Registration Dossier
Registration Dossier
Data platform availability banner - registered substances factsheets
Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.
The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.
Diss Factsheets
Use of this information is subject to copyright laws and may require the permission of the owner of the information, as described in the ECHA Legal Notice.
EC number: 207-306-5 | CAS number: 460-19-5
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- read-across based on grouping of substances (category approach)
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Justification for type of information:
- Ethanedinitrile, hydrogen cyanide (HCN), potassium cyanide and sodium cyanide can be considered as a chemical category, along with and acetone cyanohydrin (ACH, also known as 2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanenitrile), based on structural similarity, common breakdown/metabolic products in physical and biological systems, and similar physico-chemical properties. Particular attention is paid to the dissociation constant of HCN. Ethanedinitrile breaks down in aqueous solution into cyanide ion (CN-) and cyanate ion (OCN-) (Cotton and Wilkinson 1980). Ethanedinitrile due to its low log Kow (0.07) and relatively high solubility in water (2.34 g/L) needs to get dissolved in aqueous solutions in lungs to enter the body. The rate of hydrolysis of ethanedinitrile is very fast (Ajwa 2015). Also, in the vast majority of environmental and physiologic conditions, the cyanide salts will dissolve in water to form hydrogen cyanide. The physico-chemical hazards and toxicity therefore result from the activity of HCN. An ECETOC Task Force, in the 2007 ECETOC Joint Assessment of Commodity Chemicals (JACC) Report No. 53, “Cyanides of Hydrogen, Sodium and Potassium, and Acetone Cyanohydrin (CAS No. 74-90-8, 143-33-9, 151-50-8 and 75-86-5)” supports the development of the chemical category inclusive hydrogen cyanide, sodium and potassium cyanides. Hydrogen cyanide (Index No.006-006-00-X) and salts of hydrogen cyanides (Index No.006-007-00-5) are both listed in Annex VI, Table 3.1 of Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008, entry 006-007-00-5, and are restricted in comparable ways taking into account physical characteristics. Thus, the assignment of ethanedinitrile to a chemical category does not result in a less protective regulatory status.
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 201 (Alga, Growth Inhibition Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Test organisms (species):
- Desmodesmus subspicatus (previous name: Scenedesmus subspicatus)
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Total exposure duration:
- 72 h
- Test temperature:
- 23 +/- °C
- Details on test conditions:
- Initial algae culture concentration: 10,000 cells in 1 ml
Exposure: 72 hours
Lighting: continual, min 6,000 lux, max 10,000 lux.
Volume of tested solution: 50 ml
No aeration
Algae culture mixed by shaking, swing 40 mm, frequency degree 4 - Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Remarks:
- EbC50
- Effect conc.:
- 0.04 mg/L
- Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Remarks:
- ErC50
- Effect conc.:
- 0.12 mg/L
- Conclusions:
- The results of Algal Growth Inhibition Test with exposure of Scenedesmus (Desmodesmus) subspicatus to hydrogen cyanide are:
EbC50 (0-72h) = 0.04 mg.L-1
ErC50 (0-72h) = 0.12 mg.L-1 - Executive summary:
The tested substance, hydrogen cyanide, liquid, stabilized, was subject to a test of algal growth inhibition. Considering the expected substance toxicity detected in a preliminary test, a complete test was carried out two times.
Test conditions:
Temperature: 23 ± 2°C
Lighting: continual, min 6,000 lux, max 10,000 lux.
Exposure: 72 hours
Volume of tested solution: 50 ml
Initial algae culture concentration: 10,000 cells in 1 ml
No aeration
Algae culture mixed by shaking, swing 40 mm, frequency degree 4
Preliminary test:
Basic solution of the tested substance: 15 mg.L-1
Inoculation algae culture volume: 0.61 ml in 50 ml mixture
Lighting during test: 6,300 Lux
Temperature during test: 22.0 – 22.5°C
Based on the preliminary test results, a complete test was started.
Complete test was performed in 7 concentrations of the tested substance that were determined on the basis of preliminary test results and in control solution without the tested substance. The concentrations were tested parallelly in three rows. The whole test was repeated two times. Test procedure as such was identical as in the case of preliminary test.
Test 1:
Basic solution of tested substance: 15 mg.L-1
Inoculation algae culture volume: 0.42 ml in 50 ml solution
Lighting during test: 6,200 – 6,300 Lux
Temperature during test: 22.5°C
Test 2:
Basic solution of tested substance: 15 mg.L-1
Inoculation algae culture volume: 0.78 ml in 50 ml solution
Lighting during test: 6,300 – 6,400 Lux
Temperature during test: 22.0 – 22.5°C
Determination of concentration of the tested substance
At the beginning and at the end of the test, a determination of concentration of the tested substance was carried out by volumetric method.
Solutions in flasks with the highest concentration of the tested substance were analysed. Solutions with the lowest content of the tested substance could not be analysed as their concentrations were below determination limit of the used analytical method, which is 0.1 mg.L-1in direct determination; therefore, such concentration that can still be safely determined was opted for. All determinations were carried out after the algae were filtered away. Filtration was performed using an inert membrane filter with 0.2 µm porosity.
Measured and calculated data
Algal growth inhibition:
Table 8.2.6.1 – 3.Preliminary test
dilution
ml.L-1
conc.
mg.L-1
Algae culture concentration
number of cells in 1 ml
Ir(%)
IA(%)
in 24 hours
in 48 hours
in 72 hours
170
2.55
6,250
0
0
100
100
80
1.20
6,250
6,250
6,250
100
100
50
0.75
18,750
6,250
6,250
100
99.8
40
0.60
12,500
6,250
12,500
95.9
100
20
0.30
12,500
12,500
25,000
82.0
99.0
10
0.15
25,000
56,250
100,000
55.2
91.6
3
0.045
37,500
131,250
1, 043,750
9.9
47.3
1
0.015
43,750
206,250
1,318,750
5.2
30.0
Control
0
37,500
375,000
1,750,000
-
-
Table 8.2.6.1 – 4.First test
dilution
ml.L-1
conc.
mg.L-1
pH
0 hours
pH
72 hours
Algae culture concentration
number of cells in 1 ml
Ir(%)
IA(%)
in 24 hours
in 48 hours
in 72 hours
20
0.30
7.81
7.94
8,333
31,250
41,667
72.3
97.5
10
0.15
7.80
7.95
12,500
50,000
75,000
61.3
94.7
8
0.12
7.80
8.02
20,833
89,583
122,917
51.4
89.5
6
0.09
7.80
8.19
29,167
104,167
266,667
37.0
82.8
4
0.06
7.80
8.63
37,500
189,583
737,500
17.3
59.3
2
0.03
7.79
8.70
52,083
220,833
839,583
14.5
52.4
1
0.015
7.78
8.97
58,333
462,500
1,664,583
1.7
5.3
Control
0
7.78
8.87
70,833
456,250
1,802,083
-
-
Table 8.2.6.1 – 5.Second test
dilution
ml.L-1
conc.
mg.L-1
pH
0 hours
pH
72 hours
Algae culture concentration
number of cells in 1 ml
Ir(%)
IA(%)
in 24 hours
in 48 hours
in 72 hours
20
0.30
7.95
7.76
14,583
22,917
45,833
70.3
97.1
10
0.15
7.93
7.79
25,000
31,250
60,417
65.1
95.0
8
0.12
7.93
7.84
27,083
41,667
97,917
55.8
92.4
6
0.09
7.93
7.94
31,250
81,250
181,250
43.6
85.4
4
0.06
7.92
8.25
33,333
129,167
343,750
31.4
74.7
2
0.03
7.91
9.07
37,500
177,083
756,250
16.3
53.6
1
0.015
7.90
9.20
43,750
231,250
1,333,333
5.2
25.0
Control
0
7.88
9.25
58,333
329,167
1,720,833
-
-
CA 8.1.1.1 Effects on growth of an additional algal species
The substance will be dispatched in the air and will get quickly diluted due to its high volatility. The substance will stay in the air based on its physical and chemical properties and will not transfer to
other environmental compartments such as soil and water as confirmed by models in the environmental fate part of dossier, CA 7.3.2.Literature data suggest range from 5.3 to 30,000 ug CN/L for LOEC, EC50 and
NOEC data towards 8 algal or cyanobacterial speciesGensemeret al.(2005).
CA 8.1.2 Effects on aquatic macrophytes
The substance will be dispatched in the air and will get quickly diluted due to its high volatility. The substance will stay in the air based on its physical and chemical properties and will not transfer to other environmental compartments such as soil and water as confirmed by models in the environmental fate part of dossier, CA 7.3.2.
Instead of data on ethanedinitrile, data on hydrogen cyanide are presented which are more appropriate than data on the active compound according to OECD23 (Guidance Document On Aquatic Toxicity Testing Of Difficult Substances And Mixtures) due to the rapid hydrolysis in water.
The results of Algal Growth Inhibition Test with exposure of Scenedesmus (Desmodesmus) subspicatusto hydrogen cyanide are:
EbC50(0-72h) = 0.04 mg.L-1
ErC50(0-72h) = 0.12 mg.L-1
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- read-across based on grouping of substances (category approach)
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- test procedure in accordance with generally accepted scientific standards and described in sufficient detail
- Justification for type of information:
- Ethanedinitrile, hydrogen cyanide (HCN), potassium cyanide and sodium cyanide can be considered as a chemical category, along with and acetone cyanohydrin (ACH, also known as 2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanenitrile), based on structural similarity, common breakdown/metabolic products in physical and biological systems, and similar physico-chemical properties. Particular attention is paid to the dissociation constant of HCN. Ethanedinitrile breaks down in aqueous solution into cyanide ion (CN-) and cyanate ion (OCN-) (Cotton and Wilkinson 1980). Ethanedinitrile due to its low log Kow (0.07) and relatively high solubility in water (2.34 g/L) needs to get dissolved in aqueous solutions in lungs to enter the body. The rate of hydrolysis of ethanedinitrile is very fast (Ajwa 2015). Also, in the vast majority of environmental and physiologic conditions, the cyanide salts will dissolve in water to form hydrogen cyanide. The physico-chemical hazards and toxicity therefore result from the activity of HCN. An ECETOC Task Force, in the 2007 ECETOC Joint Assessment of Commodity Chemicals (JACC) Report No. 53, “Cyanides of Hydrogen, Sodium and Potassium, and Acetone Cyanohydrin (CAS No. 74-90-8, 143-33-9, 151-50-8 and 75-86-5)” supports the development of the chemical category inclusive hydrogen cyanide, sodium and potassium cyanides. Hydrogen cyanide (Index No.006-006-00-X) and salts of hydrogen cyanides (Index No.006-007-00-5) are both listed in Annex VI, Table 3.1 of Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008, entry 006-007-00-5, and are restricted in comparable ways taking into account physical characteristics. Thus, the assignment of ethanedinitrile to a chemical category does not result in a less protective regulatory status.
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- test procedure in accordance with generally accepted scientific standards
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Key result
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LOEC
- Effect conc.:
- >= 5.3 - <= 30 000 µg/L
- Conclusions:
- The substance will be dispatched in the air and will get quickly diluted due to its high volatility. The substance will stay in the air based on its physical and chemical properties and will not transfer to other environmental compartments such as soil and water as confirmed by models in the environmental fate part of dossier (10.3 Fate and behaviour in air).
Literature data suggest range from 5.3 to 30,000 ug CN/L for LOEC, EC50 and NOEC data towards 8 algal or cyanobacterial species Gensemer et al. (2005). - Executive summary:
The substance will be dispatched in the air and will get quickly diluted due to its high volatility. The substance will stay in the air based on its physical and chemical properties and will not transfer to other environmental compartments such as soil and water as confirmed by models in the environmental fate part of dossier (10.3 Fate and behaviour in air). Literature data suggest range from 5.3 to 30,000 ug CN/L for LOEC, EC50 and NOEC data towards 8 algal or cyanobacterial species.
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Remarks:
- Effects on growth rate of green algae
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 201 (Alga, Growth Inhibition Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Test organisms (species):
- Desmodesmus subspicatus (previous name: Scenedesmus subspicatus)
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Total exposure duration:
- 72 h
- Test temperature:
- 22.9 °C - 23.2 °C
- pH:
- 7.0 - 7.96
- Details on test conditions:
- Volume of tested mixture: 50ml
Illumination: 24 hours per day
Light intensity: 7346 lx
Intensity of stirring with flask: 4 per day - Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- IC50
- Effect conc.:
- 1.79 mg/L
- Details on results:
- In order to reach higher specification of IC50, another basic test was performed in different span of concentrations.
- Conclusions:
- The 72-hour IC50 of ethanedinitrile towards Desmodesmus subspicatus was estimated to be 1.79mg/L.
The substance will be dispatched in the air and will get quickly diluted due to its high volatility. The substance will stay in the air based on its physical and chemical properties and will not transfer to other environmental compartments such as soil and water as confirmed by models. - Executive summary:
The 72-hour IC50 of ethanedinitrile towards Desmodesmus subspicatus was estimated to be 1.79mg/L.
Exposure of aquatic organisms is not expected. The substance will be dispatched in the air and will get quickly diluted due to its high volatility. The substance will stay in the air based on its physical and chemical properties and will not transfer to other environmental compartments such as soil and water as confirmed by models.
Referenceopen allclose all
Measured and calculated data Algal growth inhibition: Table: Preliminary test
Table: First test
Table: Second test
|
Table: Basic test 1 –Desmodesmus subspicatus
|
Table. Basic test 2 –Desmodesmus subspicatus
|
Description of key information
Ethanedinitrile: The substance will stay in the air based on its physical and chemical properties and will not transfer to other environmental compartments such as soil and water as confirmed by models in the environmental fate part of dossier (10.3 Fate and behaviour in air). Literature data suggest range from 5.3 to 30,000 ug CN/L for LOEC, EC50 and NOEC data towards 8 algal or cyanobacterial species Gensemer et al. (2005).
Hydrogencyanide: The results of Algal Growth Inhibition Test with exposure of Scenedesmus (Desmodesmus) subspicatus to hydrogen cyanide are: EbC50 (0-72h) = 0.04 mg.L-1 ErC50 (0-72h) = 0.12 mg.L-1
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- EC50 for freshwater algae:
- 1.79 mg/L
Additional information
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.