1,3-propanesultone

Short-term toxicity to fish

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Reference 1

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to fish

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

weight of evidence

Study period:

1992-03-23 to 1992-04-05

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: GLP guideline study without analytics according to OECD 203

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test)

Deviations:

yes

Remarks:

, no analytical dose verification

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Analytical monitoring:

no

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: required amounts of the test substance were placed in a 1 L glass cylinder and made up to 1 L with water and added to 9 L of test water. Highest concentration of 1000 mg/L (for the preliminary test) was prepared directly by dissolving test item in the final volume of 10 L dechlorinated tap water
- Controls: Blank control with test medium only
- Chemical name of vehicle (organic solvent, emulsifier or dispersant): none
- Stock solution: prepared directly by dissolving test item in the final volume of 10 L dechlorinated tap water.
- Evidence of undissolved material (e.g. precipitate, surface film, etc): none

Test organisms (species):

Leuciscus idus

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Golden orfe
- Source: Fischzucht Eggers / D-2354 Hohenwestedt
- Length at study initiation (length definition, mean, range and SD): 5.9 cm (mean of 20 fish
- Weight at study initiation (mean and range, SD): 2.22 g (mean of 20 fish)
- Method of holding:
- temperature: 18 ± 2.0 °C
- oxygen: at least 80% of air saturation (ca. 8.0 mg O2/L)
- pH: 7.0 - 8.5
- hardness: 14 °dH
- light: 16h daily; intensity: 600-800 lux
- feeding: once daily with trout pellets
- Feeding during test: none


ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: minimum of 14 days prior to test initiation
- Acclimation conditions (same as test or not): no (250 L glass container, flow-through conditions and permanent aeration)

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

96 h

Hardness:

14°dH

Test temperature:

18. 0 - 19.0°C

pH:

8.11 - 8.32

Dissolved oxygen:

> 60%
(9.6 - 11 mg/L O2)

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Nominal test substance concentrations: 10, 18, 32, 56, and 100 mg/L

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: Glass aquaria of 12 liters
- Aeration: continuous aeration using a membrane pump system and pasteur pipettes for contact with test medium
- No. of organisms per vessel: 10
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 1
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 1
- No. of vessels per vehicle control (replicates): 1
- Biomass loading rate: 10 L for 5 fish

TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: Dechlorinated tap water (from SG dechlorination system)
- Intervals of water quality measurement: Daily

OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: 16 hours daily (600 - 800 Lux)

EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) : Mortality, Symptoms

TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: 1.78 (geometric series)
- Range finding study
- Test concentrations: 0.1, 1, 10, 100 and 1000 mg/L
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: LC100 (96 h): 100 mg/L, LC0 (96 h): 10 mg/L

Reference substance (positive control):

no

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC0

Effect conc.:

32 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

72.5 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC100

Effect conc.:

100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

32 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Details on results:

- Behavioural abnormalities: None
- Mortality of control: None
- Other adverse effects control: None
- Abnormal responses: None
- Any observations (e.g. precipitation): None

Reported statistics and error estimates:

48 - 96 h LC50 values determined graphically as calculation of LC50 value by means of Probit analysis according to Finney was not feasible.

Sublethal observations / clinical signs:

Due to the distribution of the data, the calculation of the LC50 values by means of the Probit analysis according to Finney was not feasible. Therefore, the 48 - 96 h LC50 was determined graphically.

Table: Mortality in preliminary test

Conc. Mg/L	1000	100	10	1	0.1	control
Mortality	%	%	%	%	%	%
2-4 h	0	0	0	0	0	0
24 h	100	40	0	0	0	0
48 h	100	100	0	0	0	0
72 h	100	100	0	0	0	0
96 h	100	100	0	0	0	0

Table: Mortality in main test

Conc. Mg/L	100	56	32	18	10	control
Mortality	%	%	%	%	%	%
2-4 h	0	0	0	0	0	0
24 h	0	0	0	0	0	0
48 h	100	10	0	0	0	0
72 h	100	10	0	0	0	0
96 h	100	10	0	0	0	0

Reference 2

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to fish

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

weight of evidence

Study period:

April - May 1996

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: OECD Guideline Study performed in compliance with the UK Principles of Good Laboratory Practice, no analytical monitoring

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test)

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Analytical monitoring:

no

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: The test solutions were prepared separately by adding the required amount of test substance to dechlorinated tap water.

Test organisms (species):

Leuciscus idus

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name:Juvenile golden orfe.
- Source:Fish were obtained from Xotic Fish Centre, Alfreton, Derbyshire
- Length at study initiation (length definition, mean, range and SD): 5.4 cm (SD: 0.3)
- Weight at study initiation (mean and range, SD): 1.54 g (SD: 0.38)


ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: 1 week
- Acclimation conditions (same as test or not): 21± 1 °C >=8.3 mg O2/L
- Type and amount of food during acclimation:Tetramin flake food.
- Feeding frequency during acclimation:feeding was stopped 48 hours prior to test start.
- Health during acclimation (any mortality observed): no mortality observed

Test type:

semi-static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

96 h

Hardness:

100 mg/L as CaCO3

Test temperature:

20.0 - 20.5

pH:

6.2 - 7.9 (at concentrations 100 - 320 mg/L)
3.6 (at concentration 560 mg/L)
2.6 (at concentration 1000 mg/L)

Dissolved oxygen:

7.9 - 8.0 mgO2/L

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Nominal: 100 mg/L, 180 mg/L, 320 mg/L, 560 mg/L and 1000 mg/L

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: glass aquaria (20 L)
- Type (delete if not applicable): covered to reduce evaporation
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume:
- Aeration: yes
- Renewal rate of test solution (frequency/flow rate): daily
- No. of organisms per vessel: 10
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 1
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 1
- Biomass loading rate: 0.77 g bodyweight/L

TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: Tap water dechlorinated by passage through an activated carbon filter.
- Behavioural abnormalities:
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH:
- Photoperiod: 16:8 h day-night regime

EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
Mortality and adverse reactions at 3, 6, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours

TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Range finding study
- Test concentrations: 1, 10, 100 and 1000 mg/L
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: Mortalities observed at 1000 mg/L

Reference substance (positive control):

no

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

420 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Remarks on result:

other: 320 - 560 mg/L

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

180 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Details on results:

- Behavioural abnormalities: swimming at the surface at concentrations > 180 mg/L.

Sublethal observations / clinical signs:

Cumulative mortality

Nominal substance concentrations [mg/L]	3 h	6 h	24 h	48 h	72 h	96 h
0	0	0	0	0	0	0
100	0	0	0	0	0	0
180	0	0	0	0	0	0
320	0	0	0	0	0	0
560	6	10	10	10	10	100
1000	10	10	10	10	10	100

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water fish

Fresh water fish

Effect concentration:

72.5 mg/L

Additional information

The acute toxicity on fish was tested for the parent substance 1,3 -propanesultone and for the product of hydrolysis 3-hydroxypropanesulphonic acid. Due to the rapid hydrolysis testing of the parent substance 1,3-propanesultonewill ultimately result in an exposure to the product of hydrolysis. Therefore the available tests were assessed in a weight of evidence approach.

The acute toxicity to Leuciscus idus was tested in a guideline study following OECD 203, conducted with the test item 3-hydroxypropanesulphonic acid. The fish were exposed to nominal substance concentrations of 100 mg/L, 180 mg/L, 320 mg/L, 560 mg/L and 1000 mg/L. The test was set up in a semi-static test design with a daily renewal rate of the tested concentrations. After a total exposure period of 96 hours a LC50 (96 h) of 420 mg/L based on nominal concentrations was determined.

The acute toxicity of 1,3-propanesultone was tested in a static test according to OECD 203. Fish of the species Leuciscus idus were exposed to nominal test item concentrations of 0 (control), 10, 18, 32, 56 and 100 mg/L.  The 96-h LC50 was 72.5 mg/L.