tert-pentyl 2-ethylperoxyhexanoate

Toxicity to terrestrial plants

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

toxicity to terrestrial plants: long-term

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

2016-01-13 to 2016-02-10

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 208 (Terrestrial Plants Test: Seedling Emergence and Seedling Growth Test)

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Analytical monitoring:

no

Details on sampling:

None

Vehicle:

yes

Remarks:

Quartz sand

Details on preparation and application of test substrate:

The control and test item treatments were applied once at the beginning of the study. Due to large soil amounts per concentration, several batches were prepared per concentration and applied separately.
The soil amounts per batch and number of prepared batches per test concentration and control are listed below:
Control, 1000 - 333 - 111 - 37.0 - 12.3 mg/kg DW:
Overall soil amount: 28.8 kg soil dry weight
Number of batches: 4
Soil amount per batch: 7.2 kg soil dry weight
4.12 - 1.37 mg/kg DW:
Overall soil amount: 10.2 kg soil dry weight
Number of batches: 2
Soil amount per batch: 5.1 kg soil dry weight

Application technique
The respective test item amount was weighed out for each concentration and blended thoroughly with quartz sand (1 % of the entire soil amount per concentration). Afterwards the test item - quartz sand mixture and an appropriate amount of demineralised water (adjusting the soil to a moisture of 50 % of the maximum water holding capacity (WHC)) were added to the soil. Subsequently, the soil was mixed carefully with a mixer
(2-3 min) to ensure a homogeneous distribution.
The treated soil was transferred to the test container and the seeds were sown after an equilibration period of at least 60 minutes (see above).

Species:

Avena sativa

Plant group:

Monocotyledonae (monocots)

Details on test organisms:

- Common name: Oats
- Plant family: Poaceae
- Variety: Flämingsgold
- Source of seed: KWS Lochow GmbH, 29303 Bergen, Germany
- Prior seed treatment / sterilization: No
- Seed storage: The seeds were stored dark at the test facility at room temperature (22 ± 10 °C) and protected from moisture until use.

Species:

Allium cepa

Plant group:

Monocotyledonae (monocots)

Details on test organisms:

- Common name: Onion
- Plant family: Liliaceae
- Variety: Exhibition
- Source of seed: Hild Samen GmbH, 71666 Marbach, Germany
- Prior seed treatment / sterilization: No
- Seed storage: The seeds were stored dark at the test facility at room temperature (22 ± 10 °C) and protected from moisture until use.

Species:

Beta vulgaris

Plant group:

Dicotyledonae (dicots)

Details on test organisms:

- Common name: Sugar beet
- Plant family: Amaranthaceae
- Variety: Finola KWS
- Source of seed: KWS Saat SE, 37574 Einbeck, Germany
- Prior seed treatment / sterilization: No
- Seed storage: The seeds were stored dark at the test facility at room temperature (22 ± 10 °C) and protected from moisture until use.

Species:

Brassica napus

Plant group:

Dicotyledonae (dicots)

Details on test organisms:

- Common name: Rape
- Plant family: Brassicaceae
- Variety: Sherlock
- Source of seed: KWS Saat SE, 37574 Einbeck, Germany
- Prior seed treatment / sterilization: No
- Seed storage: The seeds were stored dark at the test facility at room temperature (22 ± 10 °C) and protected from moisture until use.

Species:

Daucus carota

Plant group:

Dicotyledonae (dicots)

Details on test organisms:

- Common name: Carrot
- Plant family: Umbelliferae
- Variety: Sugarsnax 54, F1
- Source of seed: Hild Samen GmbH, 71666 Marbach, Germany
- Prior seed treatment / sterilization: No
- Seed storage: The seeds were stored dark at the test facility at room temperature (22 ± 10 °C) and protected from moisture until use.

Species:

Glycine max (G. soja)

Plant group:

Dicotyledonae (dicots)

Details on test organisms:

- Common name: Soybean
- Plant family: Fabaceae
- Variety: Tourmaline
- Source of seed: Farmsaat AG, 48351 Everswinkel, Germany
- Prior seed treatment / sterilization: No
- Seed storage: The seeds were stored dark at the test facility at room temperature (22 ± 10 °C) and protected from moisture until use.

Test type:

seedling emergence toxicity test

Study type:

laboratory study

Substrate type:

other: A 2:1 mixture of natural soil LUFA 2.2 and quartz sand was used.

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

21 d

Remarks:

Onion and carrot: 28d

Test temperature:

nominal: 20 +/- 2 °C; actual: 11.2 - 25.3 °C

Moisture:

Relative humidity:
Nominal: 70 25 %; actual: 33.1 - 94.6%

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Testing facility: Noack Laboratorien GmbH
- Test container (type, material, size): Non-porous plastic containers (standard flower pots) with a diameter of ca. 12 cm were used. The pots were labelled with the study number and all necessary additional information to ensure unique identification.
- Amount of soil:
Soil amount per test concentration and control:
The soil amounts per batch and number of prepared batches per test concentration and control are listed below:
Control, 1000 - 333 - 111 - 37.0 - 12.3 mg/kg DW:
Overall soil amount: 28.8 kg soil dry weight
Number of batches: 4

Soil amount per batch: 7.2 kg soil dry weight
4.12 - 1.37 mg/kg DW:
Overall soil amount: 10.2 kg soil dry weight
Number of batches: 2
Soil amount per batch: 5.1 kg soil dry weight

Soil amount per replicate: 0.7 kg

- Method of seeding: Test containers were filled each with the same amount of treated soil (see application technique) and seeding holes were made with a seedling pistil. One seed was given into each hole and covered with soil.
- No. of seeds per container: 5 seeds per test container (soybean: 3)
- No. of replicates per treatment group: 8 replicates
- No. of replicates per control: 8 replicates

SOURCE AND PROPERTIES OF SUBSTRATE (if soil)
A 2:1 mixture of natural soil LUFA 2.2 (batch number: Sp2.23916) and quartz sand (12a) was used.
Grain size: <= 0.2 mm
Carbon content: 0.943 %
pH-value: 6.14 ± 0.03

NUTRIENT MEDIUM (if used)
- Description:
Fertilizer: HAKAPHOS® SOFT SPEZIAL 16+8+22(+3) (0.5 ‰)
Origin: GRÜNES LANDHAUS, St. Godehard-Str. 23, 31139 Hildesheim, Germany

Nutrient Concentration [%]
Ammonium nitrogen 9.7
Nitrate nitrogen 6.3
P2O5 8
Potassium oxide 22
Magnesium oxide 3
Boron 0.03
Iron (Chelate) 0.15
Copper 0.02
Manganese 0.05
Molybdenum 0.005
Zinc 0.015


GROWTH CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: 16 h
- Light source: Special-fluorescent tube Fluora and Daylight (OSRAM)
- Light intensity and quality: nominal: > 3500 lx; actual: 4821 ± 445 lx
- Temperatures: 11.2 - 25.3 °C
- Relative humidity (%): 33.1 - 94.6 %

ACCLIMATION PERIOD: None

EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
During the 21 - 28 day observation period (from day of application) the plants were observed every 7 days for number of emerged seedlings, number of dead plants and visual phytotoxic effects.
The rating of the treated plants was done in relation to the untreated control plants. Observations included all variations, either inhibitory or stimulatory, between the treated replicates and the untreated controls. Such variations may be phytotoxic symptoms (e.g. chlorosis, necrosis, wilting), formative effects of growth and development rates.
At the end of the study the shoot heights (in cm) and the shoot fresh weights of the shoots (in g) were measured additionally, directly after cutting the plants at the soil surface.
The shoot height was measured per plant. Average mean values per replicate were calculated. The shoot fresh weight was determined for all plants from the same pot and considered as one replicate.

- Phytotoxicity rating system (if used):
Observation Parameters
(1) Alteration of form and appearance (deformation)
(1.1) Curling / twisting / sticking or other deformation of the leaves
(1.2) Change of appearance
(1.3) Shoot deformations
(1.4) Wilting
(1.5) Leaf shedding
(1.6) Shedding of the leaf apex
(1.7) Stunted growth
(2) Discolouration of the leaves
(2.1) Lighter green
(2.2) Darker green
(2.3) Chlorosis
(2.3.1) Spots
(2.3.2) Whole leaf
(2.3.3) Veins
(2.3.4) Between veins
(2.3.5) Marginal
(2.4) Loss of colour
(2.5) Discolouration of the leaves
(2.6) Discolouration of the veins
(2.7) Discolouration of the shoot
(3) Alteration of the leaf cells
(3.1) Necrosis
(3.1.1) Spots
(3.1.2) Marginal
(3.1.3) Apical
(3.1.4) Between veins
(3.1.5) Whole leaf
(3.1.6) Veins
(E) Dead plant (Number of dead plants)

Assessment of the Effects
- = no effects observed / normal growth
+/- = slight effects
+ = medium effects
++ = strong effects 

VEHICLE CONTROL PERFORMED: no

TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: 3
- Range finding study
The preliminary study was performed under the same environmental conditions and test duration as the definitive study.

Inhibition of Shoot Fresh Weight
Test concentration
[mg/kg DW] Inhibition [%]
Oats Onion Sugar beet Rape Carrot Soy-bean
10 4 20 14 -16 -28 -4
100 39 40 41 8 25 18
1000 80 76 91 78 54 55

Inhibition of Rate of Emergence
Test concentration
[mg/kg DW] Inhibition [%]
Oats Onion Sugar beet Rape Carrot Soy-bean
10 0 5 -6 0 35 10
100 -5 26 17 -5 0 10
1000 16 74 61 26 24 0
Negative values = promoted growth DW = soil dry weight

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Nominal:
1000 - 333 - 111 - 37.0 - 12.3 mg/kg DW (factor 3)
For the plant species onion and sugar beet 4.12 and 1.37 mg/kg DW were tested additionally.

Reference substance (positive control):

no

Species:

Avena sativa

Duration:

21 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

12.3 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

other: shoot fresh weight

Species:

Avena sativa

Duration:

21 d

Dose descriptor:

EC25

Effect conc.:

55.9 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

other: shoot fresh weight

Remarks on result:

other: 43.6 - 69.3

Species:

Avena sativa

Duration:

21 d

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

112 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

other: shoot fresh weight

Remarks on result:

other: 95.8 - 133

Species:

Avena sativa

Duration:

21 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

333 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

germination

Species:

Avena sativa

Duration:

21 d

Dose descriptor:

EC25

Effect conc.:

622 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

germination

Remarks on result:

other: 348 - 975

Species:

Avena sativa

Duration:

21 d

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

> 1 000 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

germination

Species:

Allium cepa

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

111 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

other: shoot fresh weight

Species:

Allium cepa

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

EC25

Effect conc.:

200 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

other: shoot fresh weight

Remarks on result:

other: 104 - 364

Species:

Allium cepa

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

679 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

other: shoot fresh weight

Remarks on result:

other: 308 - > 1000

Species:

Allium cepa

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

333 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

germination

Species:

Allium cepa

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

EC25

Effect conc.:

310 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

germination

Remarks on result:

other: 141 - 550

Species:

Allium cepa

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

887 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

germination

Remarks on result:

other: 591 - > 1000

Species:

Beta vulgaris

Duration:

21 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

1.37 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

other: shoot fresh weight

Species:

Beta vulgaris

Duration:

21 d

Dose descriptor:

EC25

Effect conc.:

16.5 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

other: shoot fresh weight

Remarks on result:

other: < 1.37 - 43.5

Species:

Beta vulgaris

Duration:

21 d

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

169 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

other: shoot fresh weight

Remarks on result:

other: 117 - 247

Species:

Beta vulgaris

Duration:

21 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

333 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

germination

Species:

Beta vulgaris

Duration:

21 d

Dose descriptor:

EC25

Effect conc.:

752 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

germination

Remarks on result:

other: 674 - 854

Species:

Beta vulgaris

Duration:

21 d

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

1 000 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

germination

Remarks on result:

other: 867 - > 1000

Species:

Brassica napus

Duration:

21 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

37 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

other: shoot fresh weight

Species:

Brassica napus

Duration:

21 d

Dose descriptor:

EC25

Effect conc.:

61 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

other: shoot fresh weight

Remarks on result:

other: 45.2 - 78.3

Species:

Brassica napus

Duration:

21 d

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

152 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

other: shoot fresh weight

Remarks on result:

other: 120 - 199

Species:

Brassica napus

Duration:

21 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

1 000 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

germination

Species:

Brassica napus

Duration:

21 d

Dose descriptor:

EC25

Effect conc.:

> 1 000 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

germination

Species:

Brassica napus

Duration:

21 d

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

> 1 000 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

germination

Species:

Daucus carota

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

111 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

other: shoot fresh weight

Species:

Daucus carota

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

EC25

Effect conc.:

164 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

other: shoot fresh weight

Remarks on result:

other: 106 - 256

Species:

Daucus carota

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

477 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

other: shoot fresh weight

Remarks on result:

other: 283 - > 1000

Species:

Daucus carota

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

1 000 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

germination

Species:

Daucus carota

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

EC25

Effect conc.:

> 1 000 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

germination

Species:

Daucus carota

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

> 1 000 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

germination

Species:

Glycine max (G. soja)

Duration:

21 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

111 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

other: shoot fresh weight

Species:

Glycine max (G. soja)

Duration:

21 d

Dose descriptor:

EC25

Effect conc.:

235 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

other: shoot fresh weight

Remarks on result:

other: 145 - 371

Species:

Glycine max (G. soja)

Duration:

21 d

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

> 1 000 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

other: shoot fresh weight

Species:

Glycine max (G. soja)

Duration:

21 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

1 000 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

germination

Species:

Glycine max (G. soja)

Duration:

21 d

Dose descriptor:

EC25

Effect conc.:

710 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

germination

Remarks on result:

other: 154 - > 1000

Species:

Glycine max (G. soja)

Duration:

21 d

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

> 1 000 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

germination

Details on results:

Inhibition [%] of Shoot Height, Shoot Fresh Weight and Rate of Emergence
The percentage of inhibition of shoot height, shoot fresh weight and rate of emergence is given below. The tabulated results represent rounded mean values calculated on the exact raw data.

Oats: Inhibition [%] of Shoot Height, Shoot Fresh Weight and Rate of Emergence
Test concentration
[mg/kg DW] Shoot
height
[cm] Inhibition

[%] Shoot fresh weight
[mg] Inhibition

[%] Rate of emergence
[%] Inhibition

[%]
Control 40.0 - 1094 - 90 -
12.3 40.1 0 1016 7 88 2
37.0 39.9 0 958 12 90 0
111 33.5 16 525 52 95 -6
333 24.8 38 276 75 83 8
1000 15.4 62 132 88 53 41

Onion: Inhibition [%] of Shoot Height, Shoot Fresh Weight and Rate of Emergence
Test concentration
[mg/kg DW] Shoot
height
[cm] Inhibition

[%] Shoot fresh weight
[mg] Inhibition

[%] Rate of emergence
[%] Inhibition

[%]
Control 16.1 - 191 - 93 -
1.37 16.0 1 187 2 78 16
4.12 15.4 4 183 4 93 0
12.3 15.4 4 190 1 80 14
37.0 16.8 -4 197 -3 78 16
111 14.9 7 162 15 78 16
333 12.1 25 122 36 70 25
1000 9.9 39 87 54 43 54
negative values = promoted growth
bold = statistically significant inhibition
 
Sugar Beet: Inhibition [%] of Shoot Height, Shoot Fresh Weight and Rate of Emergence
Test concentration
[mg/kg DW] Shoot
height
[cm] Inhibition

[%] Shoot fresh weight
[mg] Inhibition

[%] Rate of emergence
[%] Inhibition

[%]
Control 10.6 - 941 - 95 -
1.37 10.1 5 815 13 98 -3
4.12 9.1 14(*) 664 29 98 -3
12.3 9.6 9 711 24 93 2
37.0 9.5 10 699 26 90 5
111 8.7 18 521 45 88 7
333 7.4 30 339 64 98 -3
1000 4.9 54 106 89 48 49


Rape: Inhibition [%] of Shoot Height, Shoot Fresh Weight and Rate of Emergence
Test concentration
[mg/kg DW] Shoot
height
[cm] Inhibition

[%] Shoot fresh weight
[mg] Inhibition

[%] Rate of emergence
[%] Inhibition

[%]
Control 18.3 - 1601 - 95 -
12.3 18.5 -1 1606 0 100 -5
37.0 18.7 -2 1474 8 100 -5
111 15.9 13 845 47 98 -3
333 13.6 26 601 62 95 0
1000 8.8 52 268 83 90 5
negative values = promoted growth
bold = statistically significant inhibition
(*) = No concentration effect relationship assessed as not test item related


 
Carrot: Inhibition [%] of Shoot Height, Shoot Fresh Weight and Rate of Emergence
Test concentration
[mg/kg DW] Shoot
height
[cm] Inhibition

[%] Shoot fresh weight
[mg] Inhibition

[%] Rate of emergence
[%] Inhibition

[%]
Control 10.6 - 235 - 80 -
12.3 10.9 -3 251 -7 93 -16
37.0 10.4 2 243 -3 68 15
111 9.9 7 195 17 88 -10
333 9.0 15 137 42 85 -6
1000 7.9 25 92 61 70 13


Soybean: Inhibition [%] of Shoot Height, Shoot Fresh Weight and Rate of Emergence
Test concentration
[mg/kg DW] Shoot
height
[cm] Inhibition

[%] Shoot fresh weight
[mg] Inhibition

[%] Rate of emergence
[%] Inhibition

[%]
Control 24.2 - 2539 - 92 -
12.3 23.3 4 2577 -1 92 0
37.0 22.4 7 2385 6 71 23
111 21.7 10 2349 7 92 0
333 14.8 39 1709 33 71 23
1000 12.7 48 1536 40 67 27
negative values = promoted growth
bold = statistically significant inhibition

Results with reference substance (positive control):

No reference substance was tested.

Reported statistics and error estimates:

The percentage of inhibition of biomass growth (shoot height, shoot fresh weight) and rate of emergence were calculated in relation to the control.
Dead plants were observed, weighed and included in the calculation. No shoot height determination of dead plants was carried out.
 
NOEC of biomass growth / emergence
One Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was carried out for the determination of statistically significant differences compared to control replicates. When running a One Way Analysis of Variance, a Normality test and an Equal Variance test were done first. P-values for both, Normality and Equal Variance test, are 0.05. The alpha-value for ANOVA (acceptable probability of incorrectly concluding that there is a difference) is alpha = 0.05.
For the fresh weight of rape and the emergence of sugar beet, rape and soybean the Normality test failed.
For the shoot height of oats the Normality and the Equal Variance test failed.
For the shoot height of soybean the Equal Variance test failed.
The failure has no influence on the robustness of the study. It is only a tool for deciding whether to reject the null hypothesis (P≤a).

ED-values and confidence intervals of biomass growth / emergence
EC25 and EC50 values were calculated by sigmoidal dose-response regression using GraphPadPrism. Calculation of the confidence intervals for EC-values was carried out using standard procedures.

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

Potential toxic effects of the test item were assessed on day 7, 14 and 21 (onion and carrot additionally day 28) by visual observations (number of emerged seedlings and phytotoxic effects) and at test end by shoot height and shoot fresh weight determination.

For the plant species oats, sugar beet and rape test item related visual phytotoxic effects were observed at test concentrations ≥ 111 mg/kg DW and for the plant species onion, carrot and soybean at test concentrations ≥ 333 mg/kg DW.

Shoot Height: NOEC, LOEC, EC25- and EC50-Values with Confidence Range (p)
Species NOEC
[mg/kg DW] LOEC
[mg/kg DW] EC25
[mg/kg DW] p = 95%
[mg/kg DW] EC50
[mg/kg DW] p = 95%
[mg/kg DW]
Oats 37.0 111 185 138 - 243 539 391 - 733
Onion 111 333 332 190 - 602 > 1000 –
Sugar beet 37.0 111 225 149 - 343 849 611 - > 1000
Rape 37.0 111 305 255 - 376 940 821 - > 1000
Carrot 111 333 960 567 - > 1000 > 1000 –
Soybean 111 333 203 140 - 277 > 1000 –


Shoot Fresh Weight: NOEC, LOEC, EC25- and EC50-Values with Confidence Range (p)
Species NOEC
[mg/kg DW] LOEC
[mg/kg DW] EC25
[mg/kg DW] p = 95%
[mg/kg DW] EC50
[mg/kg DW] p = 95%
[mg/kg DW]
Oats 12.3 37.0 55.9 43.6 - 69.3 112 95.8 - 133
Onion 111 333 200 104 - 364 679 308 - > 1000
Sugar beet 1.37 4.12 16.5 < 1.37 - 43.5 169 117 - 247
Rape 37.0 111 61.0 45.2 - 78.3 152 120 - 199
Carrot 111 333 164 106 - 256 477 283 - > 1000
Soybean 111 333 235 145 - 371 > 1000 –


Number of Emerged Seedlings: NOEC, LOEC, EC25- and EC50-Values with Confidence Range (p)
Species NOEC
[mg/kg DW] LOEC
[mg/kg DW] EC25
[mg/kg DW] p = 95%
[mg/kg DW] EC50
[mg/kg DW] p = 95%
[mg/kg DW]
Oats 333 1000 622 348 - 975 > 1000 –
Onion 333 1000 310 141 - 550 887 591 - > 1000
Sugar beet 333 1000 752 674 - 854 1000 867 - > 1000
Rape 1000 > 1000 > 1000 – > 1000 –
Carrot 1000 > 1000 > 1000 – > 1000 –
Soybean 1000 > 1000 710 154 - > 1000 > 1000 –
-) Not determinable

Executive summary:

The phytotoxicity of the test item TRIGONOX 121(batch number: 1204442077) to six terrestrial plant species was determined in a seedling emergence and seedling growth test over a period of 21 days (onion and carrot: 28 days), from2016-12-20 to 2017-01-17,according to OECD 208 (July 2006) at the test facilitry.

Test Design

Test systems comprised two monocotyledons (oats, Poaceae; onion, Amaryllidaceae), and four dicotyledons (sugar beet, Amaranthaceae; rape, Brassicaceae; carrot, Umbelliferae; soybean, Fabaceae).

 

The test was conducted with the test concentrations of1000 - 333 - 111 - 37.0 -12.3 mg/kg DW (factor 3). Forthe plant species onion and sugar beet 4.12 and 1.37 mg/kg DW were tested additionally.

 

The test item was incorporated into the soil in which the seeds were sown after an equilibration period of at least 60 minutes. The test containers were bottom watered with nutrient solution as needed.

 

Results

Potential toxic effects of the test item were assessedon day 3, 8, 14 and 21 (onion and carrot additionally on day 28) by visual observations (number of emerged seedlings and phytotoxic effects) and at test end by shoot height and shoot fresh weight determination. V

For the plant species oats, sugar beet and rape test item relatedvisual phytotoxic effects were observed at test concentrations≥111 mg/kg DW and for the plant species onion, carrot and soybean at test concentrations≥ 333 mg/kg DW.

 

The results of the control for all plant species met the required validity criteria. Therefore, the test is considered to be valid.

 

Shoot Height: NOEC, LOEC, EC₂₅- and EC₅₀-Values with Confidence Range (p)

Species		NOEC [mg/kg DW]		LOEC [mg/kg DW]		EC25 [mg/kg DW]		p = 95% [mg/kg DW]		EC50 [mg/kg DW]		p = 95% [mg/kg DW]
Oats		37.0		111		185		138 - 243		539		391 - 733
Onion		111		333		332		190 - 602		> 1000		–
Sugar beet		37.0		111		225		149 - 343		849		611 - > 1000
Rape		37.0		111		305		255 - 376		940		821 - > 1000
Carrot		111		333		960		567 - > 1000		> 1000		–
Soybean		111		333		203		140 - 277		> 1000		–

 

Shoot Fresh Weight: NOEC, LOEC, EC₂₅- and EC₅₀-Values with Confidence Range (p)

Species		NOEC [mg/kg DW]		LOEC [mg/kg DW]		EC25 [mg/kg DW]		p = 95% [mg/kg DW]		EC50 [mg/kg DW]		p = 95% [mg/kg DW]
Oats		12.3		37.0		55.9		43.6 - 69.3		112		95.8 - 133
Onion		111		333		200		104 - 364		679		308 - > 1000
Sugar beet		1.37		4.12		16.5		< 1.37 - 43.5		169		117 - 247
Rape		37.0		111		61.0		45.2 - 78.3		152		120 - 199
Carrot		111		333		164		106 - 256		477		283 - > 1000
Soybean		111		333		235		145 - 371		> 1000		–

 Number of Emerged Seedlings: NOEC, LOEC, EC₂₅- and EC₅₀-Values with Confidence Range (p)

Species

NOEC [mg/kg DW]

LOEC [mg/kg DW]

EC25 [mg/kg DW]

p = 95% [mg/kg DW]

EC50 [mg/kg DW]

p = 95% [mg/kg DW]

Oats

333

1000

622

348 - 975

> 1000

–

Onion

333

1000

310

141 - 550

887

591 - > 1000

Sugar beet

333

1000

752

674 - 854

1000

867 - > 1000

Rape

1000

> 1000

> 1000

–

> 1000

–

Carrot

1000

> 1000

> 1000

–

> 1000

–

Soybean

1000

> 1000

710

154 - > 1000

> 1000

–

-) Not determinable

Description of key information

A single OECD 208 seedling emergence and seediling growth test conducted to GLP is available. Data is considered reliable. 3 different endpoints for six different plant species were determined during this study. In order to derive a sufficiently conservative PNEC the key information from this study is considered to be the NOEC for the most sensitive endpoint for the most sensitive species.

A NOEC of 1.37 mg/kg DW was derived for shoot fresh weight for sugar beet. This endpoint will be used for PNEC derivation in this compartment.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Long-term EC10, LC10 or NOEC for terrestrial plants:

1.37 mg/kg soil dw