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EC number: 202-684-8 | CAS number: 98-59-9
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- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
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- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
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- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
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- Additional toxicological data

Eye irritation
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- eye irritation: in vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 1978
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: see 'Remark'
- Remarks:
- The study was performed according to a method similar to OECD 405 and pre-GLP. The study did not last for 21 days to study reversibility but this would also not be acceptable nowadays for animal welfare reasons. Therefore the study is given validity 4 otherwise it can be a validity 2.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 978
- Report date:
- 1978
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 405 (Acute Eye Irritation / Corrosion)
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: U.S. FDA (Fed. Reg. 28(119), 5582, 1963)
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- The study did not last for 21 days to study reversibility but this would also not be acceptable nowadays for animal welfare reasons.
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Remarks:
- pre-GLP
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Tosyl chloride
- EC Number:
- 202-684-8
- EC Name:
- Tosyl chloride
- Cas Number:
- 98-59-9
- Molecular formula:
- C7H7ClO2S
- IUPAC Name:
- 4-methylbenzenesulfonyl chloride
- Details on test material:
- Name: para toluenesulfochloride
Appearance: a white solid
Date received: 15 March 1978
No further data
Constituent 1
Test animals / tissue source
- Species:
- rabbit
- Strain:
- New Zealand White
- Details on test animals or tissues and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: no data
- Age at study initiation: no data
- Weight at study initiation: no data
- Housing: no data
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): no data
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): no data
- Acclimation period: no data
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): no data
- Humidity (%): no data
- Air changes (per hr): no data
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): no data
IN-LIFE DATES: no data
Test system
- Vehicle:
- unchanged (no vehicle)
- Controls:
- other: untreated eye served as the control
- Amount / concentration applied:
- 0.1g
- Duration of treatment / exposure:
- One single dose is given
- Observation period (in vivo):
- The eyes are examined at 24, 48, 72 hours and 7 days after instillation of the test material.
- Number of animals or in vitro replicates:
- 1, due to the severity of the effects
- Details on study design:
- REMOVAL OF TEST SUBSTANCE
- Washing (if done): not done
- Time after start of exposure: not applicable
SCORING SYSTEM: Scoring system eye irritation
Cornea: degree of density (area most dense taken for reading)
0 No ulceration or opacity
1 Scattered or diffuse areas of opacity (other than slight dulling of normal lustre), details of iris clearly visible
2 Easily discernible translucent areas, details of iris slightly obscured
3 Nacrous areas, no details of iris visible, size of pupil barely discernible
4 Opaque cornea, iris not discernible through the opacity
Iris
0 Normal
1 Markedly deepened rugae, congestion, swelling, moderate circumcorneal hyperaemia or injection, any of these or combination of any thereof, iris still reacting to light (sluggish reaction is positive)
2 No reaction to light, haemorrhage, gross destruction (any or all of these)
Conjunctivae
Redness (refers to palpebral and bulbar conjunctivae cornea and iris)
0 Blood vessels normal
1 Some blood vessels definitely hyperaemic
(injected)
2 Diffuse, crimson colour, individual vessels not easily discernible
3 Diffuse, beefy red
Chemosis (lids and/or nictitating membranes)
0 No swelling 0
1 Any swelling above normal (includes nictitating membranes)
2 Obvious swelling with partial eversion of lids
3 Swelling with lids about half-closed
4 Swelling with lids more than half-closed
TOOL USED TO ASSESS SCORE: Ocular reactions are read using a binocular magnifying glass. The diagnosis of corneal damage is confirmed, if necessary, by staining the eyes of the animals with fluorescein-impregnated papers. After flushing the excess fluorescein solution, the eyes are examined in a dark room under ultraviolet illumination.
Results and discussion
In vivo
Resultsopen allclose all
- Irritation parameter:
- cornea opacity score
- Basis:
- animal #1
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 3
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- not reversible
- Remarks on result:
- other: At the observation after 7 days the degree of the effects has increased.
- Irritation parameter:
- iris score
- Basis:
- animal #1
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 1
- Max. score:
- 2
- Reversibility:
- not reversible
- Remarks on result:
- other: At the observation after 7 days the degree of the effects has increased.
- Irritation parameter:
- conjunctivae score
- Basis:
- animal #1
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 3
- Reversibility:
- not reversible
- Remarks on result:
- other: Could not be scored, conjunctivae ischemic or necrotic.
- Irritation parameter:
- chemosis score
- Basis:
- animal #1
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 2.33
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- not fully reversible within: 7 days
- Irritant / corrosive response data:
- Moderate to complete corneal opacity, slight iritis, ischemia and necrosis of the conjunctivae and swelling with lids about half closed.
Any other information on results incl. tables
results:
Rabbit No and sex |
Region of the eye |
Hours after instillation |
Average 24-48-72 hours |
||||
24 |
48 |
72 |
7(days) |
||||
19 |
Cornea |
Degree of opacity |
3 |
3 |
3 |
4 |
3 |
Iris |
1 |
1 |
1 |
? |
1 |
||
Conjunctivae |
Redness |
- |
- |
- |
- |
||
Chemosis |
3 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2.33 |
? iris not discernible
- conjunctivae ischemic or necrotic
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- Category 1 (irreversible effects on the eye) based on GHS criteria
- Remarks:
- Migrated information
- Conclusions:
- Ischemia and necrosis of the conjunctivae were observed. Other effects increased in severity over a 7 day period. The study did not last for 21 days but this would also not be acceptable nowadays for animal welfare reasons. Therefore the test substance is considered to cause irreversible effects on the eye according to GHS.
- Executive summary:
A study was performed to access the eye irritancy of para toluenesulfochloride. The study was performed pre-GLP. The study is similar to OECD405. 0.1g of the test substance was instilled in the eye of one rabbit. The untreated eye served as the control. Observations were made after 24, 48, 72 hours and after 7 days. The test substance caused very severe ocular lesions: moderate to complete corneal opacity, slight iritis, ischemia and necrosis of the conjunctivae and swelling with lids about half closed which were increased at the 7 day observation. Therefore the test substance is considered to cause irreversible effects on the eye according to GHS.
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