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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 202-423-8 | CAS number: 95-48-7
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to microorganisms
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to microorganisms, other
- Remarks:
- cell multiplication inhibition test
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- test procedure in accordance with national standard methods with acceptable restrictions
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Method: other: Cell multiplication inhibition test
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- a stock solution was prepared; to achive the test concentrations a defined amount of the stock solution was dissolved
- Test organisms (species):
- Pseudomonas putida
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 16 h
- Test temperature:
- 25°C
- Duration:
- 16 h
- Dose descriptor:
- other: TT
- Effect conc.:
- 33 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth inhibition
- Conclusions:
- For Pseudomonas putida a NOEC of 33 mg/l was obtained in a cell multiplication inhibition test during 16 hours of exposure
- Executive summary:
The toxicity of o-cresol to Pseudomonas putida was assessed in a cell multiplication inhibition test according to Bringmann (1976). Bacteria were exposed for 16 hours at a temperature of 25°C to the test substance. A toxicity threshold concentration of 33 mg/l was determined after 16 hours exposure. The result is equivalent to an EC3 or a NOEC. The endpoint biomass is measured by turbidity determination with a photometric detector.
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to microorganisms, other
- Remarks:
- cell multiplication inhibition test
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- test procedure in accordance with generally accepted scientific standards and described in sufficient detail
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- cell multiplication inhibition test
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- a stock solution was prepared; to achive the test concentrations an defined amount of the stock solution was dissolved
- Test organisms (species):
- Entosiphon sulcatum
- Details on inoculum:
- holozoic bacteriovorous flagellate
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 72 h
- Test temperature:
- 25°C
- pH:
- initial pH 6.9
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- other: TT
- Effect conc.:
- 17 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth inhibition
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Conclusions:
- In a cell multiplication inhibition test conducted with Entosiphon sulcatum a 72h-NOEC of 17 mg/l is determined.
- Executive summary:
According to Bringmann (1978), the protozoa Entosiphon sulcatum was exposed to o-cresol for 72 hours using the cell multiplication inhibition test method. A toxicity threshold of 17 mg/l was obtained which is equivalent to a NOEC or an EC3.
- Endpoint:
- activated sludge nitrification inhibition testing
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- test procedure in accordance with generally accepted scientific standards and described in sufficient detail
- Qualifier:
- no guideline available
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- No guideline available at the moment of testing. Inhibition of nitrification process
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Vehicle:
- no
- Test organisms (species):
- activated sludge of a predominantly domestic sewage
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Remarks on exposure duration:
- 2-4 h incubation period
- Test temperature:
- 25 °C
- pH:
- 7.6 - 7.8
- Dissolved oxygen:
- > 1mg/L
- Salinity:
- BOD 250 mg/L
50-80 mg/L ammonia
0.003 mol/L NaHCO3
0.002 mol/L (NH4)2SO4 - Details on test conditions:
- pre-cleaned activated sludge in particle-free communal waste water (BOD5: 250 mg/l; NH4-N/l: 50-80 mg)
- Dose descriptor:
- other: EC75
- Effect conc.:
- 12.8 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- not specified
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- inhibition of nitrification rate
- Remarks on result:
- other: duration 2-4h
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Conclusions:
- Nitrification inhibition by o-cresol was measured by a similar method yielding an EC75 of 12.8 mg/L during a 2 -4 h incubation period.
- Executive summary:
Tomlinson (1966) described the influence of o-cresol on the nitrification process in domestic wastewater. A purified activated sludge was incubated for 2 to 4 hours to the wastewater (BSB5 = 250 mg/l, 50 to 80 mg NH4-N/l) fortified with different concentrations of o-cresol. The effect on the inhibition of the nitrification was determined by photometric analysis of nitrite and nitrate. An EC75-value of 12.8 mg/l is given for the inhibition of the reaction step of ammonia to nitrite.
Referenceopen allclose all
TT = Toxicity threshold; determined at 3 % effect compared to control
TT = Toxicity threshold; determined at 5 % effect compared to control
major scope of study was to develop method
Description of key information
Regarding all available test on toxicity to microorganisms, the most relevant test resulting in the lowest PNEC value is used for assessment.
Nitrification inhibition by o-cresol was measured by a similar method yielding an EC75 of 12.8 mg/L during a 2 -4 h incubation period . In a cell multiplication inhibition test conducted with Entosiphon sulcatum a 72h-NOEC of 17 mg/l is determined. For Pseudomonas putida a NOEC of 33 mg/l was obtained in a cell multiplication inhibition test during 16 hours of exposure. In order to protect the efficiency of sewage treatment plants, inhibition of nitrification is identified to be the most sensitive test system.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- EC50 for microorganisms:
- 12.8 mg/L
Additional information
No standard tests concerning the respiration inhibition on microorganisms in sewage treatment systems are available. However, several tests are available to evaluate the toxicity of o-cresol to microorganisms.
The influence of o-cresol on the nitrification process in domestic wastewater is described in an experiment. A purified activated sludge was incubated for 2 to 4 hours to the wastewater (BSB5 = 250 mg/l, 50 to 80 mg NH4-N/l) fortified with different concentrations of o-cresol. The effect on the inhibition of the nitrification was determined by photometric analysis of nitrite and nitrate. An EC75-value of 12.8 mg/l is given for the inhibition of the reaction step of ammonia to nitrite.
Concerning toxicity towards single species, the toxicity of o-cresol to Pseudomonas putida was assessed in a cell multiplication inhibition test according to Bringmann. Bacteria were exposed for 16 hours at a temperature of 25°C to the test substance. A toxicity threshold concentration of 33 mg/l was determined after 16 hours exposure. The result is equivalent to an EC3 or a NOEC. The endpoint biomass is measured by turbidity determination with a photometric detector.
The protozoa Entosiphon sulcatum was exposed to o-cresol for 72 hours using the cell multiplication inhibition test method. A toxicity threshold of 17 mg/l was obtained which is equivalent to a NOEC or an EC3.
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