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EC number: 200-814-8 | CAS number: 74-84-0
Acute Toxicity: inhalation
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- acute toxicity: inhalation
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment
- Remarks:
- Non GLP, non-guideline, animal experimental study. Limitations in design and reporting but otherwise adequate for assessment
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Hydrocarbon mixture: propane, butane and isobutane
- Author:
- Aviado DM, Zakheri S and Watanabe T
- Year:
- 1 977
- Bibliographic source:
- Non-Fluorinated Propellants and Solvents for Aerosols, pp 75-81
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- no guideline available
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- To determine whether a mixture of 3 hydrocarbons is more toxic than each individual component.
Groups of male mice were exposed to a mixture of isobutane, butane, and propane (80.4%, 2.5%, and 17.1%, respectively) in air for 2 hours. Oxygen was added to prevent death from hypoxia. - GLP compliance:
- no
- Test type:
- other: LC50
- Limit test:
- no
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Isobutane
- EC Number:
- 200-857-2
- EC Name:
- Isobutane
- Cas Number:
- 75-28-5
- Molecular formula:
- C4H10
- IUPAC Name:
- isobutane
- Reference substance name:
- Propane
- EC Number:
- 200-827-9
- EC Name:
- Propane
- Cas Number:
- 74-98-6
- Molecular formula:
- C3H8
- IUPAC Name:
- propane
- Reference substance name:
- Butane
- EC Number:
- 203-448-7
- EC Name:
- Butane
- Cas Number:
- 106-97-8
- Molecular formula:
- C4H10
- IUPAC Name:
- butane
- Test material form:
- gas
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): A-46
- Substance type: A hydrocarbon mixture specifically developed for the purpose of substituting for fluorocarbons
- Physical state: gas
- Composition of test material, named A-46, percentage of components: isobutane (31 psig) 80.4%, butane (17 psig) 2.5% and propane (108 psig) 17.1%
- Mixture A-26 (46 psig at21.1° ) 100%
Constituent 1
Constituent 2
Constituent 3
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): A-46
- Substance type: A hydrocarbon mixture specifically developed for the purpose of substituting for fluorocarbons
- Physical state: gas
- Composition of test material, named A-46, percentage of components: isobutane (31 psig) 80.4%, butane (17 psig) 2.5% and propane (108 psig) 17.1%
- Mixture A-26 (46 psig at 21.1°C) 100%
Test animals
- Species:
- mouse
- Strain:
- CF-1
- Sex:
- male
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Charles River Laboratories, Wilmington, Massachusetts, USA
- no further details
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- no data
IN-LIFE DATES
- no data
Administration / exposure
- Route of administration:
- inhalation: gas
- Type of inhalation exposure:
- whole body
- Vehicle:
- other: no data
- Details on inhalation exposure:
- No methods in the paper itself, the publication refers to an earlier chapter (see other Aviado 1977 reference):
GENERATION OF TEST ATMOSPHERE / CHAMBER DESCRIPTION
- Exposure apparatus: Glass chamber
- Exposure chamber volume: 10 L
- Source and rate of air:The gaseous mixture was flushed into the chamber at a rate of 3 L/min
All gaseous mixtures were balanced by adding oxygen (25% of the volume of A-46). - Analytical verification of test atmosphere concentrations:
- not specified
- Duration of exposure:
- 120 min
- Concentrations:
- 45, 50, 55, 60, 70 and 75 % v/v
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 10 males
- Control animals:
- no
- Details on study design:
- Duration of observation period following administration: none
- Statistics:
- An LC50 and 95% confidence limits were calculated by a probit method
Results and discussion
Effect levelsopen allclose all
- Sex:
- male
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect level:
- 57.42 other: %
- 95% CL:
- >= 53.96 - <= 60.88
- Exp. duration:
- 120 min
- Remarks on result:
- other: mixture material. Regression coefficient 0.9811
- Key result
- Sex:
- male
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect level:
- 539 600 ppm
- Exp. duration:
- 120 min
- Mortality:
- Mortality was 0, 20, 50, 60, 80 and 100% at concentrations of 45, 50, 55, 60, 70 and 75%, respectively.
- Clinical signs:
- other: None reported
- Body weight:
- None reported
- Gross pathology:
- n/a
- Other findings:
- n/a
Any other information on results incl. tables
n/a
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- GHS criteria not met
- Remarks:
- Criteria used for interpretation of results: other: EU (GHS/CLP)
- Conclusions:
- The 2-hour LC50 in mice of a mixture of isobutane, butane, and propane (80.4%, 2.5%, and 17.1%, respectively) was 57.42% (approximately 539,600 ppm).
- Executive summary:
In this study, groups of male mice were exposed to a mixture of isobutane, butane, and propane (80.4%, 2.5%, and 17.1%, respectively) in air for 2 hours to assess the lethality and whether a mixture of 3 hydrocarbons is more toxic than each individual component.
The LC50 of the gas mixture was 57.42% (approximately 539,600 ppm). Mortality was 100% at a concentration of 75%.
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