:1)

Endpoint summary

Description of key information

Melamine cyanurate was tested for skin and eye irritation in OECD guideline und GLP compiant studies in rabbits and was found to be not irritating to skin and to eyes. 

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Skin irritation / corrosion

Link to relevant study records

Reference

Endpoint:

skin irritation: in vivo

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Guideline study (GLP, QUA)

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 404 (Acute Dermal Irritation / Corrosion)

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method B.4 (Acute Toxicity: Dermal Irritation / Corrosion)

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: US FDA Title 21 Code of Federal Regulations Part 58; US EPA (FIFRA), Title 40 Code of Federal Regulations Part 160; US EPA (TSCA), Title 40 Code of Federal Regulations Part 792;

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: Japanese Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, 59 NohSan, Notifications No.3850; Japanese Ministry of International Trade and Industry, Kanpogyo No.39 Environmental Agency, Kikyoku No.85; Japanese Ministry of Health and Welfare, Ordinance No.21

GLP compliance:

yes

Specific details on test material used for the study:

- Name of test material (as cited in study report): FR-6120
- Physical state: white powder
- Analytical purity: ca. 99.5%
- Impurities (identity and concentrations): water (0.27%), Melamine (0.19%) and cyanuric acid (0.012%) (weight%)
- Purity test date: 04 May 2000
- Lot/batch No.: 37432-18-3
- Expiration date of the lot/batch: 22 May 2001
- Stability under test conditions: not indicated
- Storage condition of test material: at room temperature in the dark

Species:

rabbit

Strain:

New Zealand White

Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:

TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Albino Rabbit, New Zealand White, (SPF-Quality) from Charles River Deutschland, Kisslegg, Germany.
- Age at study initiation: 6 weeks
- Weight at study initiation: less than 3.5 kg (mean bw: 1.529 kg)
- Housing: Individually housed in labelled cages with perforated floors (Scanbur, Denmark) and equipped with an automatic drinking system (ITL, Bergen, The Netherlands)
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): standard laboratory rabbit diet (Charles River Breeding and Maintenance Diet for Rabbits, Altromin, Germany) approx. 100 g. per day.
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): free access to tap-water.
- Acclimation period: at least 5 days before start of treatment under laboratory conditions

ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
A controlled environment was maintained in the room with optimal conditions
- Temperature (°C): 21°C
- Humidity (%): 50%
- Air changes (per hr): ca. 15
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12 hours artificial fluorescent light and 12 hours dark per day

Type of coverage:

semiocclusive

Preparation of test site:

shaved

Vehicle:

other: the powdery test substance was moistened with water (Milli-U), immediately before application, to ensure close contact with the animal's skin.

Controls:

other: adjacent areas of the untreated skin of each animal served as controls

Amount / concentration applied:

TEST MATERIAL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): 0.5 g

VEHICLE
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): the test substance was moistened with 0.5 ml of the vehicle

Duration of treatment / exposure:

4 hours

Observation period:

up to 72 hours after test substance application

Number of animals:

3 animals of one sex (males)

Details on study design:

TEST SITE
- Area of exposure: ca 24 hours before treatment, the dorsal fur was clipped with electric clippers, exposing an area of approximately 150 square centimeters (10x15 cm2).
- Type of wrap if used: the test compound was applied to the skin of one flank, using a metalline patch" of 2x3 cm. The patch was mounted on Micropore tape, which was wrapped around the abdomen and secured with Coban elastic bandage

REMOVAL OF TEST SUBSTANCE
- Washing (if done): the dressing was removed and the skin cleaned of residual test substance using water
- Time after start of exposure: 4 hours after application

SCORING SYSTEM: the irritation was assessed according to the OECD numerical scoring system. Whenever considered necessary the treated skin areas were re-clipped at least 3 hours before the observations, to facilitate scoring. The results were evaluated according to the EC criteria for classification and labeling requirements for dangerous substances and preparations.

Irritation parameter:

erythema score

Basis:

mean

Remarks:

of all tested animals

Time point:

other: 24-48-72-hour

Score:

0

Max. score:

4

Reversibility:

other: not applicable

Remarks on result:

other: an erythema score of 0 was observed in each animal at all observation time points

Irritation parameter:

edema score

Basis:

mean

Remarks:

of all tested animals

Time point:

other: 24-48-72-hour

Score:

0

Max. score:

4

Reversibility:

other: not applicable

Remarks on result:

other: an edema score of 0 was observed in each animal at all observation time points

Irritant / corrosive response data:

No skin irritation or corrosion was caused by 4 hours exposure to the test substance

Other effects:

- Coloration: no staining of the treated skin by the test substance was observed.
- Toxicity / Mortality: No symptoms of systemic toxicity were observed in the animals during the test period and no mortality occurred.

-

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

no adverse effect observed (not irritating)

Eye irritation

Link to relevant study records

Reference

Endpoint:

eye irritation: in vivo

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Guideline study (GLP, QUA)

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 405 (Acute Eye Irritation / Corrosion)

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method B.5 (Acute Toxicity: Eye Irritation / Corrosion)

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: US FDA Title 21 Code of Federal Regulations Part 58; US EPA (FIFRA), Title 40 Code of Federal Regulations Part 160; US EPA (TSCA), Title 40 Code of Federal Regulations Part 792;

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: Japanese Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, 59 NohSan, Notifications No.3850; Japanese Ministry of International Trade and Industry, Kanpogyo No.39 Environmental Agency, Kikyoku No.85; Japanese Ministry of Health and Welfare, Ordinance No.21

GLP compliance:

yes

Specific details on test material used for the study:

- Name of test material (as cited in study report): FR-6120
- Physical state: white powder
- Analytical purity: ca. 99.5%
- Impurities (identity and concentrations): water (0.27%), Melamine (0.19%) and cyanuric acid (0.012%) (weight%)
- Purity test date: 04 May 2000
- Lot/batch No.: 37432-18-3
- Expiration date of the lot/batch: 22 May 2001
- Stability under test conditions: not indicated
- Storage condition of test material: at room temperature in the dark

Species:

rabbit

Strain:

New Zealand White

Details on test animals or tissues and environmental conditions:

TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Albino Rabbit, New Zealand White, (SPF-Quality) from Charles River Deutschland, Kisslegg, Germany.
- Age at study initiation: 6 weeks
- Weight at study initiation: less than 3.5 kg (mean bw: 1.732 kg)
- Housing: Individually housed in labelled cages with perforated floors (Scanbur, Denmark) and equipped with an automatic drinking system (ITL, Bergen, The Netherlands)
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): standard laboratory rabbit diet (Charles River Breeding and Maintenance Diet for Rabbits, Altromin, Germany) approx. 100 g. per day.
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): free access to tap-water.
- Acclimation period: at least 5 days before start of treatment under laboratory conditions

ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
A controlled environment was maintained in the room with optimal conditions
- Temperature (°C): 21°C
- Humidity (%): 50%
- Air changes (per hr): ca. 15
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12 hours artificial fluorescent light and 12 hours dark per day

Vehicle:

unchanged (no vehicle)

Controls:

other: the other eye remained untreated and served as the reference control

Amount / concentration applied:

TEST MATERIAL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): each animal was treated by instillation of 37.9 ± 0.5 mg of the test substance (a volume of approximately 0.1 ml) in the conjunctival sac of one of the eyes after gently pulling the lower lid away from the eyeball. The lids were then gently held together for about one second to prevent loss of the test substance.

Duration of treatment / exposure:

the test substance was not washed out

Observation period (in vivo):

up to 72 hours; the eyes of each animal were examined approximately 1, 24, 48 and 72 hours after instillation of the test substance. The irritation scores and a description of all other (local) effects were recorded.

Number of animals or in vitro replicates:

3

Details on study design:

REMOVAL OF TEST SUBSTANCE
- Washing (if done): the test substance was not washed out

SCORING SYSTEM: the irritation was assessed according to the OECD numerical scoring system. The results were evaluated according to the EC criteria for classification and labeling requirements for dangerous substances and preparations.

TOOL USED TO ASSESS SCORE: in case standard lighting was considered inadequate for observing minor effects, eye examinations were performed using an ophthalmic examination lamp.
In cases of equivocal results when comparing the treated and untreated eyes, the illustrated guide from the Consumer Product Safety Commission, Washington, D.C. 20207 was used for additional control purposes.

OTHER: immediately after the 24 hour observation, a solution of 2% fluorescein in water (adjusted to pH 7.0) was instilled into both eyes of each animal to quantitatively determine corneal epithelial damage. Any bright green stained area, indicating epithelial damage, was estimated as a percentage of the total corneal area.

Irritation parameter:

cornea opacity score

Remarks:

coneal opacity

Basis:

mean

Remarks:

of all tested animals

Time point:

other: 24-48-72-hour

Score:

0

Max. score:

4

Reversibility:

other: not applicable

Remarks on result:

other: see Table 1

Irritation parameter:

iris score

Basis:

mean

Remarks:

of all tested animals

Time point:

other: 24-48-72-hour

Score:

0

Max. score:

2

Reversibility:

fully reversible within: 24 hours (iridial irritation was observed at the 1-hour observation period)

Remarks on result:

other: see Table 1

Irritation parameter:

conjunctivae score

Remarks:

redness

Basis:

mean

Remarks:

of all tested animals

Time point:

other: 24-48-72-hour

Score:

0.3

Max. score:

3

Reversibility:

fully reversible

Remarks:

48 hours

Remarks on result:

other: see Table 1

Irritation parameter:

chemosis score

Basis:

mean

Remarks:

of all tested animals

Time point:

other: 24-48-72-hour

Score:

0

Max. score:

4

Reversibility:

fully reversible

Remarks:

24 hours (chemosis was observed at the 1-hour observation period)

Remarks on result:

other: see Table 1

Irritant / corrosive response data:

- The instillation of the test substance (a volume of approximately 0.1 ml) into one eye of each of three rabbits resulted in effects on the iris and conjunctivae (see Table 1);
- Iridial irritation (grade 1) was observed in all animals after 1 hour only;
- Irritation of the conjunctivae was seen as redness, chemosis and discharge, which had completely resolved within 48 hours in all animals;
- No corneal opacity was observed, and treatment of the eyes with 2% fluorescein, 24 hours after test substance instillation revealed no corneal epithelial damage in any of the animals.

Other effects:

- Coloration: remnants of the test substance were present in the eyes of all animals on day 1.
- Toxicity / Mortality: no symptoms of systemic toxicity were observed in the animals during the test period and no mortality occurred.

Table 1: Individual eye irritation scores

Animal#	Time after dosing	Cornea			Iris	Conjunctivae
		Opacity	Area	Fluor area (%)		Redness	Chemosis	Discharge	Comments
First animal (#91)	1 hour	0	0		1	2	2	1	b
	24 hours	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	-
	48 hours	0	0		0	0	0	0	-
	72 hours	0	0		0	0	0	0	-
Second animal (#93)	1 hour	0	0		1	2	2	1	b
	24 hours	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	-
	48 hours	0	0		0	0	0	0	-
	72 hours	0	0		0	0	0	0	-
Third animal (#96)	1 hour	0	0		1	2	2	1	b
	24 hours	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	-
	48 hours	0	0		0	0	0	0	-
	72 hours	0	0		0	0	0	0	-
Fluor area (%): green staining (percentage of total corneal area) after fluorescein treatment; b: Remnants of the test substance in the eye.

Interpretation of results:

not irritating

Remarks:

Migrated information Criteria used for interpretation of results: EU

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

no adverse effect observed (not irritating)

Respiratory irritation

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

no study available

Additional information

No indication of skin irritation was observed in rabbits (Bromine Compound Ltd., 2000b). Draize scores for erythema and edema were 0 for all observation time points. As the study followed OECD testing guideline 404 and the principles of GLP, it is valid without restrictions.

In the eye irritation study in rabbits, mild transient redness of conjunctivae with a mean Draize score of 0.3 was observed (Bromine Compound Ltd, 2000c). As the study followed OECD testing guideline 405 and the principles of GLP, it is valid without restrictions.

Justification for selection of skin irritation / corrosion endpoint:
only study available.

Justification for selection of eye irritation endpoint:
only study available.

Justification for classification or non-classification

Classification, Labelling, and Packaging Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008

The available experimental test data are reliable and suitable for classification purposes under Regulation 1272/2008. As a result the substance is not considered to be classified for skin or eye irritation under Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008.