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The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.

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Environmental fate & pathways

Adsorption / desorption

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Endpoint:
adsorption / desorption: screening
Data waiving:
study scientifically not necessary / other information available
Justification for data waiving:
the study does not need to be conducted because the substance and its relevant degradation products decompose rapidly
Endpoint:
adsorption / desorption, other
Type of information:
(Q)SAR
Adequacy of study:
supporting study
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
results derived from a (Q)SAR model, with limited documentation / justification, but validity of model and reliability of prediction considered adequate based on a generally acknowledged source
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
other: REACH guidance on QSARS R.6
Version / remarks:
2008
Deviations:
no
Principles of method if other than guideline:
Calculated using Advanced Chemistry Development (ACD/Labs) Software V11.02 (1994-2013 ACD/Labs)
GLP compliance:
not specified
Type of method:
other: estimation by calculation
Media:
other: estimation by calculation
Specific details on test material used for the study:
SMILES: O=C=Nc1ccc(cc1C)c2ccc(N=C(=O))c(C)c2
Radiolabelling:
no
Test temperature:
not appicable
Details on study design: HPLC method:
not appicable
Analytical monitoring:
no
Details on sampling:
not applicable (Koc estimation by calculation)
Details on matrix:
not applicable (Koc estimation by calculation)
Details on test conditions:
not applicable (Koc estimation by calculation)
Computational methods:
Calculated using Advanced Chemistry Development (ACD/Labs) Software V11.02 (1994-2013 ACD/Labs)
Input parameter: SMILES code
Key result
Type:
Koc
Value:
1
pH:
1
Temp.:
25 °C
Key result
Type:
Koc
Value:
1
pH:
2
Temp.:
25 °C
Key result
Type:
Koc
Value:
3.03
pH:
3
Temp.:
25 °C
Key result
Type:
Koc
Value:
61.9
pH:
4
Temp.:
25 °C
Key result
Type:
Koc
Value:
258
pH:
5
Temp.:
25 °C
Key result
Type:
Koc
Value:
347
pH:
6
Temp.:
25 °C
Key result
Type:
Koc
Value:
359
pH:
7
Temp.:
25 °C
Key result
Type:
Koc
Value:
361
pH:
8
Temp.:
25 °C
Key result
Type:
Koc
Value:
361
pH:
9
Temp.:
25 °C
Key result
Type:
Koc
Value:
361
pH:
10
Temp.:
25 °C
Details on results (HPLC method):
not applicable (Koc estimation by calculation)
Adsorption and desorption constants:
not applicable (Koc estimation by calculation)
Transformation products:
not specified
Details on results (Batch equilibrium method):
not applicable (Koc estimation by calculation)
Conclusions:
The Koc of 4,4'-bi-o-toluidine (TODA) was estimated by calculation to be 1, 1, 3.03, 61.9, 258, 347, 359, 361, 361 and 361 at pH 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10, respectively (all values at 25 °C).
Executive summary:

The Koc of 4,4'-bi-o-toluidine (TODA) was estimated by calculation to be 1, 1, 3.03, 61.9, 258, 347, 359, 361, 361 and 361 at pH 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10, respectively (all values at 25 °C).

Endpoint:
adsorption / desorption, other
Type of information:
(Q)SAR
Adequacy of study:
weight of evidence
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
results derived from a valid (Q)SAR model and falling into its applicability domain, with adequate and reliable documentation / justification
Justification for type of information:
Please refer to the QMRF and QPRF files provided under the section attached justification.
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
other:
Version / remarks:
REACH guidance on QSAR R.6
Principles of method if other than guideline:
KOCWIN (v2.00): estimation using estimated or experimentally derived log Kow
GLP compliance:
no
Type of method:
other: Calculation
Specific details on test material used for the study:
SMILES: O=C=Nc1ccc(cc1C)c2ccc(N=C(=O))c(C)c2
Test temperature:
25 °C
Computational methods:
- Other: log Kow used for estimation: 6.05 (estimated by KOCWIN)
Key result
Type:
Koc
Value:
178 000 L/kg
Temp.:
25 °C
Remarks on result:
other: QSAR predicted value. The substance is within the applicability domain of the model.
Key result
Type:
log Koc
Value:
5.25 dimensionless
Temp.:
25 °C
Remarks on result:
other: QSAR predicted value. The substance is within the applicability domain of the model.

KOCWIN Program (v2.00) Results:

 

SMILES : O=C=Nc1ccc(cc1C)c2ccc(N=C(=O))c(C)c2

CHEM  :

MOL FOR: C16 H12 N2 O2

MOL WT : 264.28

 

 Koc Estimate from Log Kow:

 

Log Kow (KOWWIN estimate) 

6.05

Non-Corrected Log Koc (0.8679 logKow - 0.0004) 

5.2504

Fragment Correction(s):

 None

Corrected Log Koc 

5.2504

 

Estimated Koc: 1.78E+5 L/kg  

Validity criteria fulfilled:
yes
Conclusions:
Using KOCWIN v2.00 the log KOC of the test item was calculated to be 5.2504 at 25 °C. The substance is within the applicability domain of the model.
Executive summary:

The logKoc was calculated using KOCWIN v2.00 as part of EPISuite v4.11 from US Environmental Protection Agency.

Using KOCWIN v2.00 the log KoC of the test item was calculated to be 5.2504 at 25 °C (EPI Suite, 2014).

The adequacy of a prediction depends on the following conditions:

a) the (Q)SAR model is scientifically valid: the scientific validity is established according to the OECD principles for (Q)SAR validation;

b) the (Q)SAR model isapplicable to thequery chemical: a (Q)SAR is applicable if the query chemical falls within the defined applicability domain of the model;

c) the (Q)SAR result is reliable: a valid (Q)SAR that is applied to a chemical falling within its applicability domain provides a reliable result;

d) the (Q)SAR model isrelevant for theregulatory purpose.

 

For assessment and justification of these 4 requirements the QMRF and QPRF files were developed and attached to this study record.

 

Description of the prediction Model

The prediction model was descripted using the harmonised template for summarising and reporting key information on (Q)SAR models. For more details please refer to the attached QSAR Model Reporting Format (QMRF) file. 

 

Assessment of estimation domain

The assessment of the estimation domain was documented in the QSAR Prediction Reporting Format file (QPRF). Please refer to the attached document for the details of the prediction and the assessment of the estimation domain.

 

Endpoint:
adsorption / desorption, other
Type of information:
(Q)SAR
Adequacy of study:
weight of evidence
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
results derived from a valid (Q)SAR model and falling into its applicability domain, with adequate and reliable documentation / justification
Justification for type of information:
Please refer to the QMRF and QPRF files provided under the section attached justification.
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
other:
Version / remarks:
REACH guidance on QSAR R.6
Principles of method if other than guideline:
KOCWIN (v2.00): estimation using estimated or experimentally derived log Kow
GLP compliance:
no
Type of method:
other: Calculation
Specific details on test material used for the study:
SMILES: Nc(c(cc(c(ccc(N)c1C)c1)c2)C)c2
Test temperature:
25 °C
Computational methods:
- Other: log Kow used for estimation: 2.34 (experimental database of KOCWIN)
Key result
Type:
Koc
Value:
150 L/kg
Temp.:
25 °C
Remarks on result:
other: QSAR predicted value. The substance is within the applicability domain of the model.
Key result
Type:
log Koc
Value:
2.176 dimensionless
Temp.:
25 °C
Remarks on result:
other: QSAR predicted value. The substance is within the applicability domain of the model.

KOCWIN Program (v2.00) Results:

 

SMILES : Nc(c(cc(c(ccc(N)c1C)c1)c2)C)c2

CHEM  :

MOL FOR: C14 H16 N2

MOL WT : 212.30

 

 Koc Estimate from Log Kow:

 

Log Kow (experimental DB) 

2.34

Non-Corrected Log Koc (0.55313 logKow + 0.9251) 

2.2194

Fragment Correction(s):

 

2  Nitrogen to non-fused aromatic ring

-0.0432

Corrected Log Koc 

2.1762

 

Estimated Koc: 150 L/kg  

Validity criteria fulfilled:
yes
Conclusions:
Using KOCWIN v2.00 the log KOC of the test item was calculated to be 2.1762 at 25 °C. The substance is within the applicability domain of the model.
Executive summary:

The logKoc was calculated using KOCWIN v2.00 as part of EPISuite v4.11 from US Environmental Protection Agency.

Using KOCWIN v2.00 the log KoC of the test item was calculated to be 2.1762 at 25 °C (EPI Suite, 2014).

The adequacy of a prediction depends on the following conditions:

a) the (Q)SAR model is scientifically valid: the scientific validity is established according to the OECD principles for (Q)SAR validation;

b) the (Q)SAR model isapplicable to thequery chemical: a (Q)SAR is applicable if the query chemical falls within the defined applicability domain of the model;

c) the (Q)SAR result is reliable: a valid (Q)SAR that is applied to a chemical falling within its applicability domain provides a reliable result;

d) the (Q)SAR model isrelevant for theregulatory purpose.

 

For assessment and justification of these 4 requirements the QMRF and QPRF files were developed and attached to this study record.

 

Description of the prediction Model

The prediction model was descripted using the harmonised template for summarising and reporting key information on (Q)SAR models. For more details please refer to the attached QSAR Model Reporting Format (QMRF) file. 

 

Assessment of estimation domain

The assessment of the estimation domain was documented in the QSAR Prediction Reporting Format file (QPRF). Please refer to the attached document for the details of the prediction and the assessment of the estimation domain.

 

Endpoint:
adsorption / desorption, other
Type of information:
(Q)SAR
Adequacy of study:
supporting study
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
results derived from a valid (Q)SAR model and falling into its applicability domain, with adequate and reliable documentation / justification
Justification for type of information:
Please refer to the QMRF and QPRF files provided under the section attached justification.
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
other:
Version / remarks:
REACH guidance on QSAR R.6
Principles of method if other than guideline:
KOCWIN (v2.00): estimation using first-order Molecular Connectivity Index (MCI)
GLP compliance:
no
Type of method:
other: Calculation
Specific details on test material used for the study:
SMILES: O=C=Nc1ccc(cc1C)c2ccc(N=C(=O))c(C)c2
Test temperature:
25 °C
Key result
Type:
Koc
Value:
427 600 L/kg
Temp.:
25 °C
Remarks on result:
other: QSAR predicted value. The substance is within the applicability domain of the model.
Key result
Type:
log Koc
Value:
5.631 dimensionless
Temp.:
25 °C
Remarks on result:
other: QSAR predicted value. The substance is within the applicability domain of the model.

KOCWIN Program (v2.00) Results:

 

SMILES : O=C=Nc1ccc(cc1C)c2ccc(N=C(=O))c(C)c2

MOL FOR: C16 H12 N2 O2

MOL WT : 264.28

 

 Koc Estimate from MCI:

First Order Molecular Connectivity Index 

9.651

Non-Corrected Log Koc (0.5213 MCI + 0.60) 

5.6311

Fragment Correction(s)

NONE

Corrected Log Koc 

5.6311

     

Estimated Koc: 4.276e+005 L/kg  

Validity criteria fulfilled:
yes
Conclusions:
Using KOCWIN v2.00 the log KOC of the test item was calculated to be 5.6311 at 25 °C. The substance is within the applicability domain of the model.
Executive summary:

The logKoc was calculated using KOCWIN v2.00 as part of EPISuite v4.11 from US Environmental Protection Agency.

Using KOCWIN v2.00 the log KoC of the test item was calculated to be 5.6311 at 25 °C (EPI Suite, 2014).

The adequacy of a prediction depends on the following conditions:

a) the (Q)SAR model is scientifically valid: the scientific validity is established according to the OECD principles for (Q)SAR validation;

b) the (Q)SAR model isapplicable to thequery chemical: a (Q)SAR is applicable if the query chemical falls within the defined applicability domain of the model;

c) the (Q)SAR result is reliable: a valid (Q)SAR that is applied to a chemical falling within its applicability domain provides a reliable result;

d) the (Q)SAR model isrelevant for theregulatory purpose.

 

For assessment and justification of these 4 requirements the QMRF and QPRF files were developed and attached to this study record.

 

Description of the prediction Model

The prediction model was descripted using the harmonised template for summarising and reporting key information on (Q)SAR models. For more details please refer to the attached QSAR Model Reporting Format (QMRF) file. 

 

Assessment of estimation domain

The assessment of the estimation domain was documented in the QSAR Prediction Reporting Format file (QPRF). Please refer to the attached document for the details of the prediction and the assessment of the estimation domain.

 

Endpoint:
adsorption / desorption, other
Type of information:
(Q)SAR
Adequacy of study:
supporting study
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
results derived from a valid (Q)SAR model and falling into its applicability domain, with adequate and reliable documentation / justification
Justification for type of information:
Please refer to the QMRF and QPRF files provided under the section attached justification.
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
other:
Version / remarks:
REACH guidance on QSAR R.6
Principles of method if other than guideline:
KOCWIN (v2.00): estimation using first-order Molecular Connectivity Index (MCI)
GLP compliance:
no
Type of method:
other: Calculation
Specific details on test material used for the study:
SMILES: Nc(c(cc(c(ccc(N)c1C)c1)c2)C)c2
Test temperature:
25 °C
Key result
Type:
Koc
Value:
3 190 L/kg
Temp.:
25 °C
Remarks on result:
other: QSAR predicted value. The substance is within the applicability domain of the model.
Key result
Type:
log Koc
Value:
3.504
Temp.:
25 °C
Remarks on result:
other: QSAR predicted value. The substance is within the applicability domain of the model.

KOCWIN Program (v2.00) Results:

 

SMILES : Nc(c(cc(c(ccc(N)c1C)c1)c2)C)c2

MOL FOR: C14 H16 N2

MOL WT : 212.30

 

 Koc Estimate from MCI:

First Order Molecular Connectivity Index 

7.575

Non-Corrected Log Koc (0.5213 MCI + 0.60) 

4.5488

Fragment Correction(s):

 

2  Nitrogen to non-fused aromatic ring

-1.0450

Corrected Log Koc 

3.5038

 

 Estimated Koc: 3190 L/kg  

Validity criteria fulfilled:
yes
Conclusions:
Using KOCWIN v2.00 the log KOC of the test item was calculated to be 3.5038 at 25 °C. The substance is within the applicability domain of the model.
Executive summary:

The logKoc was calculated using KOCWIN v2.00 as part of EPISuite v4.11 from US Environmental Protection Agency.

Using KOCWIN v2.00 the log KoC of the test item was calculated to be 3.5038 at 25 °C (EPI Suite, 2014).

The adequacy of a prediction depends on the following conditions:

a) the (Q)SAR model is scientifically valid: the scientific validity is established according to the OECD principles for (Q)SAR validation;

b) the (Q)SAR model isapplicable to thequery chemical: a (Q)SAR is applicable if the query chemical falls within the defined applicability domain of the model;

c) the (Q)SAR result is reliable: a valid (Q)SAR that is applied to a chemical falling within its applicability domain provides a reliable result;

d) the (Q)SAR model isrelevant for theregulatory purpose.

 

For assessment and justification of these 4 requirements the QMRF and QPRF files were developed and attached to this study record.

 

Description of the prediction Model

The prediction model was descripted using the harmonised template for summarising and reporting key information on (Q)SAR models. For more details please refer to the attached QSAR Model Reporting Format (QMRF) file. 

 

Assessment of estimation domain

The assessment of the estimation domain was documented in the QSAR Prediction Reporting Format file (QPRF). Please refer to the attached document for the details of the prediction and the assessment of the estimation domain.

 

Description of key information

Results from QSAR computations indicate that the estimated log Koc of the substance is 5.6311, thus indicating that adsorption of the test substance to solid soil phase is expected. However, TODI can be expected to have no or low potential for adsorption as well as TODI and its relevant degradation products decompose rapidly.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Additional information

An experimental determination of the Soil Adsorption Coefficient (Koc) of TODI is technically not feasible, because of the very fast hydrolysis of the substance (see IUCLID Section 5.1.2, Hydrolysis as a function of pH).Further, due to the very low water solubility a test is technical not feasible.

The soil adsorption coefficient (Koc) was calculated using EPI Suite KOCWIN v2.00 program. Using the molecular connectivity index (MCI) method the Koc was calculated to be 427600 L/kg and log Koc to be 5.6311 respectively. Using the Kow method the Koc was calculated to be 178000 L/kg and Log Koc to be 5.2504 respectively. The logKoc of 5.6311 L/kg was regarded as worst case assumption. These values are only of theoretical interest as TODI was found to be hydrolytically unstable.
The log Koc of TODA (4,4'-bi-o-toluidine; the product of hydrolysis of TODI) at 25 °C was estimated to be 3190 L/kg (MCI method) or 150 L/kg (Kow method) using KOWWIN of EPI Suite. The corresponding log Koc values are 3.50 (MCI method) or 2.18 (Kow method).

Based on the calculated data the adsorption (to sediment, to soil) of the product of hydrolysis of TODI can be assumed to be very low or negligible.
Furthermore, the Koc values of TODI's hydrolysis degradation product TODA were estimated by further calculation (ACD/Labs) to be 1, 1, 3.03, 61.9, 258, 347, 359, 361, 361 and 361 at pH 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10, respectively (all values at 25 °C).