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EC number: 700-150-3 | CAS number: 156572-81-5
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Effects on fertility
Link to relevant study records
- Endpoint:
- screening for reproductive / developmental toxicity
- Type of information:
- migrated information: read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 421 (Reproduction / Developmental Toxicity Screening Test)
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- Wistar
- Sex:
- male/female
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: RCC Ltd, Switzerland
- Age at study initiation: 11 weeks
- Weight at study initiation: Males: 291-333 g; Females: 172-207 g;
- Food and water: ad libitum - Route of administration:
- oral: gavage
- Vehicle:
- water
- Details on exposure:
- PREPARATION OF DOSING SOLUTIONS:
A standard dose volume of 10 mL/kg body weight with a daily adjustment to the actual body weight was used. Control animals were dosed with the vehicle alone (Milli-Q-water).
- Details on mating procedure:
- Females were housed with sexually mature males (1:1) in special automatic mating cages i.e. with synchronized timing to initiate the nightly mating period, until evidence of copulation was observed. This system reduced the variation in the copulation times of the different females. The females were removed and housed individually if:
a) The daily vaginal smear was sperm positive, or b) A copulation plug was observed. The day of mating was designated day 0 post coitum.
If a female did not mate during the 14-day pairing period, this female was paired with a male of the same group which had already mated successfully. If mating was not recorded during this additional pairing period of a maximum of 14 days, the female was sacrificed and, if indicated, the reproductive organs examined histopathologically in order to ascertain the reason for the infertility. - Duration of treatment / exposure:
- Males were treated over a 15-day pre-pairing period and during the pairing period up to one day before necropsy. Females were treated throughout the pre-pairing, pairing, gestation and lactation period up to weaning on day 21 post partum.
- Frequency of treatment:
- Daily
- Remarks:
- Doses / Concentrations:
0, 100, 300, 1000 mg/kg/day
Basis:
nominal conc. - No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 12 males and 12 females per dose group
- Control animals:
- yes, concurrent vehicle
- Parental animals: Observations and examinations:
- CAGE SIDE OBSERVATIONS: Yes
- Time schedule: Once daily
DETAILED CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS: Yes
BODY WEIGHT: Yes daily
FOOD CONSUMPTION:
Males - weekly during pre-pairing and after pairing periods.
Females - pre-pairing period days 1-8 and 8-15; gestation days 0-7, 7-14 and 14-21 post coitum, and lactation days 1-7 and 7-14 post partum (since pups begin to consume maternal feed on or about lactation day 14, food consumption was not recorded after this day).
No food consumption was recorded during the pairing period. - Oestrous cyclicity (parental animals):
- Duration of cycle was recorded
- Sperm parameters (parental animals):
- not reported
- Litter observations:
- Litters were examined for litter size, live births, still births and any gross anomalies.
Sex ratio of the pups were recorded on days 0/1, 4 and 21 post partum. Pups were weighed individually on days 0 (if possible, without identification), 1, 4, 7, 14 and 21 post partum. - Postmortem examinations (parental animals):
- The testes and epididymides of all parental males were weighed as pairs
HISTOPATHOLOGY
Slides of all organs and tissues collected at terminal sacrifice from the animals of the control and high-dose groups were examined. The same applied to the female, which was terminated in extremis. Special emphasis was made on the stages of spermatogenesis and histopathology of interstitial cell structure.
If test item-related morphologic changes were detected in organs of any high-dose animal, those same organs from the mid- and low-dose group were examined to establish a no-effect level, if possible.
Histological examination of ovaries was carried out on any females that did not give birth. In addition, microscopic examination of the reproductive organs of all infertile males was made, if necessary. - Statistics:
- Dunnett test, Steel-test, Fisher's exact test
- Clinical signs:
- no effects observed
- Body weight and weight changes:
- no effects observed
- Food consumption and compound intake (if feeding study):
- no effects observed
- Organ weight findings including organ / body weight ratios:
- no effects observed
- Histopathological findings: non-neoplastic:
- no effects observed
- Reproductive function: oestrous cycle:
- no effects observed
- Reproductive performance:
- no effects observed
- Key result
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEL
- Effect level:
- 1 000 mg/kg bw/day
- Sex:
- male/female
- Basis for effect level:
- clinical signs
- body weight and weight gain
- food consumption and compound intake
- organ weights and organ / body weight ratios
- gross pathology
- histopathology: non-neoplastic
- reproductive function (oestrous cycle)
- reproductive performance
- Clinical signs:
- no effects observed
- Mortality / viability:
- no mortality observed
- Body weight and weight changes:
- no effects observed
- Organ weight findings including organ / body weight ratios:
- no effects observed
- Gross pathological findings:
- no effects observed
- Histopathological findings:
- no effects observed
- Key result
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEL
- Generation:
- F1
- Effect level:
- 1 000 mg/kg bw/day
- Sex:
- male/female
- Basis for effect level:
- clinical signs
- mortality
- body weight and weight gain
- organ weights and organ / body weight ratios
- gross pathology
- histopathology: non-neoplastic
- Reproductive effects observed:
- not specified
- Conclusions:
- In a study performed to OECD 421 on SCI, the NOAEL was 1000 mg/kg body weight/day.
Reference
CLINICAL SIGNS (OFFSPRING)
BODY WEIGHT (OFFSPRING)
SEXUAL MATURATION (OFFSPRING)
ORGAN WEIGHTS (OFFSPRING)
GROSS PATHOLOGY (OFFSPRING)
HISTOPATHOLOGY (OFFSPRING)
OTHER FINDINGS (OFFSPRING)
General tolerability: All animals survived until scheduled necropsy, except one female at 1000 mg/kg, which died, possibly due to a dosing error.
Food consumption and bodyweight: In males at 300 and 1000 mg/kg, mean food consumption was slightly reduced. Additionally, mean body weights were reduced from the pairing period until the end of the study, whereas no clear dose-dependency was noted. Mean body weight gain was slightly reduced and recovered in the after pairing period at 300 mg/kg but not at 1000 mg/kg.
In females at 1000 mg/kg, mean food consumption was slightly reduced during the treatment period. At 300 mg/kg mean food consumption was only reduced during the second week of the lactation period. As a result, a slight transient reduction of mean body weight gain was noted in the lactation period at both dose levels. Mean body weights were similar in all groups at the end of the study.
Reproductive Data: The fertility rate was 100% in all groups. At all dose-levels, there were no treatment-related effects on estrous cycle, precoital time, mean duration of gestation, number of corpora lutea and implantations, post-implantation loss, pup survival or litter size from birth through to scheduled sacrifice on day 21 post partum.
Organ Weights: No significant deviations in mean organ weight of testes and epididymides were recorded which could be attributed to the treatment with the test item, since lower mean absolute weights of epididymides were considered to be in relation with lower body weights and no test item-related histopathological findings were present.
Macroscopical Findings and Histopathological Examinations: No test item-related histopathologic findings were observed in the reproductive organs of either sex from the parental generation. In particular, the assessment of the integrity of the spermatogenetic cycle did not provide any evidence of impaired spermatogenesis.
Litter Data: No abnormal findings were noted for pups at first litter check or during the lactation period. Sex ratios at first litter check and on day 21 post partum were unaffected by treatment with the test item.
Mean pup weights on day 1 post partum and mean pup weight development during the lactation period were unaffected by treatment with the test item.
Effect on fertility: via oral route
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no adverse effect observed
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEL
- 1 000 mg/kg bw/day
- Study duration:
- subacute
- Species:
- rat
- Quality of whole database:
- Klimisch 1 GLP Study
Effect on fertility: via inhalation route
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
Effect on fertility: via dermal route
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
Additional information
A waiver has been requested for the multi-generation toxicity.
In the reproduction / developmental screening test performed to OECD 421, SCI had no adverse effect on sexual function and fertility at dose levels up to 1000 mg/kg/day (the limit dose for reproductive toxicity studies). Furthermore, a sub chronic study (90 d oral) and a sub-acute toxicity data (28 d dermal study) confirms the structurally related chemicals SI and SLI show no evidence of systemic toxicity (despite the dermal test site being occluded) in doses of 246mg/kg/bw/day and in excess of 2000 mg/kg/d, with gross and histopathology confirming no adverse affect on sexual organs (seminal vesicles, testes, prostate, uterus/cervix, ovaries, fallopian tubes). Furthermore, the repeat dose dermal toxicity NOAEL is at least 2000 mg/kg/ bw/day (7.5.2).
Justification for selection of Effect on fertility via oral
route:
Only study available
Effects on developmental toxicity
Description of key information
In a study performed to OECD 414, the NOEL (No Observed Effect Level) for maternal and fetal organisms of SLI was considered to be 1000 mg/kg body weight/day.
Link to relevant study records
- Endpoint:
- developmental toxicity
- Type of information:
- migrated information: read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2008-01-07 till 2008-04-23
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 414 (Prenatal Developmental Toxicity Study)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Limit test:
- no
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- Wistar
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: RCC Ltd., Füllinsdorf / Switzerland
- Age at study initiation: 11 weeks
- Weight at study initiation: 187 to 237 g
- Fasting period before study: no data
- Housing: Individually in Makrolon type-3 cages with wire mesh tops and sterilized standard softwood bedding
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): Pelleted standard Kliba Nafag 3433 rat/mouse maintenance diet, ad libidum
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): Community tap-water from Füllinsdorf, ad libidum
- Acclimation period: 7 days
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 22 ± 3 °C
- Humidity (%): 30 - 70%
- Air changes (per hr): 10 - 15
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12 / 12 - Route of administration:
- oral: gavage
- Vehicle:
- water
- Details on exposure:
- PREPARATION OF DOSING SOLUTIONS:
For groups 2 and 3: every second week
For group 4: daily.
DIET PREPARATION:
not applicable (administration by gavage)
VEHICLE
- Concentration in vehicle: no data
- dose volume applied: 10 mL/kg
- Amount of vehicle (if gavage): 10 mL/kg
- Purity: Milli-Q-water - Analytical verification of doses or concentrations:
- yes
- Details on analytical verification of doses or concentrations:
- For groups 1, 2 and 3:
The formulations mixed for the first two weeks of the study were sampled to confirm achieved concentration and homogeneity. One ml samples were taken in triplicate from the top, middle and bottom of the treated formulation during stirring. Five 1 mL samples were taken from the vehicle control group. After dosing on day 1 of each preparation, the residual formulation were stored frozen. From the formulations mixed on each subsequent occasion, five 1 mL samples were taken from the middle of each formulation during stirring and from the vehicle control. These samples were used to confirm achieved concentration only.
For group 4:
The formulation mixed for the first day of treatment was sampled to confirm achieved concentration and homogeneity. One ml samples were taken in triplicate from the top, middle and bottom of the formulation during stirring. Thereafter every two weeks samples were taken to confirm achieved concentration. Five 1 mL samples were taken from the middle of the formulation during stirring on each occasion.
All formulation samples (for all groups) despatched to the Principal Investigator were transferred to an amber glass vial and frozen (-20 ± 5 °C) pending analysis by Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (LC/MS). - Details on mating procedure:
- - Impregnation procedure: cohoused
- If cohoused:
- M/F ratio per cage: 1/1
- Length of cohabitation: until evidence of copulation was observed
- Further matings after two unsuccessful attempts: no data
- Verification of same strain and source of both sexes: no (these male rats were in the possession of RCC)
- Proof of pregnancy: vaginal plug or sperm in vaginal smear, referred to as day 0 of pregnancy
- Any other deviations from standard protocol: no - Duration of treatment / exposure:
- from day 6 post-coitum to day 20 post-coitum
- Frequency of treatment:
- Daily
- Duration of test:
- 20 days (day 21: females sacrificed and fetuses removed by Caesarean section)
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 22 females per dose
- Control animals:
- yes, concurrent vehicle
- Details on study design:
- - Dose selection rationale: The dose levels were selected based on a previous Reproduction/Developmental Toxicity Screening Test in the Han Wistar Rat, RCC Study Number B57982, using dose levels of 100, 300, and 1000 mg/kg/day, which showed no adverse effects on reproduction.
- Maternal examinations:
- CAGE SIDE OBSERVATIONS: Yes
- Time schedule: daily
DETAILED CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS: No data
BODY WEIGHT: Yes
- Time schedule for examinations: daily from day 0 until day 21 post coitum
FOOD CONSUMPTION: Yes
- Time schedule: recorded at 3-day intervals: days 0-3, 3-6, 6-9, 9-12, 12-15, 15-18 and 18-21 post coitum.
POST-MORTEM EXAMINATIONS: Yes (gross macroscopic examination)
- Sacrifice on gestation day 21 post coitum
- Organs examined: all internal organs with emphasis to on the uterus, uterine contents, position of fetuses in the uterus and the number of corpora lutea - Ovaries and uterine content:
- The uterine content was examined after termination: Yes
The ovaries content examined after termination: No
Examinations included:
- Gravid uterus weight: Yes
- Number of corpora lutea: Yes
- Number of implantations: Yes
- Number of early resorptions: Yes
- Number of late resorptions: Yes - Fetal examinations:
- - External examinations: Yes: all per litter
- Soft tissue examinations: Yes: half per litter
- Skeletal examinations: Yes: half per litter
- Head examinations: Yes: half per litter - Statistics:
- - Means and standard deviations of various data
- The Dunnett-test (many to one t-test) based on a pooled variance estimate, applied if the variables could be assumed to follow a normal distribution for the comparison of the treated groups and the control groups for each sex.
- The Steel-test (many-one rank test), applied instead of the Dunnett-test when the data could not be assumed to follow a normal distribution.
- Fisher's exact-test, applied if the variables could be dichotomized without loss of information. - Indices:
- No data
- Historical control data:
- Yes
- Details on maternal toxic effects:
- Maternal toxic effects:no effects
Details on maternal toxic effects:
General Tolerability - All females survived until the scheduled necropsy. No signs of discomfort or clinical symptoms from the treatment with the test item were observed.
Food Consumption and Body Weights - Mean food consumption, mean body weight and corrected body weight gain (corrected for the gravid uterus weight) were not affected by treatment with the test item in any dose group.
Reproduction Data - Post-implantation losses and the mean number of fetuses per dam were not affected by treatment with the test item at any dose level.
Macroscopical Findings - No macroscopical findings were noted during necropsy of the females. - Key result
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEL
- Effect level:
- 1 000 mg/kg bw/day
- Basis for effect level:
- other: maternal toxicity
- Key result
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEL
- Effect level:
- 1 000 mg/kg bw/day
- Basis for effect level:
- other: developmental toxicity
- Fetal body weight changes:
- no effects observed
- Description (incidence and severity):
- No test item-related effects on fetal body weights were noted.
- Changes in sex ratio:
- no effects observed
- Description (incidence and severity):
- No test item-related effects on fetal sex ratios were noted in any dose group.
- External malformations:
- no effects observed
- Description (incidence and severity):
- During the external examination of the fetuses, no test item-related abnormal findings were noted.
- Skeletal malformations:
- no effects observed
- Description (incidence and severity):
- No abnormalities, which were considered to be test item-related, were noted during examination of fetal skeletons and cartilages.
- Visceral malformations:
- no effects observed
- Description (incidence and severity):
- No test item-related abnormalities were noted during the visceral examination of fetuses.
- Key result
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEL
- Effect level:
- 1 000 mg/kg bw/day
- Sex:
- female
- Basis for effect level:
- changes in sex ratio
- fetal/pup body weight changes
- external malformations
- skeletal malformations
- visceral malformations
- Key result
- Abnormalities:
- no effects observed
- Key result
- Developmental effects observed:
- no
- Conclusions:
- Based on the above mentioned results, the NOEL (No Observed Effect Level) for maternal and fetal organisms was considered to be 1000 mg/kg body weight/day.
Under the conditions described for this study, MILLED SLI (76) did not reveal teratogenic potential up to and including 1000 mg/kg body weight/day. - Executive summary:
Females were treated with MILLED SLI (76) to detect effects on the pregnant rat and development of the embryo and fetus.
Four groups of females were treated by gavage once daily (from day 6 post coitum to day 20 post coitum) at dose levels of 0 mg/kg body weight/day (control group), 100 mg/kg body weight/day, 300 mg/kg body weight/day and 1000 mg/kg body weight/day. A standard dose volume of 10 mL/kg body weight with a daily adjustment to the actual body weight was used. Control animals were dosed with the vehicle alone (Milli-Q-Water).
All females survived until the scheduled necropsy. No signs of discomfort or clinical symptoms from the treatment with the test item were observed. Mean food consumption, mean body weight and corrected body weight gain (corrected for the gravid uterus weight) were not affected by treatment with the test item in any dose group. Post-implantation losses and the mean number of fetuses per dam were not affected by treatment with the test item at any dose level. No macroscopical findings were noted during necropsy of the females.
No test item-related abnormal findings were noted during the external examination of the fetuses. No test item-related effects on fetal sex ratios were noted in any dose group. No test item-related effects on fetal body weights were noted. No test item-related abnormalities were noted during the visceral examination of fetuses. No abnormalities, which were considered to be test item-related, were noted during examination of fetal skeletons and cartilages.
Based on the above mentioned results, the NOEL (No Observed Effect Level) for maternal and fetal organisms was considered to be 1000 mg/kg body weight/day.
Reference
Maternal Toxicity:
General Tolerability
All females survived until the scheduled necropsy. No signs of discomfort or clinical symptoms from the treatment with the test item were observed.
Food Consumption and Body Weights
Mean food consumption, mean body weight and corrected body weight gain (corrected for the gravid uterus weight) were not affected by treatment with the test item in any dose group.
Reproduction Data
Post-implantation losses and the mean number of fetuses per dam were not affected by treatment with the test item at any dose level.
Macroscopical Findings
No macroscopical findings were noted during necropsy of the females.
Embryotoxic/teratogenic effects:
External Examination
During the external examination of the fetuses, no test item-related abnormal findings were noted.
Sex Ratios
No test item-related effects on fetal sex ratios were noted in any dose group.
Body Weights
No test item-related effects on fetal body weights were noted.
Visceral Examination
No test item-related abnormalities were noted during the visceral examination of fetuses.
Skeletal and Cartilage Examination
No abnormalities, which were considered to be test item-related, were noted during examination of fetal skeletons and cartilages.
Effect on developmental toxicity: via oral route
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no adverse effect observed
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEL
- 1 000 mg/kg bw/day
- Study duration:
- subacute
- Species:
- rat
- Quality of whole database:
- Klimisch 1 GLP Study
Effect on developmental toxicity: via inhalation route
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
Effect on developmental toxicity: via dermal route
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
Additional information
Justification for selection of Effect on
developmental toxicity: via oral route:
only study available
Justification for classification or non-classification
The results of the reproduction/developmental screening test and a pre natal developmental test found that SLI had no adverse effect on development of the offspring, at dose levels up to 1000 mg/kg bw/day.
As such, SLMI has not been classified as a reproductive toxicant.
Additional information
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Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.