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EC number: 309-712-9 | CAS number: 100684-39-7 A complex combination of hydrocarbons obtained as a residue from the distillation of crude oil under vacuum. It consists predominantly of hydrocarbons having carbon numbers predominantly in the range above C50 and boiling in the range above approximately 360°C (680°F).
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Exposure related observations in humans: other data
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- exposure-related observations in humans: other data
- Adequacy of study:
- other information
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
Data source
Reference
- Title:
- No information
- Author:
- Tepper, A., Burr, G. A., Feng, H. A., Singal, M., Miller, A. K., Hanley, K. W. and Olsen, L. D. (2006)|Acute symptoms associated with asphalt fume exposure among|road pavers.|Am. J. Indust. Med. Volume 49, Pages 728-739
Materials and methods
- Type of study / information:
- Type of experience: Human
Results and discussion
Any other information on results incl. tables
RS-Freetext:
Although 79 workers participated in the study (157 person-days of enrolment) some were excluded for a variety of reasons including no exposure to asphalt, not being present all days during the study etc.
43 workers remained after the exclusions with 79 person-days of usable symptom data. Of these 79 person days, 78 had total particulate exposure data and 32 had benzene soluble particulate data. The comparison group comprised 42 workers who provided 138 person-days of symptom data.
Full shift TWA exposures to total particulates ranged from 0.01 to 1.30 mg/m³ with the lowest exposures to roller drivers (0.07 mg/m³) and the highest to truck dumpers (0.40 mg/m³.
Exposures to benzene soluble particulates ranged from 0.01 mg/m³ to 0.82 mg/m³. Roller operators had the lowest exposure (0.02 mg/m³) and paver operators the highest (0.36 mg/m³)
PAC exposures were lowest for roller operators and highest for truck dumpers and paver operators (ranges from 0.09 to 1.8 mg/m³).
Symptoms were categorised into one of six groups and the incidence (%) for exposed (E) and the unexposed comparison group (C) is shown below
E C
burning, itchy, painful, or irritated eyes 11 8
burning, itch, stuffy, or irritated throat 19 8.7
sore, dry, scratchy. or irritated throat 13 4
cough 9 4
chest tightness or difficulty breathing 4 0.7
wheezing or whistling in chest 3 0
Although asphalt-exposed workers had numerically higher symptom rates than the unexposed comparison group, the difference was only statistically significant for throat symptoms with an Odds Ratio (OR) of 4.0, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 1.2-13)
Total particulate, as a continuous variable, was associated with:
eye symptoms (OR=1.34, 95% CI: 1.12-1.60)
throat symptoms (OR=1.40, 95% CI: 1.06-1.85)
Total particulate as a dichotomous variable the following associations were found:
eye symptoms (OR=7.5, 95% CI: 1.1-5.0)
throat symptoms (OR=15, 95% CI: 2.3-103)
Benzene soluble particulate as a dichotomous variable the following associations were found:
eye, nose, throat symptoms (OR=11, 95% CI: 1.5-84)
Only one worker had a PEFR pattern that met the criteria for bronchial liability. This worker was a paver operator and a smoker and had a decreasing PEFR over the work shift on both days that he worked with unmodified asphalt. He only reported eye irritation on day 1 of the study. On the third day of the study he was working with CRM asphalt and also had a decreasing PEFR and reported throat irritation and a cough. On his second day with CRM asphalt he reported eye and throat irritation, cough and wheezing but did not have PEFR-defined bronchial liability.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
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