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EC number: 232-237-2 | CAS number: 7791-03-9
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Skin irritation / corrosion
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- skin corrosion: in vitro / ex vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
Cross-reference
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- reference to same study
Reference
- Endpoint:
- skin irritation: in vitro / ex vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- reference to same study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 439 (In Vitro Skin Irritation: Reconstructed Human Epidermis Test Method)
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Test system:
- human skin model
- Source species:
- human
- Details on test system:
- The EpiDermTM model consists of normal, human-derived epidermal keratinocytes which have been cultured to form a multi layered, highly differentiated model of the human
epidermis. It consists of organized basal, spinous and granular layers, and a multi-layered stratum corneum containing intercellular lamellar lipid layers arranged in patterns analogous to those found in vivo. The EpiDermTM tissues (surface 0.6 cm²) are cultured on specially prepared cell culture inserts (MILLICELLs, 10 mm ∅) and are commercially available as kits (EpiDerm™ 200), containing 24 tissues on shipping agarose.
TEMPERATURE USED FOR TEST SYSTEM
- Temperature used during treatment / exposure: room temperature (25 min), 37°C (35 min)
- Temperature of post-treatment incubation (if applicable): 37°C
DYE BINDING METHOD
- Dye used in the dye-binding assay: MTT
- Wavelength: 570 nm - Control samples:
- yes, concurrent vehicle
- yes, concurrent positive control
- Amount/concentration applied:
- TEST MATERIAL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): 25 ul
VEHICLE
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): 25 ul
NEGATIVE CONTROL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight): 30 ul
POSITIVE CONTROL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight): 30 ul - Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 1 hour
- Duration of post-treatment incubation (if applicable):
- 42 hours
- Number of replicates:
- 3
- Irritation / corrosion parameter:
- % tissue viability
- Run / experiment:
- mean of 3 tissues
- Value:
- 3
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Negative controls validity:
- not applicable
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
Test substance identification |
|
Tissue 1 |
Tissue 2 |
Tissue 3 |
Mean |
SD |
CV [%] |
NC |
Mean OD570 |
1.995 |
2.178 |
2.097 |
2.090 |
|
|
Viability [% of NC] |
95.5 |
104.2 |
100.3 |
100.0 |
4.4 |
4.4 |
|
Test substance |
Mean OD570 |
0.057 |
0.061 |
0.068 |
0.062 |
|
|
Viability [% of NC] |
2.7 |
2.9 |
3.2 |
3.0 |
0.3 |
8.9 |
|
PC |
Mean OD570 |
0.052 |
0.051 |
0.049 |
0.051 |
|
|
Viability [% of NC] |
2.5 |
2.5 |
2.4 |
2.4 |
0.1 |
2.6 |
NC, negative control
PC, positive control
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 018
- Report date:
- 2018
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 431 (In Vitro Skin Corrosion: Reconstructed Human Epidermis (RHE) Test Method)
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Lithium perchlorate
- EC Number:
- 232-237-2
- EC Name:
- Lithium perchlorate
- Cas Number:
- 7791-03-9
- Molecular formula:
- ClHO4.Li
- IUPAC Name:
- lithium perchlorate
- Test material form:
- solid: crystalline
Constituent 1
In vitro test system
- Test system:
- human skin model
- Source species:
- human
- Details on test system:
- THREE-DIMENSIONAL HUMAN EPIDERMIS MODEL
The EpiDermTM model consists of normal, human-derived epidermal keratinocytes which have been cultured to form a multi layered, highly differentiated model of the human epidermis. It consists of organized basal, spinous and granular layers, and a multi-layered stratum corneum containing intercellular lamellar lipid layers arranged in patterns analogous to those found in vivo. The EpiDermTM tissues (surface 0.6 cm²) are cultured on specially prepared cell culture inserts (MILLICELLs, 10 mm ∅) and are commercially available as kits (EpiDerm™ 200), containing 24 tissues on shipping agarose.
From the day of arrival in the laboratory, tissues were kept in the refrigerator. At least 1 hour but not more than 1.5 hours before test-substance application, tissues were transferred to 6-well plates with 0.9 mL assay medium and preconditioned in the incubator at 37°C. The preincubation medium was replaced with fresh medium immediately before application. Two tissues per exposure time (3 minutes at room temperature or 1 hour in the incubator, as a rule) and test group (test material, negative control and positive control; 12 tissues per test) were used.
25 μL de-ionized water was applied first. Thereafter, a bulk volume of ca. 25 μL of the solid ground test material was applied with a sharp spoon and homogeneously distributed with the water.
Control tissues were concurrently treated with 50 μL of de-ionized water (NC) or with 50 μL of 8 N potassium hydroxide (PC).
The tissues were washed with PBS to remove residual test material 3 minutes or 1 hour after start of the application treatment.
Rinsed tissues were kept in 24-well plates (holding plates) at room temperature on assay medium until all tissues per application time were dosed and rinsed. The assay medium was then replaced by MTT solution and tissues were incubated for 3 hours. After incubation, the tissues were washed with PBS to stop the MTT-incubation. The formazan that was metabolically produced by the tissues was extracted by incubation of the tissues in isopropanol. The optical density at a wavelength of 570 nm (OD570) of the extracts was determined spectrophotometrically. Blank values were established of 4 microtiter wells filled with isopropanol for each microtiter plate.
DATA EVALUATION:
Corrosive potential of the test materials is predicted from the mean relative tissue viabilities obtained after 3 min treatment compared to the negative control tissues concurrently treated with de-ionized water. A chemical is considered as "corrosive", if the mean relative tissue viability after 3 min treatment with a test material is decreased below 50%. In addition, those materials with a viability of ≥ 50% after 3 min treatment are considered as "corrosive" if the mean relative tissue viability after 1 hour treatment with a test material is decreased below 15%. - Control samples:
- yes, concurrent vehicle
- yes, concurrent positive control
- Amount/concentration applied:
- TEST MATERIAL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): 25 ul of solid ground material
VEHICLE
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): 25 ul
NEGATIVE CONTROL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight): 50 ul
POSITIVE CONTROL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight): 50 ul - Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 3 min or 1 hour
- Duration of post-treatment incubation (if applicable):
- 3 hours
- Number of replicates:
- 2
Results and discussion
In vitro
Resultsopen allclose all
- Irritation / corrosion parameter:
- % tissue viability
- Run / experiment:
- 3 min exposure
- Value:
- 86.5
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Negative controls validity:
- not applicable
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Irritation / corrosion parameter:
- % tissue viability
- Run / experiment:
- 1 hour exposure, experiment 1
- Value:
- 21.1
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Negative controls validity:
- not applicable
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Remarks on result:
- other:
- Remarks:
- variations in results, therefore experiment was repeated
- Irritation / corrosion parameter:
- % tissue viability
- Run / experiment:
- 1 hour exposure, experiment 2
- Value:
- 7.4
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Negative controls validity:
- not valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
Any other information on results incl. tables
Exposure period: 3 min |
||||||
Test substance identification |
|
Tissue 1 |
Tissue 2 |
Mean |
SD |
CV [%] |
NC |
Mean OD570 |
1.986 |
2.031 |
2.008 |
|
|
Viability [% of NC] |
98.9 |
101.1 |
100 |
1.6 |
1.6 |
|
Test substance |
Mean OD570 |
1.825 |
1.651 |
1.738 |
|
|
Viability [% of NC] |
90.0 |
82.2 |
86.5 |
6.1 |
7.1 |
|
PC |
Mean OD570 |
0.237 |
0.251 |
0.244 |
|
|
Viability [% of NC] |
11.8 |
12.5 |
12.1 |
0.5 |
4.1 |
Exposure period: 1 hour (Experiment 1) |
||||||
Test substance identification |
|
Tissue 1 |
Tissue 2 |
Mean |
SD |
CV [%] |
NC |
Mean OD570 |
2.195 |
1.981 |
2.088 |
|
|
Viability [% of NC] |
105.1 |
94.9 |
100.0 |
7.2 |
7.2 |
|
Test substance |
Mean OD570 |
0.599 |
0.284 |
0.442 |
|
|
Viability [% of NC] |
28.7 |
13.6 |
21.1 |
10.7 |
50.5 |
|
PC |
Mean OD570 |
0.148 |
0.159 |
0.154 |
|
|
Viability [% of NC] |
7.1 |
7.6 |
7.4 |
0.4 |
5.1 |
Exposure period: 1 hour (Experiment 2) |
||||||
Test substance identification |
|
Tissue 1 |
Tissue 2 |
Mean |
SD |
CV [%] |
NC |
Mean OD570 |
1.814 |
1.984 |
1.899 |
|
|
Viability [% of NC] |
95.5 |
104.5 |
100.0 |
6.3 |
6.3 |
|
Test substance |
Mean OD570 |
0.136 |
0.146 |
0.141 |
|
|
Viability [% of NC] |
7.1 |
7.7 |
7.4 |
0.4 |
5.3 |
|
PC |
Mean OD570 |
0.078 |
0.087 |
0.082 |
|
|
Viability [% of NC] |
4.1 |
4.6 |
4.3 |
0.3 |
7.3 |
NC, negative control
PC, positive control
Applicant's summary and conclusion
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.