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Diss Factsheets

Ecotoxicological information

Endpoint summary

Administrative data

Description of key information

Additional information

Toxicity to fish


 


The acute toxicity of tributylphosphate has been investigated in a number of studies in various fish species. The results of the studies are summarised below.


 








































































































Species



LC50 (mg/L)



Time (h)



Comment



Reference



Oryzias latipes



9.6



96



 



Sasaki et al, 1981a



Carassius auratus



8.8



96



 



Sasaki et al, 1981b



Leuciscus idus


 



7.6



96



 



Juhnke & Luedemann, 1978



Oryzias latipes



14.2



48



 



CITI, 1992



Pimephales promelas



8.18-11



96



 



Geiger et al, 1986



Oryzias latipes



17



96



 



Yoshioka & Ose, 1993



Oryzias latipes



5.85-18.5



24-48



Effects of temperature



Tsuko et al, 1985



Oryzias latipes



1.3



48



 



Yoshioka et al, 1985



Oncorhynchus mykiss



13



96



 



Bowman & Schrier, 1990



Oncorhynchus mykiss



11



96



 



ABC Labs, 1978



Salmo gairdneri



11.5-13.5



96



 



Dave & Lidman, 1978



Pimephales promelas



6.4



96



 



ABC labs, 1978



Salmo gairdneri



4.2-11.8



 



Effects of temperature


key value for chemical safety assessment



Dave et al, 1979



 


Dave et al (1981) report a 7 -day LC50 of 11.4 mg/L and a 10 -Day NOEC of 13.5 mg/L in Danio rerio. The same authors report a 50 -day NOEC for the embryo and larval stages of Oncorhyncus mykiss of 18.3 mg/L. In a proprietary study summarised in the OECD SIDS, a NOEC of 0.82 mg/L (key value for chemical safety assessment) is reported for a fish ELS toxicity test using Oncorhyncus mykiss.


 


Toxicity to aquatic invertebrates


 


The results of a large number of studies are available and are sumamrised below. In addition, the range-finding study for the 21-day reproduction test, Kuehn et al (1989) reports 24 -hour LC0 and LC50 values for tributylphosphate in Daphnia magna of 9.3 and 35 mg/L respectively.


 








































































































Species



EC50 (mg/L)



Time (h)



Comment



Reference



Daphnia magna



30



96



 



Bringmann & Kuehn, 1982



Daphnia magna



5-28.75



96



 



Bayer, 1985



Daphnia magna



33



24



 



Bringmann & Kuehn, 1977



Gammarus pseudolimnaeus



1.7



96



 



England & Cramer, 1991



Daphnia magna



12.8



24



 



Dave et al, 1981



Daphnia magna



1.8



48



key value for chemical safety assessment



ABC Laboratories, 1978



Daphnia magna



52



6



 



Wakabayashi et al, 1988



35



24



Daphnia magna



2.6



48



 



ABC Laboratories, 1990



Daphnia pulex



6



93



 



Wakabayashi et al, 1988



24



68



Hyalella azteca



2.4



96



 



England & Schrier, 1990



Moina macrocopa



1.8



3



 



Yoshioda et al, 1986



Dugesia japonica



1.3



3



 



 


A 21-day reproduction test was carried out in Daphnia magna to determine the NOEC for tributyl phosphate (Kuehn et al, 1989). Evaluation parameters for fixing the NOEC were parent animal mortality, reproduction rate and the appearance of the first offspring during the test period. Animals were aged 24 hours at the start of the test. A semi-static procedure was used with open vessels maintained under fluorescent lighting, animals were fed daily with algae suspension (the test was carried out in accordance with an FEA guideline). The 24 hour EC50 value was also determined. The NOEC was found to be 1.3 mg/l (key value for chemical safety assessment) in the 21 day reproduction test.


 


The 21 day EC50 (immobilisation) of tributyl phosphate in Daphnia magna is also reported to be >2.1mg/l (ABC Laboratories, 1991).


 


Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria


The results of a number of studies in different species are available and are summarised below. The lowest and thus most conservative LC50 value (Kuehn & Pattard, 1990, 96h-LC50: 1.1. mg/L based on biomass) was chosen as key value for chemical safety assessment.






















































SpeciesEndpointTimeCommentReference
Microcystis aeruginosaToxicity threshold: 4.1 mg/L8d Bringmann & Kuehn, 1978
Scenedesmus subspicatusToxicity threshold: 3.2 mg/L8d Bringmann & Kuehn, 1978
Scenedesmus subspicatusEC50 1.1-1.3 mg/L (biomass); 2.8-4.2 mg/L (growth)96hkey value for chemical safety assessmentKuehn & Pattard, 1990
Selenastrum capricornutumEC50 4.4 mg/L96h Burgess & Wirth, 1990

Chlorella emersonii
EC50 5-10 mg/L48h Dave et al, 1979
Phytoplankton species

EC100 50 mg/L


LOEC 5 mg/L


14d Blanck et al, 1984

 


 


Toxicity to microorganisms


 


A number of studies have been performed in various organisms and are summarised below.


 






























































Species



Endpoint



Time



Comment



Reference



Activated sludge



EC50: 100 mg/L



3h



key value for chemical safety assessment 



Yoshioka et al, 1986



Pseudomonas putida



Toxicity threshold: >100 mg/L



16h



 



Bringmann & Kuehn, 1977



Tetrahymena pyriformis



EC 50: 20 mg/L



24h



 



Yoshioka, 1985



Activated sludge



EC50: 300 mg/L



3h



 



Bayer, 1985



Entosiphon sulcatum



Toxicity threshold: 14 mg/L



72h



 



(Bringmann & Kuehn, 1979)



Chilomonas paramecium



Toxicity threshold: 42 mg/L



48h



 



(Bringmann et al, 1980)



Uronema parduczi



Toxicity threshold: 21 mg/L



20h



 



(Bringmann & Kuehn, 1980)