Dibutyltin maleate

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Description of key information

The following study was submitted to fulfil the data requirement of short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates: 
Hooftman R. N. and De Wolf J. M. (2003). 1,3,2-Dioxastannepin-4,7-dione, 2,2-dibutyl-(dibutyltin maleate, CAS # 78-04-6): Static acute toxicity test with the crustacean species Daphnia magna. Testing laboratory: TNO, Project Organisation, Ecotoxicology, Utrechtseweg 48, P. O. Box 360, 3700 AJ Zeist, The Netherlands. Report no.: V4017/04. Owner company: Organotin Environmental Programme (ORTEP) Association, Stabilizer Task Force. Report date: 2003-09-15.
In this static acute GLP  toxicity test performed according guidelines OECD 202 and EU C.2, with the crustacean species Daphnia magna study, the 48h EC50 for the test material was calculated to be 0.21 mg/L (2.7 vol. % of the saturated solution) and the observed 48h No Observale Effect Concentration (NOEC) was 0.079 mg/L (1.0 vol% of the saturated solution), based on the mobility and condition of the test animals, respectively.
The following study was provided as supporting for the endpointl:
Steger-Hartmann, T. & Schmidt, M. (1998). Acute immobilization test of di-n-butyltin oxide (ZK 26385) with Daphnia magna. Testing laboratory: Schering AG, Experimentelle Toxikologie, D-13342 Berlin, Germany. Report no.: IC26. Owner company: Schering AG, Experimentelle Toxikologie, Berlin, Germany. Study number: TXST19980203. Report date: 1998-12-03.
The study was performed to OECD 202, however as the study was performed on the read-across substance dibutyltin oxide, the study was assigned a reliability score of 2. The 48 hour EC50 for  for DBTO was determined to be 2.0 mg/l based on Total organic Carbon (TOC) concentration analysis. The highest concentration with no effect was 1.1 mg/l. 

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water invertebrates

Fresh water invertebrates

Effect concentration:

0.21 mg/L

Additional information

The following studies have been submitted to address the short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates endpoint:

Hooftman R. N. and De Wolf J. M. (2003). 1,3,2-Dioxastannepin-4,7-dione, 2,2-dibutyl-(dibutyltin maleate, CAS # 78-04-6): Static acute toxicity test with the crustacean species Daphnia magna. Testing laboratory: TNO, Project Organisation, Ecotoxicology, Utrechtseweg 48, P. O. Box 360, 3700 AJ Zeist, The Netherlands. Report no.: V4017/04. Owner company: Organotin Environmental Programme (ORTEP) Association, Stabilizer Task Force. Report date: 2003-09-15.

Steger-Hartmann, T. & Schmidt, M. (1998). Acute immobilization test of di-n-butyltin oxide (ZK 26385) with Daphnia magna. Testing laboratory: Schering AG, Experimentelle Toxikologie, D-13342 Berlin, Germany. Report no.: IC26. Owner company: Schering AG, Experimentelle Toxikologie, Berlin, Germany. Study number: TXST19980203. Report date: 1998-12-03.

Result: The EC50 for 48 hours for di-n-butyltin oxide was determined to be 2.0 mg/l based on Total organic Carbon (TOC) concentration analysis. The highest concentration with no effect was 1.1 mg/l.

Study Hooftman and De Wolf (2003) has been performed in line with the appropriate guideline and to GLP and has been allocated a Klimsich score of 1. This study is considered to be the key study for this endpoint.

Study Steger-Hartmann and Schmidt (1998) has been performed in line with the appropriate guideline but using dibutyltin oxide as the test material. The study has been allocated a Klimisch score of 2 and so is considered to be a supporting study due to the fact that it is known that the organotin ligand with hydrolyse to this form over time.