Biphenyl-4-ol

Endpoint summary

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Genetic toxicity in vitro

Link to relevant study records

Reference

Endpoint:

in vitro cytogenicity / chromosome aberration study in mammalian cells

Remarks:

Type of genotoxicity: chromosome aberration

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: OECD guideline and GLP compliant study, completely adequate for assessment.

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 473 (In Vitro Mammalian Chromosome Aberration Test)

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Type of assay:

in vitro mammalian chromosome aberration test

Species / strain / cell type:

lymphocytes:

Metabolic activation:

with and without

Metabolic activation system:

Arochlor 1254 treated rat liver S9

Test concentrations with justification for top dose:

8.75, 17.5, 35, 70 and 90 ug/mL both in presence and absence of S9

Vehicle / solvent:

DMSO

Untreated negative controls:

yes

Negative solvent / vehicle controls:

yes

True negative controls:

no

Positive controls:

yes

Remarks:

cyclophosphamide (40 ug/mL +S9, mitomycin-C (0.3 ug/mL) -S9

Details on test system and experimental conditions:

METHOD OF APPLICATION: in medium

DURATION
- Preincubation period: 48 hours
- Exposure duration: Phases I and III, 3 hours 30 mins; Phase II, 24 hours

Evaluation criteria:

The test was considered to have shown clastogenic activity if the following criteria were met:
1. Increased frequency of metaphases with aberrant chromosomes observed at one or more test concentrations (concentration-related).
2. Increases were reproducible between replicate cultures and between tests (when treatment conditions are the same).
3. Increases in percent aberrant metaphases were statistically significant.
4. Increases in percent aberrant metaphases were not associated with large changes in pH and osmolality of the treatment medium.
Historical control data from the laboratory were also considered in the evaluation.
An increase in the number of polyploidy cells indicates that the test item has the potential to inhibit mitotic processes and to induce numerical chromosome aberration. Biological relevance was considered first. The test item was considered non-mutagenic if the results did not meet the above-mentioned criteria.

Statistics:

Gaps and polyploidy were not included in the calculation of total aberration frequency. Data on mitotic index, polyploidy and percent aberrant cells were subjected to Bartlett's test to meet the homogeneity of variance before conducting Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Dunnett's t-test (Gad and Weil, 1994). Where the data did not meet the homogeneity of variance, Student's t-test was performed to determine the level of significance between the negative control and three selected test concentrations (selected based on the mitotic index data) and positive controls.

Species / strain:

lymphocytes:

Metabolic activation:

with and without

Genotoxicity:

negative

Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:

cytotoxicity

Vehicle controls validity:

valid

Positive controls validity:

valid

Conclusions:

p-PP did not show any potential to induce chromosomal aberrations, both in the absence and presence (2 and 4% v/v S9) of metbolic activation system under the present experimental conditions.

Executive summary:

p-PP did not show any potential to induce chromosomal aberrations, both in the absence and presence (2 and 4% v/v S9) of metbolic activation system under the present experimental conditions.

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

no adverse effect observed (negative)

Additional information

Additional information from genetic toxicity in vitro:

Genetic toxicity in vitro:

- Mutagenicity study by microorganisms: As a result of testing Mutagenicity against each strain TA100, TA1535, TA98, TA1538 and E.coli WP2 uvrA of test substance P-PP with reference to practice standards of Ordinance on Industrial Safety and Hygiene, this substance didn’t show any mutagenicity against all the used strain, both when metabolic activation (S9-mix was added) was implemented and when it wasn’t implemented.

- No mutagenicity is observed in the substance P-PP under the conditions of this test.

- In Vitro Mammalian Chromosome Aberration Test of P-PP in Human Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes: From the results of this study, it is concluded that P-PP did not show any potential to induce chromosomal aberrations, both in the absence and presence (2 and 4% v/v S9) of metabolic activation system under the present experimental conditions.