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EC number: 231-977-3 | CAS number: 7783-06-4
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Genetic toxicity: in vivo
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- in vivo mammalian somatic cell study: cytogenicity / erythrocyte micronucleus
- Remarks:
- Type of genotoxicity: chromosome aberration
- Type of information:
- migrated information: read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: see 'Remark'
- Remarks:
- The study is reliable with restrictions. Deficiencies are low animal number per dose group, purity of the test substance not stated, no PCE/NCE ratio given, and no toxic effects reported. However, due to the well reported test, the test institution with established reputation, and the publication in a peer-reviewed high quality journal the data is rated as reliable. In an aqueous environment H2S and its salts NaHS and Na2S dissolve easily and are immediately hydrolyzed and an pH-dependent equilibrium is established between S2-, HS- and H2S. Therefore Na2S can be used to evaluate the mutagenic potential of H2S.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Mutagenicity of cosmetics ingredients licensed by the European Communities
- Author:
- Gocke E, King MT, Eckhardt K and Wild D
- Year:
- 1 991
- Bibliographic source:
- Mutat. Res., 90, 91-109
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 474 (Mammalian Erythrocyte Micronucleus Test)
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- low animal number per dose group, purity of the test substance not stated, no PCE/NCE ratio given, and no toxic effects reported
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Schmid, W.: The micronucleus test for cytogenic analysis, in: A. Hollaender (Ed.), Chemical Mutagens, Vol. 4, 1976, 31-53.
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Type of assay:
- micronucleus assay
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Disodium sulphide
- EC Number:
- 215-211-5
- EC Name:
- Disodium sulphide
- Cas Number:
- 1313-82-2
- Molecular formula:
- Na2S
- IUPAC Name:
- disodium sulfide
- Reference substance name:
- sodium sulphide
- IUPAC Name:
- sodium sulphide
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): Sodium sulfide
- Substance type: technical product
- Physical state: solid
- Test substance supplier: Merck Co., Darmstadt
No further details are given.
Constituent 1
Constituent 2
Test animals
- Species:
- mouse
- Strain:
- NMRI
- Sex:
- male/female
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Mice were obtained from S. Ivanovas GmbH and Co., KIsslegg/Allgäu (Germany).
- Diet: ad libitum, standard chow
- Water: ad libitum
No further details are given.
Administration / exposure
- Route of administration:
- intraperitoneal
- Vehicle:
- - Vehicle(s)/solvent(s) used: 0.375M phosphate buffer, pH 7.2
- Duration of treatment / exposure:
- Animals treated at 0 and 24 h
- Post exposure period:
- bone-marrow smears prepared at 30 h
Doses / concentrations
- Remarks:
- Doses / Concentrations:
96.1, 48.0 and 24.0 mg/kg
Basis:
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 4 mice (2 male and 2 female animals) were used for each dose.
- Control animals:
- yes, concurrent vehicle
- Positive control(s):
- Pyrogallol, i.p.
Examinations
- Tissues and cell types examined:
- After 30 hours bone marrow smears were prepared.
- Details of tissue and slide preparation:
- Slides were coded and 1000 polychromatic erythrocytes were scored per mouse.
- Statistics:
- Significance was calculated according to the Kastenbaum-Bowman tables.
Results and discussion
Test results
- Sex:
- male/female
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Toxicity:
- yes
- Remarks:
- One animal died in the 24 mg/kg dose-group
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Negative controls validity:
- not examined
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Additional information on results:
- -Positive control increased MN PCE ratio significantly and dose-dependent (low dose 3,8%, mid dose 14.7%, high dose 25.4%)
-No further toxic effects reported
-No PCE/NCE ratio given
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Interpretation of results (migrated information): negative
A micronucleus test was performed with sodium sulphide in female and male NMRI mice. Compared to the negative Control group, the test with sodium sulfide yielded no increased numbers of polychromatic erythrocytes at all three doses. It was thus concluded that sodium sulfide was inactive in the micronucleus test. - Executive summary:
A micronucleus test was performed with sodium sulphide in two female and two male NMRI mice at three doses of 96.1, 48.0 and 24.0 mg/kg administered twice (0 and 24h) in 0.375M phosphate buffer, pH 7.2 according to the procedure given by Schmid (1976, in: A. Hollaender (Ed.), Chemical Mutagens Vol. 4, Plenum, New York). One animal died in the 24 mg/kg dose-group. Compared to the negative Control group, the test with sodium sulfide yielded no increased numbers of polychromatic erythrocytes at all three doses. It was thus concluded that sodium sulfide was inactive in the micronucleus test.
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