1,1,1-trichloroethane

Guidance on Safe Use

First-aid measures

General advice: Take off immediately all contaminated clothing

Inhalation of mists Move patient from contaminated area to fresh air. Oxygen or artificial respiration if needed. In case of persistent problems : Consult a physician.

Skin contact: Wash immediately, abundantly and thoroughly with soap and water. If significant contact: Keep under medical surveillance. consult a doctor

Eye contact: Wash immediately, abundantly and thoroughly with water. If irritation persists, consult an ophthalmologist.

Ingestion: Do NOT induce vomiting. Hospitalise.

Protection of first-aiders: In case of insufficient ventilation, wear suitable respiratory equipment. Protective suit

Notes to physician: Treatment: Do not administer catecholamines (because of the cardiac effect caused by the product)

Fire-fighting measures

Suitable extinguishing media: Water spray, Carbon dioxide (CO2), Dry powder

Specific hazards: Thermal decomposition giving toxic and corrosive products : Hydrogen chloride gas, Phosgene, Carbon oxides

Specific methods: Cool containers / tanks with water spray. Remove all sources of ignition.

Special protective actions for fire-fighters: In the event of fire, wear self-contained breathing apparatus. Complete suit protecting against chemicals

Accidental release measures

Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures:

Evacuate non-essential staff and those not equipped with individual protection apparatus. Avoid contact with skin and eyes and inhalation of

vapours. Use personal protective equipment.

Environmental precautions:

Do not release into the environment. Prevent product from entering drains. Dam up and absorb on an inert material.

Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:

Recovery: Pump into a labelled inert emergency tank. Shovel into suitable container for disposal.

Small quantities : Soak up with inert absorbent material (Vermiculite, Clean sand).

After cleaning, flush away traces with water. Recover waste water for processing later.

Handling and storage

Precautions for safe handling:  Technical measures/Precautions:

Storage and handling precautions applicable to products: Liquid Harmful Dangerous for the environment

Provide appropriate exhaust ventilation at machinery. Well ventilate empty vats and tanks before entering

Provide showers, eye-baths. Provide self-contained breathing apparatus nearby (for emergency intervention).

Safe handling advice:

Avoid splashing and emission of vapours when handling. Prohibit all sources of sparks and ignition - Do not smoke. PROHIBIT opening of

containers with blowtorch : risk of explosion. In case of insufficient ventilation, wear suitable respiratory equipment.

Hygiene measures:       

Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Avoid contact with the skin and the eyes. Avoid inhalation of vapours. When using do not eat,

drink or smoke.

Wash hands after handling. Remove contaminated clothing and protective equipment before entering eating areas.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:

Keep tightly closed in a dry, cool and well-ventilated place. Store in containers equipped with dehumidifiers. Protect against light. Provide

impermeable floor. Provide a catch-tank in a bunded area.

Incompatible products:Acids, Bases, Oxidizing agents

Packaging material:

Recommended: Ordinary steel, Stainless steel, Epoxy resin lined tanks

To be avoided: Plastic materials, Light metals and alloys in the presence of humidity, including parts of the installation in contact with

the product, Colourless glass

Specific use(s) (End Use):

This substance must be handled under strictly controlled conditions in accordance with REACH regulation Article 18(4) for on-site isolated

intermediates. Written confirmation of application of strictly controlled conditions has been received from every Downstream User of the

intermediate registered.

Transport information

Land transport (UN RTDG/ADR/RID)

UN number:

UN 2831

Shipping

Labels:

6.1

SpecialProvisions

Inland waterway transport (UN RTDG/ADN(R))

UN number:

UN 2831

Shipping

Labels:

6.1

Remarks

Marine transport (UN RTDG/IMDG)

UN number:

UN 2831

Shipping information

Proper shipping name and description:

6.1

Chemical name:

1,1,1-TRICHLOROETHANE

Labels:

6.1

Remarks

Air transport (UN RTDG/ICAO/IATA)

UN number:

UN 2831

Shipping information

Chemical name:

1,1,1-TRICHLOROETHANE

Labels:

6.1

Remarks

SpecialProvisions

Exposure controls / personal protection

CONTROL PARAMETERS: Exposure Limit Values

1,1,1-TrichloroethaneSource       Date       Value type       Value(ppm)       Value(mg/m3)       Remarks

EU ELV       02 2006       TWA          100          555       –

EU ELV       02 2006       STEL          200         1.110       –

INRS (FR)       01 2008       VME (FR)          100          555        Regulatory binding (VRC)

INRS (FR)       01 2008       VLE (FR)          200         1.110        Regulatory binding (VRC)

ACGIH (US)       2007       TWA          350       –       –

ACGIH (US)       2007       STEL          450       –       –

EXPOSURE CONTROLS:

General protective measures: Apply technical measures to comply with the occupational exposure limits.

Provide sufficient air exchange and/or exhaust in work rooms.

Frequently monitor and control the working atmosphere.

Routine monitoring and inspections for leaks to reduce fugitive emissions. Use material of high integrity for loading and unloading.

Site documentation to support safe handling arrangements including the selection of engineering,

administrative and personal protective equipment controls in accordance with risk-based management systems is available at each

Manufacturing site.

Personal protective equipment:

Respiratory protection: In case of insufficient ventilation, wear suitable respiratory equipment.

In the case of hazardous fumes, wear self contained breathing apparatus.

Hand protection: Solvent-resistant gloves

Eye/face protection: Safety glasses with side-shields

Skin and body protection: Protective suit

Environmental exposure controls:

Do not release into the environment.

Use techniques to minimize emissions (incineration or any treatment to minimize level of release).

Stability and reactivity

Reactivity & Chemical stability:

The product is stable under normal handling and storage conditions.

Possibility of hazardous reactions:

Vapour/air-mixtures are explosive at intense warming.

Conditions to avoid:

Heat, flames and sparks. Exposure to light. Exposure to moisture.

Incompatible materials to avoid:

Acids, Bases, Oxygen, Oxidizing agents, Powdered metals, Finely divided metals, Aluminium, Magnesium, Zinc, Titanium (risk of explosion)

Thermal decomposition:

Decomposition temperature: 95 °C

Hazardous decomposition products:

Thermal decomposition giving toxic and corrosive products :

Phosgene, Carbon oxides, Hydrogen chloride gas

Disposal considerations

Waste treatment:

Disposal of product: The product should not be allowed to enter drains, water courses or the soil.  If recycling is not practicable, dispose of in compliance with local regulations.

Disposal of packaging: Do not release into the environment. Destroy packaging by incineration at an approved waste disposal

site (in accordance with local and national regulations).

This substance is handled under Strictly Controlled Conditions in accordance with  REACH regulation Article 17(3) for on-site isolated intermediates and, in case the substance is transported to other sites for further processing, the substance should be handled at these sites under the Strictly Controlled Conditions as specified in REACH regulation Article 18(4).