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EC number: 210-323-0 | CAS number: 612-83-9
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Basic toxicokinetics
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- basic toxicokinetics
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Study period:
- year of publication: 1998
- Reliability:
- 4 (not assignable)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: secondery sources, data cited from reviews, reliability of original publications not assignable
Data source
Referenceopen allclose all
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Toxicological Profile for 3,3'-Dichlorobenzidine (Update).
- Author:
- Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR)
- Year:
- 1 998
- Bibliographic source:
- U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; Public Health Service.
- Report date:
- 1998
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Gesundheitsschädliche Arbeitsstoffe, Toxikologisch-arbeitsmedizinische Begründungen von MAK-Werten, Loseblattsammlung, 18. Lfg.
- Author:
- Henschler D
- Year:
- 1 992
- Bibliographic source:
- DFG, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, VCH Verlag Weinheim
- Report date:
- 1992
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- 3,3'-Dichlorbenzidin (3,3'-Dichlor-biphenyl-4,4'-diyldiamin), BUA-Stoffbericht 30.
- Author:
- Beratergremium für umweltrelevante Altstoffe (BUA)
- Year:
- 1 989
- Bibliographic source:
- VCH Verlag, Weinheim
- Report date:
- 1989
Materials and methods
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- investigation of toxicokinetics
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- 3,3'-dichlorobenzidine dihydrochloride
- EC Number:
- 210-323-0
- EC Name:
- 3,3'-dichlorobenzidine dihydrochloride
- Cas Number:
- 612-83-9
- Molecular formula:
- C12H10Cl2N2.2ClH
- IUPAC Name:
- 3,3'-dichloro-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4,4'-diamine dihydrochloride
Constituent 1
Results and discussion
Toxicokinetic / pharmacokinetic studies
- Details on absorption:
- No quantitative data were located on the absorption of the test substance after oral exposure in humans. The test substance was detected in the urine of workers who were exposed under conditions which favour inhalation. But it cannot be excluded that absorption occurred also via the dermal and/or oral route.
In animals, the test substance is extensively and rapidly absorbed after oral exposure (about 90% of the administered radioactivity were excreted in feces and urine within 72 hours). No data on absorption in animals following inhalation exposure were located. - Details on distribution in tissues:
- ATSDR reports that 24 hours after single oral exposure to radioactive labelled test substance the highest levels of radioactivity were found in the liver, followed by the kidney, lung, spleen, heart, pancreas and testes. Four hours after intravenous application of radioactive labelled test substance to rats about 77% of the radioactivity were detected in the intestinum, about 4% in the liver and aboujt 3.4% in the urine, but none in the bile. In contrast, four hours after the intravenous application of the radiolabelled test substance to dogs, 79% of the radioacitivity were detected in the bile, 33% in the intestinum, 4.4% in the liver and about 3% in the urine. Investigating the distribution of the test substance in rats after single i.p. application of 100 mg/kg bw , no test substance was detected in the blood, kidney and liver. Two hours after administration the highest radioactive concentration was measured in the intraperitoneal liquid (about 9%), followed by liver and intestinum (3.9% each), peritoneal fat (2.9%), remaining carcass (2.8) and spleen (1.6%).
- Details on excretion:
- After oral administration the test substance is mainly excreted in feces (via bile) and urine. In rats a biphasic elimination has been observed. The half lives in plasma were 6 hours and 14 hours for the rapid and slow phase. Elimination of test substance derived radioactivity from liver, kidneys, and lungs was also biphasically with half-lives of 5.8 and 77 hours for the liver, 7.1 and 139 hours for the kidneys and 3.8 and 43.3 hours for the lungs. A half life time of 86 hours and 68 hours has been reported for dogs and rats, respectively. Conjugated metabolites are mainly excreted via bile and feces and unconjugated metabolites mainly via urine. The test item seems to be subject to enterohepatic recirculation.
Metabolite characterisation studies
- Details on metabolites:
- The test item mainly seems to be metabolised by N-acetylation. In the 24-hour urine of rats unchanged 3,3'-dichlorobenzidine, N-N'-diacetyl-3,3'-dichlorobenzidine, and N-acetyl-3,3'-dichlorobenzidine in a ration of 1:3:10 have been detected after single oral exposure. Additionally, there is indirect evidence for N-oxidation/nitroso-formaton in the rat.
Any other information on results incl. tables
The test substance or its metabolites can probably cross the placenta: After oral exposure of pregnant rats to the test item induction of micronuclei in the liver of the fetuses has been observed. There is no information whether the test item can transfer in breast milk.
From the secondary sources it is often not obvious whether the free base or the dihydrochloride has been applied.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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