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EC number: 265-181-2 | CAS number: 64742-78-5 A complex combination of hydrocarbons obtained by treating an atmospheric tower residuum with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst under conditions primarily to remove organic sulfur compounds. It consists of hydrocarbons having carbon numbers predominantly greater than C20 and boiling above approximately 350°C (662°F). This stream is likely to contain 5 wt. % or more of 4- to 6-membered condensed ring aromatic hydrocarbons.
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Genetic toxicity: in vitro
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- in vitro gene mutation study in bacteria
- Remarks:
- Type of genotoxicity: gene mutation
- Type of information:
- migrated information: read-across based on grouping of substances (category approach)
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Near-guideline, GLP-compliant study. Adequate for assessment.
- Justification for type of information:
- The standard OECD 471 test is not suitable to test petroleum UVCBs, because it has a tendency to produce false negatives for these substances. Therefore, the petroleum industry has developed a Modified Ames assay, optimized to accurately identify positive results for this endpoint. This deviation from the prescribed testing procedure requires some further explanation which is given in the attached document. The document gives a brief history of the development of the Modified Ames test and outlines Concawe’s proposed work (as part of a wider testing strategy, see Annex 13) to further support the use of this test for PS.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 986
- Report date:
- 1986
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 471 (Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay)
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Salmonella typhimurium TA98 exposed using either a standard plate incorporation assay or a modified protocol (8-fold increase in S9; 3-fold increase in NADP)
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Type of assay:
- bacterial gene mutation assay
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- 64741-62-4
- Cas Number:
- 64741-62-4
- IUPAC Name:
- 64741-62-4
- Test material form:
- other: Viscous hydrocarbon liquid
- Details on test material:
- Catalytic cracked clarified oil (CCCO), CAS No. 64741-62-4.
Sample No API 81-15
Gravity degrees API: 0.1
Specific gravity: 1.0753
Viscosity in SUS 210 °F: 56.1
Flash Pt °F: 396
Ash, weight %: 0.05
Sulfur weight %:1.1
Pour Pt °F: 35
Asphaltenes (MM-596): 4.2 %
Carbon residue in weight %: 4.6
Constituent 1
Method
- Target gene:
- hisD3052
Species / strain
- Species / strain / cell type:
- S. typhimurium TA 98
- Details on mammalian cell type (if applicable):
- not applicable
- Additional strain / cell type characteristics:
- not applicable
- Metabolic activation:
- with
- Metabolic activation system:
- Aroclor 1254-induced rat S9
- Test concentrations with justification for top dose:
- Trial 1: 1000, 5000, 10000, 25000, 50000 ug/plate
Trial 2: 33, 100, 333, 1000, 3333 ug/plate - Vehicle / solvent:
- DMSO
Controls
- Untreated negative controls:
- no
- Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
- yes
- Remarks:
- DMSO
- True negative controls:
- no
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Positive control substance:
- other: 2-aminoanthracene (4 ug); perylene (50 ug)
- Details on test system and experimental conditions:
- Standard plate incorporation assay: 10% Aroclor 1254- induced rat S9 homogenate mix per ml; 4 mM NADP
Modified protocol: 80% S9 homogenate per ml; 12 mM NADP
Testing performed twice (independent repeat)
2-aminoanthracene and perylene used as positive control substances - Evaluation criteria:
- Doubling in mutation frequency
- Statistics:
- None reported
Results and discussion
Test results
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 98
- Metabolic activation:
- with
- Genotoxicity:
- positive
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- cytotoxicity
- Remarks:
- >10000 ug/plate
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- not applicable
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Remarks on result:
- other: strain/cell type: Modified Ames assay using Salmonella typhimurium strain TA98
- Remarks:
- Migrated from field 'Test system'.
Any other information on results incl. tables
In both cases, significant and reproducible dose-dependent increases in the number of revertants were obtained.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Interpretation of results (migrated information):
positive
positive in Salmonella typhimurium TA98 in vitro with and without metabolic activation - Executive summary:
The mutagenic potential of catalytic cracked clarified oil (up to 50000 µg/plate; sample API 81-15) was investigated in a non-guideline GLP-compliant study. Four separate tests were conducted in duplicate using S. typhimurium strain TA 98 in the presence of either 10% Aroclor 1254-induced rat liver S9 mix and 4 mM NADP or 80% S9 mix and 12 mM NADP; 2-aminoanthracene and perylene were used as positive control substances. A two-fold increase in revertants per plate was regarded as a positive response.
The test substance was positive in all 4 tests, with the number of revertants increased maximally 13.1, 27.8, 44 and 46.3-fold, respectively over solvent controls. The largest increase in revertants occurred in the assays activated with 80% S-9 and 12 mM NADP. A satisfactory response was obtained with the positive control substances.
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