Benzenamine, 3,3'-[[1,1'-biphenyl]-4,4'-diylbis(oxy)]bis-

Biodegradation in water: screening tests

Administrative data

Endpoint:

biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: The test on ready biodegradability was carried out in accordance with the Japanese guidelines.

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

1997

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: This study was conducted as a "biodegradation study of chemicals due to microorganisms" (Kanpogyo Notification No. 5, Yakuhatsu Notificatin No. 615, and 49 Kikyoku Notification No. 392).

GLP compliance:

yes

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

3-{[4'-(3-aminophenoxy)-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl]oxy}aniline

EC Number:

700-102-1

Cas Number:

105112-76-3

Molecular formula:

C24H20N2O2

IUPAC Name:

3-{[4'-(3-aminophenoxy)-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl]oxy}aniline

Details on test material:

- Name of test material (as cited in study report): 4,4'-bis(4-aminophenoxy)biphenyl
- Molecular weight (if other than submission substance): 368.44
- Physical state: White powder
- Analytical purity: 99.98 %
- Lot/batch No.: 89-42001
- Stability under test conditions: IR absorption spectra determined at the beginning and end of the study were compared. The two spectra obtained were completely identical and no difference was noted, indicating that the test substance remained stable during the study period.
- Storage condition of test material: Protected from light at room temperature

Study design

Oxygen conditions:

not specified

Inoculum or test system:

activated sludge (adaptation not specified)

Details on inoculum:

Active sludge, purchased from the Chemical Evaluation and Research Institute, Japan on 17 April 1997, was incubated before using in the study.

Duration of test (contact time):

28 d

Initial test substance concentration

Initial conc.:

100 mg/L

Based on:

test mat.

Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation

Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:

test mat. analysis

Remarks:

Substance quantitated by HPLC

Details on study design:

The test substance concentration was 100 mg/L. The standard activated sludge concentration was 30 mg/L. Temperature was 25 +/- 1 °C. The study was conducted during a time period of 28 days. The concentration of activated sludge suspension purchased was 3970 mg/L. An amount of 2.27 mL was added to each bottle. Test fluids were prepared using 6 culture bottles with 3 containing test substance and sludge, one aniline, one test substance and water, and one water. Culture bottles were observed everyday except holidays to determine the growth of activated sludge and the presence or absence of coloration. Degradation of aniline was determined 1 and 2 weeks after starting incubation in order to determine the activity of activated sludge.

Reference substance

Reference substance:

aniline

Results and discussion

Preliminary study:

No oxygen consumption associated with the degradation of the test substance was observed throughout the incubation period. This finding indicates that no oxidative microbiological degradation occurred. No microbial growth was noted during the incubation period.
No microbial growth was noted in any of the 3 test substance + sludge groups at the end of the study. pH was almost neutral at the end of the incubation period.

% Degradation

% Degradation 1

Parameter:

% degradation (O2 consumption)

Value:

0

Sampling time:

28 d

% Degradation 2

Parameter:

% degradation (test mat. analysis)

Value:

1.63

St. dev.:

1.39

Sampling time:

28 d

BOD5 / COD results

Results with reference substance:

Aniline showed high percent degradations of 45.9 % and 68.7 %, respectively, in 7 and 14 days, satisfying the criteria for the present study and showing its efficacy.

Any other information on results incl. tables

Table 1: Results of the degradability test with the test substance

Test no.	Test conditions	Injected amount of substance (mg)	TOD (mg)	BOD (mg)			Degradability (%)
				7 days	14 days	28 days	7 days	14 days	28 days
1	Test material + activated sludge, Bottle 1	32.1	83.8	1.0	2.2	3.4	0.0	0.0	0.0
2	Test material + activated sludge, Bottle 2	30.2	78.8	1.0	2.1	3.5	0.0	0.0	0.0
3	Test material + activated sludge, Bottle 3	30.2	78.8	1.2	2.5	4.1	0.2	0.0	0.0
4	Water + activated sludge (control blank)	0.00	0.0	1.0	2.5	4.2	0.0	0.0	0.0
5	Aniline + activated sludge	30.0	90.3	42.5	64.5	67.5	45.9	68.7	70.1
6	Test material + water	29.9	78.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	-	-	-

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Remarks:

according to results obtained with reference substance

Interpretation of results:

under test conditions no biodegradation observed

Conclusions:

Results of analysis by the BOD method and the direct method (HPLC) showed that the test substance was hardly degraded, suggesting that it is unlikely to be biodegraded under the conditions of the present study.

Executive summary:

The ready biodegradability of the substance 3,3'-[biphenyl-4,4'-diylbis(oxy)]dianiline has been tested in a 28-day study in accordance with the Japanese guidelines (Inaba and Matsue 1997) using activated sludge and a test concentration of 100 mg/L, which was achieved by dissolving the test substance in an organic solvent before dissolving it in water. The biodegradation was estimated on the basis of the biological oxygen demand (BOD) and by direct analysis of the test material using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The BOD did not indicate any degradation of the test substance; no relevant loss of test substance over the study period of 28 days was found with the HPLC analysis and the study indicated that 3,3'-[biphenyl-4,4'-diylbis(oxy)]dianiline was not readily biodegradable.