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EC number: 239-387-8 | CAS number: 15356-60-2
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data

Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
There is neither mutagenic nor cytogenic data for D-menthol (CAS 15356-60-2) but several datas on a menthol isomer called also "D-Menthol" (CAS 15356 -70 -4). To sustain our argumentation we built a weight of evidence based on all menthols isomers.
The number of the tests performed, the nature of the test items, the protocols used and the results obtained are scientifically acceptable to evaluate this endpoint sufficiently.
Justification for Read-across:
Based on the comparable profiles on OECD-Toolbox of the different menthols we can use them for read across studies. These isomers are L-menthol (CAS 2216-51-5), D-menthol (CAS 15356-60-2) and DL-menthol (CAS 89-78-1)
Moreover, a comparative physico-chemical profile of these isomers reinforces this similarity. As structural isomers, the members of the menthol category share the same molecular weight. Of particular importance to environmental effects and human effects are the values for partition coefficient (log Kow around 3), vapour pressure (from 17 Pa at 25°C for the DL-menthol to 21 Pa 25°C for the natural L-menthol ) and water solubility ( moderately soluble from 410 mg/l at 25°C for the natural L-menthol to 470 mg/l at 25°C for the DL-menthol). The read across is consistent based on these physico-chemical parameters.
Details on endpoint datas:
L-menthol was neither mutagenic in in vitro gene mutation study in bacteria (Ames test), nor genotoxic on mammalian cells.
Moreover with menthol racemic, no mutagenicity was observed in several published bacterial studies. Recently, no mutagenicity of the substance menthol racemic was confirmed in a study (GLP) with five mutant strains of Salmonella typhimurium according OECD 471 guideline. Several publications support the non genotoxicity of menthol racemic. However, two in vivo studies revealed positive results in replicative DNA synthesis in mice and in rat.
Structure/activity relations and computer systems compiled under OECD-Toolbox don’t flag up any structural alerts, any DNA and protein binding potential on D-menthol and its isomers.
Moreover, a series of in vitro tests on the "D-menthol" (CAS 15356 -70-4) and the isomeric mixture do not suspect any mutagenic or genotoxic potential.
These evidences are strengthened by an in vivo test performed recently on the mixture of isomeric form (OECD / GLP).
Overall, we can conclude that D-menthol and its isomers have not genotoxic or carcinogenic hazard. Subsequently, additional carcinogenicity test can be waived based on the weight of evidence approach.
Endpoint Conclusion: No adverse effect observed (negative)
Justification for classification or non-classification
Due to the weight of evidence approach we can assume that D-menthol does not need to be classified for this endpoint.
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