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EC number: 210-483-1 | CAS number: 616-45-5
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to fish
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to fish
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: GLP-guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test)
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: Separately for each concentration 0.5, 1.0, 10, 21.5, 46.4 and 100 g test substance were added to 10 L test water. Then, the fish were placed into the test aquaria within 20 minutes. - Test organisms (species):
- Danio rerio (previous name: Brachydanio rerio)
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Zebra fish
- Source: West Aquarium GmbH, Bad Lauterberg, Germany
- Corpulence factor of the test fish batch: 0.94
- Length at study initiation (length definition, mean, range and SD): 3.6 cm (range 3.0 - 4.1 cm)
- Weight at study initiation (mean and range, SD): 0.44 g (range 0.29 - 0.66 g)
- Housing and adaption:
Culture conditions: oil-free aerated and charcoal filtered tap water, flow-through system;
Water temperature: 23 - 25 °C
Duration of housing: about 2 months
Mortality during the last 2 weeks of housing: 0 %
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: 3 days
- Type and amount of food: Tetra Min standard feed, ad libitum.
- Feeding frequency: 1 day before and during exposure. - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 96 h
- Hardness:
- about 2.5 mmol/L (about 250 mg/L CaC03)
- Test temperature:
- 22 - 23 °C
- pH:
- 7.0 - 9.6
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 6.6 - 8.7 mg/L
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal test concentrations: 50, 100, 1000, 2150, 4640 and 10000 mg/L (based on the results of a range-finding test). In addition, a control was tested in parallel.
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: All glass aquaria (30 x 22 x 24 cm)
- Fill volume: 10 L
- Aeration: slight
- No. of organisms per vessel: 10
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 1
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 1
- Biomass loading rate: 0.44 g fish/L test water
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water:
- Municipal water of the city of Frankenthal, not chlorinated and passed through a charcoal filter, aerated.
- Acid capacity : about 5.5 mmol/L,
- Ca content : about 90 mg/L,
- Mg content : about 10 mg/L,
- pH : about 8.0 - 8.6
- Intervals of water quality measurement: pH and oxygen content after 1, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: 16 : 8 hours day-night regime
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
Mortality and symptoms of intoxication after 1, 4, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h - Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 4 640 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 4 600 - 10 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Sublethal observations / clinical signs:
Mortality:
Concentration
No. of dead fish after x h
[mg/L]
1
4
24
48
72
96
Control
0
0
0
0
0
0
50
0
0
0
0
0
0
100
0
0
0
0
0
0
1000
0
0
0
0
0
0
2150
0
0
0
0
0
0
4640 0 0 0 0 0 0 10000 0 0 6 8 10 10 Symptoms:
Concentration
Symptoms after x h
[mg/L]
1
4
24
48
72
96
Control
50
100
1000
2150
4640 10000 A (T) A = apathy T = tumbling
pH:Concentration [mg/L]
1 h
24 h
48 h
72 h
96 h
Control
8.6
8.5
8.4
8.4
8.3
50
8.5
8.4
8.2
8.3
8.2
100
8.4
8.4
8.3
8.3
7.0
1000
8.5
8.4
8.2
8.2
9.8
12150
8.6
8.4
8.2
8.2
8.2
4640 8.6 8.4 8.2 8.2 8.2 10000 8.6 8.4 8.3 8.2 Oxygen (mg/L):
Concentration [mg/L]
1 h
24 h
48 h
72 h
96 h
Control
8.0
8.4
7.9
7.3
7.4
50
7.6
8.4
7.3
7.6
7.1
100
8.2
8.1
8.1
7.8
7.4
1000
8.4
8.4
6.7
6.6
6.7
2150
8.1
8.7
7.3
7.0
7.5
4640 8.4 8.6 7.3 6.8 7.2 10000 8.4 8.7 8.2 7.2
temperature (°C):Concentration [mg/L]
1 h
24 h
48 h
72 h
96 h
Control
22
22
22
22
22
50
22
22
22
22
22
100
22
22
22
22
22
1000
22
22
22
22
22
2150
22
22
22
22
22
4640 22 22 22 22 22 10000 22 22 22 22 22 - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- A NOEC of 4640 mg/L and a LC50 greater than 4600 to 10000 mg/L was determined.
- Executive summary:
The acute toxicity of the test substance 2 -pyrrolidone towards Danio rerio was investigated according to OECD Guideline 203 (BASF AG, 1995). The following nominal test concentrations were investigated: 50, 100, 1000, 2150, 4640 and 10000 mg/L (based on the results of a range-finding test). In addition, a control was tested in parallel. The basis for effects was mortality. A NOEC of 4640 mg/L and a LC50 greater than 4600 to 10000 mg/L were the results of this short-term toxicity study within a time period of 96 hours.
Reference
Description of key information
The key value for chemical safety assessment is taken from the experimental result by BASF AG (1995):
Brachidanio rerio (Zebra fish):
96h LC50: >4600-10000 mg/L
NOEC = 4640 mg/L
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water fish
Fresh water fish
- Effect concentration:
- 4 600 mg/L
Additional information
Two experimental studies are available which investigate the acute toxicity of 2 -pyrrolidone towards fish.
The key study was performed in 1995 by BASF with Brachydanio rerio (Zebra fish) and revealed an LC50 in the range of >4600 -10000 mg/L. Test was performed in accordance with OECD guideline 203, exposure time was 96h.
An additional acute toxicity supporting study is available for Golden orfe (LC50 (48h) >1600 mg/L). However, the test design shows several deficiencies compared to relevant guidelines.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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