Ammonium bromide

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Reference 1

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

supporting study

Study period:

1977

Reliability:

4 (not assignable)

GLP compliance:

no

Specific details on test material used for the study:

Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
Ammonium bromide is an inorganic salt that dissociates to its composite ions in aqueous solutions at environmental pH and temperature. Comparison of the available data on the various bromide salts have shown that the bromide ion is the relevant ion for determination of the toxicological profile with simple cations such as potassium, sodium or ammonium, that are ubiquitous in nature, having little or no influence on the bromide ion properties. It is therefore justified to read-across data from other inorganic bromide salts to ammonium bromide.

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Limit test:

no

Duration:

24 h

Dose descriptor:

LC0

Effect conc.:

5 970 mg/L

Duration:

24 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

7 000 mg/L

Test result is equivalent to: LC50 = 5430 mg(Br-)/L for the bromide ion

Reference 2

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

supporting study

Study period:

1979

Reliability:

4 (not assignable)

GLP compliance:

no

Specific details on test material used for the study:

Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
Ammonium bromide is an inorganic salt that dissociates to its composite ions in aqueous solutions at environmental pH and temperature. Comparison of the available data on the various bromide salts have shown that the bromide ion is the relevant ion for determination of the toxicological profile with simple cations such as potassium, sodium or ammonium, that are ubiquitous in nature, having little or no influence on the bromide ion properties. It is therefore justified to read-across data from other inorganic bromide salts to ammonium bromide.

Analytical monitoring:

not specified

Test organisms (species):

other: not stated

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

8 800 mg/L

Test result is equivalent to: EC50 6830 mg(Br-)/L for the bromide ion

Reference 3

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

supporting study

Study period:

1983

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Guideline:

other: Dutch Standardisation Organisation (1980; NEN 6501, 6502, 6504 & 6506)

GLP compliance:

no

Specific details on test material used for the study:

Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
Ammonium bromide is an inorganic salt that dissociates to its composite ions in aqueous solutions at environmental pH and temperature. Comparison of the available data on the various bromide salts have shown that the bromide ion is the relevant ion for determination of the toxicological profile with simple cations such as potassium, sodium or ammonium, that are ubiquitous in nature, having little or no influence on the bromide ion properties. It is therefore justified to read-across data from other inorganic bromide salts to ammonium bromide.

Analytical monitoring:

no

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Test type:

static

Limit test:

no

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

14.1 g/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

other: NOLC

Effect conc.:

10 g/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

7.5 g/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

5.2 g/L

Test result is equivalent to: LC50 = 10.9 g(Br-)/L for the bromide ion

Reference 4

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

1988

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EPA OPP 72-2 (Aquatic Invertebrate Acute Toxicity Test)

GLP compliance:

yes

Specific details on test material used for the study:

Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
Ammonium bromide is an inorganic salt that dissociates to its composite ions in aqueous solutions at environmental pH and temperature. Comparison of the available data on the various bromide salts have shown that the bromide ion is the relevant ion for determination of the toxicological profile with simple cations such as potassium, sodium or ammonium, that are ubiquitous in nature, having little or no influence on the bromide ion properties. It is therefore justified to read-across data from other inorganic bromide salts to ammonium bromide.

Analytical monitoring:

no

Details on sampling:

Dissolved oxygen, pH and temperature were measured and recorded daily in each test chamber.

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

Criteria Details
Source Well water
Alkalinity 224 – 336 ppm CaCO3
Hardness 206 – 275 ppm CaCO3
pH 7.6 – 8.4
Ca / Mg ratio Not stated
Na / K ratio Not stated
Oxygen content 7.4-9.1 ppm
Conductance 500 – 650 mhos/cm
Holding water different from dilution water No

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Details on test organisms:

Criteria Details
Strain Daphnia magna
Source Cultured at ABC facilities
Age < 24 hrs old
Breeding method Not stated
Kind of food Algae (Selenastrum capricornutum) supplemented with a suspension of Tetramin®, cereal leaved, vitamin solution and yeast
Amount of food Not stated
Feeding frequency At least every 3 days prior to the beginning of the test
Pretreatment Acclimation (period not stated)
Feeding of animals during test No

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

48 h

Post exposure observation period:

no details

Hardness:

206 – 275 ppm CaCO3

Test temperature:

19 degree C

pH:

7.6 – 8.4

Dissolved oxygen:

8.3-8.5 mg/L

Salinity:

not stated

Nominal and measured concentrations:

0, 100, 180, 320, 560, 1000 mg/L

Details on test conditions:

Criteria
Details
Renewal of test solution
No
Volume of test vessels
250 mL
Volume/animal
40 mL/daphnid
Number of animals/vessel
5 daphnids/vessel
Number of vessels/ concentration
1
Test performed in closed vessels due to significant volatility of TS
No
Quality/Intensity of irradiation
50-70 foot candles
Photoperiod
16 h photoperiod daily

Reference substance (positive control):

no

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

>= 1 000 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

>= 1 000 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Details on results:

No immobility was observed over the concentration range analysed

Results with reference substance (positive control):

no further details

Reported statistics and error estimates:

Statistical analysis of the concentration vs. effect data (immobility for this study) was attempted by employing a computerised LC50 (EC50) program developed by Stephan et al. This program calculated the EC50 statistic and its 95 percent confidence limits using the binomial, the moving average and the probit tests if data permitted. However if no immobility occurred or if a dose response could not be demonstrated over a reasonable range (<37% to >63%) an EC50 and/or its 95 percent confidence limits could not be calculated.

Test result is equivalent to: EC50 >776 mg(Br-)/L for the bromide ion

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

The acute toxicity of Daphnia magna over 48 h under static conditions with 5 concentrations of test substance according to US EPA-FIFRA, guideline 72-2.
No immobility or other abnormal effects were observed in any of the dose groups. Therefore the 48 h EC50 is >1000 mg/L sodium bromide. A 95% confidence interval could not be established due to the lack of immobility/adverse effects seen at any of the doses used.
The 48 h NOEC was 1000 mg/L sodium bromide.
See validity criteria summarized in table A7_4_1_1(4)-7. Validity criteria are not completely fulfilled.

Reference 5

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

supporting study

Study period:

1995

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

GLP compliance:

no

Specific details on test material used for the study:

Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
Ammonium bromide is an inorganic salt that dissociates to its composite ions in aqueous solutions at environmental pH and temperature. Comparison of the available data on the various bromide salts have shown that the bromide ion is the relevant ion for determination of the toxicological profile with simple cations such as potassium, sodium or ammonium, that are ubiquitous in nature, having little or no influence on the bromide ion properties. It is therefore justified to read-across data from other inorganic bromide salts to ammonium bromide.

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Test type:

static

Limit test:

no

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

8.9 g/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Test result is equivalent to: EC50 6.9 g(Br-)/L for the bromide ion

Reference 6

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

supporting study

Study period:

1946

Reliability:

4 (not assignable)

Guideline:

other:

Specific details on test material used for the study:

Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
Ammonium bromide is an inorganic salt that dissociates to its composite ions in aqueous solutions at environmental pH and temperature. Comparison of the available data on the various bromide salts have shown that the bromide ion is the relevant ion for determination of the toxicological profile with simple cations such as potassium, sodium or ammonium, that are ubiquitous in nature, having little or no influence on the bromide ion properties. It is therefore justified to read-across data from other inorganic bromide salts to ammonium bromide.

Analytical monitoring:

not specified

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Test type:

other: not stated

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

other: Toxicity threshold

Effect conc.:

8 200 mg/L

Test result is equivalent to: 6360 mg(Br-)/L for the bromide ion

Reference 7

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

supporting study

Study period:

1991

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)

GLP compliance:

no

Specific details on test material used for the study:

Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
Ammonium bromide is an inorganic salt that dissociates to its composite ions in aqueous solutions at environmental pH and temperature. Comparison of the available data on the various bromide salts have shown that the bromide ion is the relevant ion for determination of the toxicological profile with simple cations such as potassium, sodium or ammonium, that are ubiquitous in nature, having little or no influence on the bromide ion properties. It is therefore justified to read-across data from other inorganic bromide salts to ammonium bromide.

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Test type:

flow-through

Limit test:

no

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

6.7 - 9.3 g/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Six clonal variants of Daphnia magna were investigated. The EC50 values varied from 6.7 to 9.3 g/L. Test result is equivalent to: EC50 5.2 - 7.2 g(Br-)/L for the bromide ion

Reference 8

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

supporting study

Study period:

2005

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

GLP compliance:

no

Specific details on test material used for the study:

Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
Ammonium bromide is an inorganic salt that dissociates to its composite ions in aqueous solutions at environmental pH and temperature. Comparison of the available data on the various bromide salts have shown that the bromide ion is the relevant ion for determination of the toxicological profile with simple cations such as potassium, sodium or ammonium, that are ubiquitous in nature, having little or no influence on the bromide ion properties. It is therefore justified to read-across data from other inorganic bromide salts to ammonium bromide.

Analytical monitoring:

no

Test organisms (species):

Artemia salina

Test type:

static

Limit test:

no

Duration:

24 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

42.42 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Test result is equivalent to: EC50 32.92 mg(Br-)/L for the bromide ion

Reference 9

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

supporting study

Study period:

1986

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Guideline:

other:

GLP compliance:

no

Specific details on test material used for the study:

Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
Ammonium bromide is an inorganic salt that dissociates to its composite ions in aqueous solutions at environmental pH and temperature. Comparison of the available data on the various bromide salts have shown that the bromide ion is the relevant ion for determination of the toxicological profile with simple cations such as potassium, sodium or ammonium, that are ubiquitous in nature, having little or no influence on the bromide ion properties. It is therefore justified to read-across data from other inorganic bromide salts to ammonium bromide.

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Test type:

other:

Limit test:

no

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

14 100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Test result is equivalent to: EC50 10940 mg(Br-)/L for the bromide ion

Reference 10

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

supporting study

Study period:

1989

Reliability:

4 (not assignable)

GLP compliance:

no

Specific details on test material used for the study:

Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
Ammonium bromide is an inorganic salt that dissociates to its composite ions in aqueous solutions at environmental pH and temperature. Comparison of the available data on the various bromide salts have shown that the bromide ion is the relevant ion for determination of the toxicological profile with simple cations such as potassium, sodium or ammonium, that are ubiquitous in nature, having little or no influence on the bromide ion properties. It is therefore justified to read-across data from other inorganic bromide salts to ammonium bromide.

Analytical monitoring:

no

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Duration:

24 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

7 219 mg/L

Conc. based on:

other: Bromide ions

Results are given as mg (Br-)/L

Reference 11

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

supporting study

Study period:

1991

Reliability:

4 (not assignable)

GLP compliance:

not specified

Specific details on test material used for the study:

Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
Ammonium bromide is an inorganic salt that dissociates to its composite ions in aqueous solutions at environmental pH and temperature. Comparison of the available data on the various bromide salts have shown that the bromide ion is the relevant ion for determination of the toxicological profile with simple cations such as potassium, sodium or ammonium, that are ubiquitous in nature, having little or no influence on the bromide ion properties. It is therefore justified to read-across data from other inorganic bromide salts to ammonium bromide.

Analytical monitoring:

not specified

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Test type:

not specified

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

11 000 mg/L

Test result is equivalent to: EC50 8540 mg(Br-)/L for the bromide ion

Reference 12

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

supporting study

Study period:

1991

Reliability:

4 (not assignable)

Guideline:

other: E01-03:no data

GLP compliance:

not specified

Specific details on test material used for the study:

Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
Ammonium bromide is an inorganic salt that dissociates to its composite ions in aqueous solutions at environmental pH and temperature. Comparison of the available data on the various bromide salts have shown that the bromide ion is the relevant ion for determination of the toxicological profile with simple cations such as potassium, sodium or ammonium, that are ubiquitous in nature, having little or no influence on the bromide ion properties. It is therefore justified to read-across data from other inorganic bromide salts to ammonium bromide.

Analytical monitoring:

not specified

Test organisms (species):

other: Hydra oligactis

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

5 600 mg/L

Test result is equivalent to: EC50 4350 mg(Br-)/L for the bromide ion

Description of key information

Sodium bromide is not considered toxic to invertebrates based on the LC50 value of >1000 mg/L. The no-effect concentration was established as 1000 mg/L for sodium bromide.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water invertebrates

Fresh water invertebrates

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect concentration:

> 1 000 mg/L

Additional information

Ammonium bromide is an inorganic salt that dissociates to its composite ions in aqueous solutions at environmental pH and temperature. Comparison of the available data on the various bromide salts have shown that the bromide ion is the relevant ion for determination of the toxicological profile with simple cations such as potassium, sodium or ammonium, that are ubiquitous in nature, having little or no influence on the bromide ion properties. It is therefore justified to read-across data from other inorganic bromide salts to ammonium bromide.

Sodium bromide is not considered toxic to invertebrates based on the LC₅₀value of >1000 mg/L found in a study on Daphnia magna performed to the requirements of EPA OPP 72-2. The no-effect concentration was established as 1000 mg/L for sodium bromide.