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EC number: 269-104-3 | CAS number: 68187-53-1 This substance is identified in the Colour Index by Colour Index Constitution Number, C.I. 77863.
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Hydrolysis
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- hydrolysis
- Data waiving:
- study technically not feasible
- Justification for data waiving:
- the study does not need to be conducted because the substance is highly insoluble in water
- Justification for type of information:
- JUSTIFICATION FOR DATA WAIVING
According to Annex VIII, Column 2 of Regulation (EC) 1907/2006, " The study does not need to be conducted if: - the substance is highly insoluble in water".
According to ECHA guidance on IR & CSA, Chapter R.7b, Table R.7.9-1, hydrolysis refers to the “Decomposition or degradation of a substance by reaction with water” as a function of pH and only applies to organic substances. Hydrolysis is a specific form of solvolysis which generally describes “a reaction with a solvent, a lyonium ion or lyate ion, involving the rupture of one or more bonds in the reacting solute” as well as the heterolytic cleavage of the solvent. “More specifically the term is used for substitution, elimination and fragmentation reactions in which a solvent species is the nucleophile ("alcoholysis" if the solvent is an alcohol, etc.)” (Muller – IUPAC recommendations, 1994, Pure & Appl Chem 66/5: 1077-1184). Chrome tin orchid cassiterite is an inorganic pigment that does not dissolve to any relevant extent under regular environmental conditions. Hence, hydrolysis as defined by IUPAC (1994) is not possible. Furthermore, inorganic substances such as Chrome tin orchid cassiterite cannot degrade or decompose but can be transformed e.g. by oxidation, reduction, speciation, precipitation. Thus, experimental data or other adequate and reliable information about the rate of hydrolysis, the extent of hydrolysis or the rate and extent of hydrolysis in different environments of Chrome tin orchid cassiterite cannot be generated.
Cross-reference
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- data waiving: supporting information
Reference
- Endpoint:
- transformation / dissolution of metals and inorganic metal compounds
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2015-04-16 to 2015-10-06
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Series on Testing and Assessment No. 29 (23-Jul-2001): Guidance document on transformation/dissolution of metals and metal compounds in aqueous media
- Version / remarks:
- 2001
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Remarks:
- 2016-05-31
- Type of method:
- other: transformation / dissolution
- Key result
- Type of test:
- full transformation/dissolution test - metals and sparingly soluble metal compounds
- Mean dissolved conc.:
- 0.046 µg/L
- Element analysed:
- Cr
- Loading of aqueous phase:
- 1 mg/L
- Incubation duration:
- 672 h
- Test conditions:
- pH 6, agitation at 100 rpm, 20.4 ± 0.2 °C
- Remarks on result:
- other: SD: ± 0.022 µg/L
- Key result
- Type of test:
- full transformation/dissolution test - metals and sparingly soluble metal compounds
- Mean dissolved conc.:
- < 0.028 µg/L
- Element analysed:
- Cr
- Loading of aqueous phase:
- 1 mg/L
- Incubation duration:
- 168 h
- Test conditions:
- pH 6, agitation at 100 rpm, 20.4 ± 0.2 °C
- Remarks on result:
- other: at least
- Type of test:
- full transformation/dissolution test - metals and sparingly soluble metal compounds
- Mean dissolved conc.:
- < 0.008 µg/L
- Element analysed:
- Cr
- Loading of aqueous phase:
- 1 mg/L
- Incubation duration:
- 24 h
- Test conditions:
- pH 6, agitation at 100 rpm, 20.4 ± 0.2 °C
- Remarks on result:
- other: At least
- Key result
- Type of test:
- full transformation/dissolution test - metals and sparingly soluble metal compounds
- Mean dissolved conc.:
- 0.352 µg/L
- Element analysed:
- Sn
- Loading of aqueous phase:
- 1 mg/L
- Incubation duration:
- 672 h
- Test conditions:
- pH 6, agitation at 100 rpm, 20.4 ± 0.2 °C
- Remarks on result:
- other: SD: ± 0.055 µg/L
- Key result
- Type of test:
- full transformation/dissolution test - metals and sparingly soluble metal compounds
- Mean dissolved conc.:
- 0.463 µg/L
- Element analysed:
- Sn
- Loading of aqueous phase:
- 1 mg/L
- Incubation duration:
- 168 h
- Test conditions:
- pH 6, agitation at 100 rpm, 20.4 ± 0.2 °C
- Remarks on result:
- other: SD: ± 0.141 µg/L
- Type of test:
- full transformation/dissolution test - metals and sparingly soluble metal compounds
- Mean dissolved conc.:
- 0.467 µg/L
- Element analysed:
- Sn
- Loading of aqueous phase:
- 1 mg/L
- Incubation duration:
- 24 h
- Test conditions:
- pH 6, agitation at 100 rpm, 20.4 ± 0.2 °C
- Remarks on result:
- other: SD: ± 0.089 µg/L
- Key result
- Type of test:
- full transformation/dissolution test - metals and sparingly soluble metal compounds
- Mean dissolved conc.:
- 0.052 µg/L
- Element analysed:
- Cr
- Loading of aqueous phase:
- 1 mg/L
- Incubation duration:
- 672 h
- Test conditions:
- pH 8, agitation at 100 rpm, 21.2 ± 0.2 °C
- Remarks on result:
- other: SD: ± 0.001 µg/L
- Key result
- Type of test:
- full transformation/dissolution test - metals and sparingly soluble metal compounds
- Mean dissolved conc.:
- 0.042 µg/L
- Element analysed:
- Cr
- Loading of aqueous phase:
- 1 mg/L
- Incubation duration:
- 168 h
- Test conditions:
- pH 8, agitation at 100 rpm, 21.2 ± 0.2 °C
- Remarks on result:
- other: SD: ± 0.004 µg/L
- Type of test:
- full transformation/dissolution test - metals and sparingly soluble metal compounds
- Mean dissolved conc.:
- 0.028 µg/L
- Element analysed:
- Cr
- Loading of aqueous phase:
- 1 mg/L
- Incubation duration:
- 24 h
- Test conditions:
- pH 8, agitation at 100 rpm, 21.2 ± 0.2 °C
- Remarks on result:
- other: SD: ± 0.009 µg/L
- Key result
- Type of test:
- full transformation/dissolution test - metals and sparingly soluble metal compounds
- Mean dissolved conc.:
- 4.32 µg/L
- Element analysed:
- Sn
- Loading of aqueous phase:
- 1 mg/L
- Incubation duration:
- 672 h
- Test conditions:
- pH 8, agitation at 100 rpm, 21.2 ± 0.2 °C
- Remarks on result:
- other: SD: ± 2.293 µg/L
- Key result
- Type of test:
- full transformation/dissolution test - metals and sparingly soluble metal compounds
- Mean dissolved conc.:
- 2.873 µg/L
- Element analysed:
- Sn
- Loading of aqueous phase:
- 1 mg/L
- Incubation duration:
- 168 h
- Test conditions:
- pH 8, agitation at 100 rpm, 21.2 ± 0.2 °C
- Remarks on result:
- other: SD: ± 0.766 µg/L
- Type of test:
- full transformation/dissolution test - metals and sparingly soluble metal compounds
- Mean dissolved conc.:
- 0.978 µg/L
- Element analysed:
- Sn
- Loading of aqueous phase:
- 1 mg/L
- Incubation duration:
- 24 h
- Test conditions:
- pH 8, agitation at 100 rpm, 21.2 ± 0.2 °C
- Remarks on result:
- other: SD: ± 0.081 µg/L
- Details on results:
- Temperature:
The mean temperature was 20.4 ± 0.2 °C during the test with 1 mg/L loading at pH 6. The mean temperature during the test at pH 8 was 21.2 ± 0.2 °C.
pH:
In solutions containing 1 mg/L of the test item at pH 6 and pH 8 as well as in method blanks (BW), the pHs were in the range of 5.8 – 6.4 and 7.6 – 8.2, respectively.
Mass balance
Most of the measured chromium concentrations were below LOD/LOQ (pH 6: 0.157 / 0.471 µg Cr/L; pH 8: 0.335 / 1.006 µg Cr/L) of the ICP-OES measurement. Only in vessel 4 (pH 6) all measured concentrations in the different fractions were above LOQ. The recovery in vessel 4 was 96.7 %. In the other vessels the recovery is clearly below 100 ± 15 %, indicating that aqua regia is not sufficient for a complete dissolution of the test item. The latter fact is expected for inorganic pigments. - Conclusions:
- The transformation/dissolution test (OECD Series on Testing and Assessment Number 29, 2001) of "Chrome tin orchid cassiterite " at a loading of 1 mg/L at pH 6 and 8, resulted after 28 days in maximum quantified Cr concentrations of 0.052 µg/L (pH = 8) and maximum Sn concentrations of 4.32 µg/L (pH = 8). The dissolved Cr and Sn concentrations were below 4.5 µg/L , referring to a solubility of < 0.45 wt%. Thus, the extent to which "Chrome tin orchid cassiterite " can produce soluble available ionic and other metal-bearing species in aqueous media is limited.
Recoveries of fortified samples Chromium
(values were rounded, internal calculations were performedwith more digits)
|
Measured Cr conc. [μg/L] |
Calculated nominal Cr conc. after addition [μg/L] |
Recovery [μg Cr/L] |
Recovery [%] |
1st measurement series 1 mL of sample + 2 mL of 5 μg M/L |
||||
Vessel 4, sample a after 2h |
<LOD |
3.333 |
3.284 |
98.5 |
Vessel 4, sample b after 6h |
<LOD |
3.333 |
3.307 |
99.2 |
Vessel 4, sample a after 24h |
<LOD |
3.333 |
3.303 |
99.1 |
2nd measurement series1 mL of sample + 2 mL of 5 μg M/L |
||||
Vessel 4, sample a after 4d |
0.078 |
3.359 |
3.479 |
103.6 |
Vessel 4, sample a after 7d |
0.033 |
3.344 |
3.556 |
106.3 |
Vessel 4, sample a after 14d |
<LOQ |
3.333 |
3.830 |
114.9 |
3rd measurement series1 mL of sample + 2 mL of 5 μg M/L |
||||
Vessel 4, sample a after 21d |
<LOQ |
3.333 |
3.603 |
108.1 |
Vessel 4, sample a after 28d |
0.034 |
3.345 |
3.600 |
107.6 |
Vessel 4, sample a after 6h |
<LOD |
3.333 |
3.521 |
105.6 |
4th measurement series1 mL of sample + 2 mL of 5 μg M/L |
||||
Vessel 1, sample a after 2h |
0.019 |
3.340 |
3.494 |
104.6 |
Vessel 1, sample a after 6h |
0.020 |
3.340 |
3.574 |
107.0 |
Vessel 1, sample a after 1d |
0.037 |
3.346 |
4.071 |
121.7 |
Vessel 1, sample a after 4d |
0.053 |
3.351 |
3.544 |
105.8 |
Vessel 1, sample a after 7d |
0.105 |
3.368 |
3.714 |
110.3 |
Vessel 1, sample a after 14d |
0.060 |
3.353 |
3.579 |
106.7 |
Vessel 1, sample a after 21d |
0.062 |
3.354 |
3.761 |
112.1 |
Vessel 1, sample a after 28d |
0.051 |
3.350 |
3.589 |
107.1 |
5th measurement series1 mL of sample + 4 mL of 5 μg M/L |
||||
Method blank vessel 2 sample a after 2h |
<LOD |
4.000 |
4.375 |
109.4 |
Method blank vessel 2 sample a after 1d |
<LOD |
4.000 |
4.366 |
109.1 |
Method blank vessel 2 sample a after 7d |
<LOD |
4.000 |
4.413 |
110.3 |
Method blank vessel 2 sample a after 28d |
<LOD |
4.000 |
4.366 |
109.2 |
6th measurement series1 mL of sample + 4 mL of 5 μg M/L |
||||
sample from vessel 4 for mass balance |
1.474 |
4.295 |
3.999 |
93.1 |
7th measurement series1 mL of sample + 4 mL of 25 μg M/L |
||||
sample from vessel 1 |
<LOQ |
20.000 |
19.337 |
96.7 |
Recoveries of fortified samples Tin
(values were rounded, internal calculations were performedwith more digits)
|
Measured Sn conc. [μg/L] |
Calculated nominal Sn conc. after addition [μg/L] |
Recovery [μg Sn/L] |
Recovery [%] |
1st measurement series 1 mL of sample + 2 mL of 5 μg M/L |
||||
Vessel 4, sample a after 2h |
0.074 |
3.358 |
3.418 |
101.8 |
Vessel 4, sample b after 6h |
0.245 |
3.415 |
3.504 |
102.6 |
Vessel 4, sample a after 24h |
0.240 |
3.413 |
3.562 |
104.4 |
2nd measurement series1 mL of sample + 2 mL of 5 μg M/L |
||||
Vessel 4, sample a after 4d |
0.372 |
3.457 |
3.598 |
104.1 |
Vessel 4, sample a after 7d |
0.332 |
3.444 |
3.589 |
104.2 |
Vessel 4, sample a after 14d |
0.356 |
3.452 |
4.504 |
130.5 |
3rd measurement series1 mL of sample + 2 mL of 5 μg M/L |
||||
Vessel 4, sample a after 21d |
0.397 |
3.466 |
3.481 |
100.4 |
Vessel 4, sample a after 28d |
0.432 |
3.477 |
3.517 |
101.2 |
Vessel 4, sample a after 6h |
0.042 |
3.347 |
3.438 |
102.7 |
4th measurement series1 mL of sample + 2 mL of 5 μg M/L |
||||
Vessel 1, sample a after 2h |
0.138 |
3.379 |
3.481 |
103.0 |
Vessel 1, sample a after 6h |
0.312 |
3.437 |
3.577 |
104.0 |
Vessel 1, sample a after 1d |
0.873 |
3.624 |
4.320 |
119.2 |
Vessel 1, sample a after 4d |
2.219 |
4.073 |
4.206 |
103.3 |
Vessel 1, sample a after 7d |
3.453 |
4.484 |
4.678 |
104.3 |
Vessel 1, sample a after 14d |
2.984 |
4.328 |
4.576 |
105.7 |
Vessel 1, sample a after 21d |
3.006 |
4.335 |
4.633 |
106.9 |
Vessel 1, sample a after 28d |
2.922 |
4.307 |
4.544 |
105.5 |
5th measurement series1 mL of sample + 4 mL of 5 μg M/L |
||||
Method blank vessel 2 sample a after 2h |
<LOD |
4.000 |
4.137 |
103.4 |
Method blank vessel 2 sample a after 1d |
<LOD |
4.000 |
4.133 |
103.3 |
Method blank vessel 2 sample a after 7d |
<LOD |
4.000 |
4.180 |
104.5 |
Method blank vessel 2 sample a after 28d |
<LOD |
4.000 |
4.127 |
103.2 |
Method validation summary
Validation parameter |
results |
Comment |
selectivity |
selective wavelength and isotopes for detection and evaluation of Cr and Sn |
|
linearity |
applied calibration functions were linear |
correlation factor at least 0.9996 |
limit of detection |
Cr: ICP-MS: 0.0027 – 0.0117 μg/L ICP-OES (mass balance): 01570 – 0.3352 μg/L Sn: ICP-MS: 0.0009 – 0.0096 μg/L |
|
limit of quantification |
Cr: I CP-MS: 0.0082– 0.0350 μg/L ICP-OES (mass balance): 0.4711– 1.0057 μg/L Sn: ICP-MS: 0.0028 – 0.0288 μg/L |
|
accuracy and precision |
mean recovery for CRM TMDA-25.4: 2nd measurement series: Cr: 101.0 ± 1.6 % (n = 11) Sn: 101.5 ± 1.6 % (n = 11) 3rd measurement series: Cr: 110.8 ± 1.7 % (n = 7) Sn: 106.1 ± 0.5 % (n = 7) 4th measurement series: Cr: 108.3 ± 2.2 % (n = 7) Sn: 109.1 ± 2.0 % (n = 7) 5th measurement series: Cr: 108.6 ± 3.0 % (n = 6) Sn: 104.1 ± 0.7 % (n = 6) 6th measurement series: Cr: 99.9 ± 1.6 % (n = 3) 7th measurement series: Cr: 102.4 ± 1.5 % (n = 4) |
Diluted (5 fold) to 4.8 μg Cr/L 4.76 μg Sn/L |
accuracy and precision |
mean recovery for CRM TMDA-25.4: 1st measurement series: Cr: 101.3 ± 2.8 % (n = 11) Sn: 101.0 ± 0.8 % (n = 11) |
Diluted (10 fold) to 2.4 μg Cr/L 2.38 μg Sn/L |
accuracy and precision |
mean recovery for CRM TMDA-53.3 1st measurement series: Cr: 100.5 ± 1.7 % (n = 11) Sn: 102.5 ± 3.5 % (n = 11) |
Diluted (5 fold) to 68.2 μg Cr/L 3.68 μg Sn/L |
accuracy and precision |
mean recovery for CRM TMDA-53.3 2nd measurement series: Cr: 99.9 ± 1.2 % (n = 11) Sn: 100.4 ± 1.3 % (n = 11) 3rd measurement series: Cr: 110.4 ± 1.7 % (n = 7) Sn: 106.1 ± 0.7 % (n = 7) 4th measurement series: Cr: 107.7 ± 7.2 % (n = 7) Sn: 110.0 ± 7.2 % (n = 7) 5th measurement series: Cr: 109.2 ± 4.6 % (n = 6) Sn: 104.2 ± 3.5 % (n = 6) 6th measurement series: Cr: 102.3 ± 1.0 % (n = 3) 7th measurement series: Cr: 100.8 ± 0.2 % (n = 4) |
Diluted (10 fold) to 34.1 μg Cr/L 1.84 μg Sn/L |
accuracy and precision |
mean recovery 1:1 mixture of multi element standards XXI & XVII (QC): 1st measurement series: Cr: 96.7 ± 2.3 % (n = 11) Sn: 97.1 ± 3.2 % (n = 11) 2nd measurement series: Cr: 96.3 ± 1.6 % (n = 11) Sn: 95.4 ± 1.8 % (n = 11) |
Diluted to 5 μg Cr/L 5 μg Sn/L |
accuracy and precision |
mean recovery of multi element standards VIII: 7th measurement series: Cr: 97.6 ± 4.4 % (n = 4) |
Diluted to 10 μg Cr/L |
accuracy and precision |
mean recovery 1:1 mixture of multi element standards XXI & XVII (QC): 3rd measurement series: Cr: 105.8 ± 2.0 % (n = 7) Sn: 100.8 ± 0.7 % (n = 7) 6th measurement series: Cr: 98.2 ± 0.5 % (n = 3) |
Diluted to 10 μg Cr/L 10 μg Sn/L |
|
mean recovery quality control standard – 19 Elements: 4th measurement series: Cr: 102.4 ± 3.8 % (n = 7) |
Diluted to 10 μg Cr/L Does not contain Sn |
accuracy and precision |
mean recovery for recalibration samples 1st measurement series: Cr: 98.3 ± 4.3 % (n = 11) Sn: 99.5 ± 4.1 % (n = 11) 2nd measurement series: Cr: 98.2 ± 1.2 % (n = 11) Sn: 97.9 ± 1.0 % (n = 11) |
Diluted to 10 μg Cr/L 10 μg Sn/L |
accuracy and precision; repeatability |
mean recovery for recalibration samples 3rd measurement series: Cr: 106.5 ± 2.6 % (n = 7) Sn: 100.5 ± 0.6 % (n = 7) 4th measurement series: Cr: 103.2 ± 2.9 % (n = 7) Sn: 103.5 ± 2.9 % (n = 7) 5th measurement series: Cr: 109.1 ± 5.5 % (n = 6) Sn: 102.0 ± 4.3 % (n = 6) 6th measurement series: Cr: 90.8 ± 1.1 % (n = 3) 7th measurement series: Cr: 98.5 ± 0.9 % (n = 4) |
Diluted to 5 μg Cr/L 5 μg Sn/L |
trueness |
recovery of fortified samples: ICP-MS Cr: 98.5 – 121.7 % (n = 21) Sn: 100.4 – 130.5 % (n = 21) ICP-OES Cr: 93.1 % and 96.7 % (n = 2) |
A few samples (one sample for Cr and two samples for Sn) are not within the limits of 100 ± 15 %. However, this is noit critical because >60 % of all QA/QC samples are within these limits. |
Data source
Materials and methods
Results and discussion
Applicant's summary and conclusion
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