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EC number: 200-830-5 | CAS number: 75-00-3
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data

Genetic toxicity: in vivo
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- in vivo mammalian somatic cell study: cytogenicity / erythrocyte micronucleus
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
Cross-reference
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- reference to same study
Data source
Referenceopen allclose all
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 994
- Reference Type:
- secondary source
- Title:
- Chloroethane CAS: 75-00-3
- Author:
- OECD SIDS
- Year:
- 2 006
- Bibliographic source:
- SIDS Initial Assessment Report for SIAM 22
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 474 (Mammalian Erythrocyte Micronucleus Test)
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Type of assay:
- mammalian erythrocyte micronucleus test
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Chloroethane
- EC Number:
- 200-830-5
- EC Name:
- Chloroethane
- Cas Number:
- 75-00-3
- Molecular formula:
- C2H5Cl
- IUPAC Name:
- chloroethane
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): chloroethane
- Physical state: gaseous
- Analytical purity: > 99% (Elf Atochem SA, Paris La Défense, France)
Constituent 1
Test animals
- Species:
- mouse
- Strain:
- B6C3F1
- Sex:
- male/female
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Charles River, Wiga, Germany
- Weight at study initiation: 20-24 g for males and 17-20 g for females
- Assigned to test groups randomly: yes, under following basis: group weights differed from the mean by no more than 5%
- Housing: in groups of no more than three animals of the same sex in stainless steel cages
- Diet: ad libitum Special Services Ltd, RM1.(E).SQC. pellets
- Water: ad libitum tap water
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 15-25
- Humidity (%): 40-50
- Air changes (per hr): 15
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12/12
Administration / exposure
- Route of administration:
- inhalation: gas
- Details on exposure:
- TYPE OF INHALATION EXPOSURE: nose only in a continuous flow system
TEST ATMOSPHERE
- Brief description of analytical method used: samples taken continuously and recorded half-hourly using an infrared spectrophotometer - Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 6 h/day
- Frequency of treatment:
- 3 consecutive days
- Post exposure period:
- no
Doses / concentrationsopen allclose all
- Dose / conc.:
- 25 000 ppm (nominal)
- Remarks:
- corresponding to 65961 mg/m³
- Dose / conc.:
- 25 071 ppm (analytical)
- Remarks:
- corresponding to 66148 mg/m³
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 5
- Control animals:
- yes, sham-exposed
- Positive control(s):
- cyclophosphamide (in distilled water)
- Route of administration: oral
- Doses / concentrations: 80 mg/kg (24 h prior to sacrifice)
Examinations
- Tissues and cell types examined:
- bone marrow cells (erythrocytes) from both femurs
- Details of tissue and slide preparation:
- CRITERIA FOR DOSE SELECTION:
An initial range finding study with 19000 ppm chloroethane was conducted using groups of male and female mice to determine mortality. All animals survived. In the main study, the dose was therefore increased to 25000 ppm which represents approximately 66% of the flammability limit and the highest dose which could be safely administered.
DETAILS OF SLIDE PREPARATION:
Cells were pelletted by centrifugation (1250xg for 2-3 min) and smears prepared on microscope slides. Preparations were stained using a modification of the method of Gollapudi and Kamra (1979). Following fixation for 5 min in methanol, slides were rinsed in water and stained for 10 min in filtered Giemsa stain diluted 1:6 in water. When dry, slides were cleared in xylene and mounted.
METHOD OF ANALYSIS:
For each animal scored, at least 1000 polychromatic (PCE) and normochromatic (NCE) erythrocytes were analyzed to obtain a PCE/NCE ratio. At least 2000 PCE per animal were scored for micronuclei. The PCE/NCE ratio for each sex and the mean per treatment group were calculated as a potential indicator of bone marrow toxicity. The sex and group mean micronucleated PCE/1000 PCE were also calculated. The PCE/NCE ratios and frequencies of micronucleated PCE in vehicle control animals were compared with historical control ranges.
- Statistics:
- For each animal scored, at least 1000 polychromatic (PCE) and normochromatic (NCE) erythrocytes were analyzed to obtain a PCE/NCE ratio. At least 2000 PCE per animal were scored for micronuclei. The PCE/NCE ratio for each sex and the mean per treatment group were calculated as a potential indicator of bone marrow toxicity. The sex and group mean micronucleated PCE/1000 PCE were also calculated. The PCE/NCE ratios and frequencies of micronucleated PCE in vehicle control animals were compared with historical control ranges. For each group, inter individual variation in the numbers of micronucleated PCE was estimated by means of a heterogeneity chi square test. The numbers of micronucleated PCE in each treated group were then compared with the numbers in vehicle control groups using a 2 x 2 contingency table to determine X2. Probability values of p <= 0.05 were accepted as significant. The statistical methods were according to Lovell et al. (1989).
Results and discussion
Test results
- Key result
- Sex:
- male/female
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Toxicity:
- no effects
- Vehicle controls validity:
- not examined
- Negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Additional information on results:
- RESULTS OF RANGE-FINDING STUDY
- Dose range: 19124 ppm (mean of 3 days exposure)
- Clinical signs of toxicity in test animals: no deaths were observed
- Evidence of cytotoxicity in tissue analyzed: no decrease in group mean PCE/NCE ratio (this was 0.99 and 1.31 for control and 1.10 and 1.14 for chloroethane treated male and female B6C3F1 mice, respectively).
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Interpretation of results: negative
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