4-hydroxybutyl acrylate

Short-term toxicity to fish

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to fish

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

29 May 1989 to 2 Jun 1989

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

test procedure in accordance with national standard methods with acceptable restrictions

Remarks:

no analytical monitoring

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: DIN 38412 L15, " Testverfahren mit Wasserorganismen (Gruppe L). Allgemeine HInweise zur Planung, Durchfuehrung und Auswertung biologiscger Testverfahren (L1)" and "Bestimmung der Wirkung von Wasserinhaltsstoffen auf Fische -Fischtest (L15)", June 1982

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

not specified

Specific details on test material used for the study:

- Name of test material (as cited in study report): Butanediolmonoacrylate
- Test substance No.: 88/1006
- Analytical purity: ≥ 94 %

Analytical monitoring:

no

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION
In the form of an aqueous solution (1.0 g / 100 mL) the product was added to the test water; subsequently the fish were placed into the aquaria.

Test organisms (species):

Leuciscus idus

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM:
- Common name: golden orfe
- Source: Fischzucht P. Eggers, D-2354 Hohenwestedt, Germany
- Length at study initiation: 6.7 cm (range: 6.1 - 7.2 cm)
- Weight at study initiation: 2.9 g (rane: 2.1 - 3.6 g)
- Corpulence factor of the batch: 1.00 (determined April, 18, 1989). The corpulence factor K is calculated from the weight w (g) and the length L (cm) measured from the tip of the mouth to the distal end of the caudal fin according to the formula: K = 100*w/L*3.

ACCLIMATION/HOUSING:
- Acclimation/housing period: about 10 weeks
- Water temperature: 20 - 22 °C
- Acclimation/housing conditions: Flow-through tank with tap water, cleaned by active carbon and aerated with oil-free air.
- Total hardness: about 2.5 mmol/L
- Acid capacity: about 5.5 mmol/L
- Oxygen content: > 60 % of max. saturation
- pH: about 8.0
- Diet: Growing feed F/B 50, SSNIFF Spezialdiaeten GmbH, D-4770 Soest; ad libitum
- Feeding frequency: daily
- Mortality during the last 2 weeks of housing: 0.4 %
- Mortality during the adaption period: 0 %
- Medical treatment: twice with 0.05 mg/L malachite green chloride, once with 10 mg/L tetracycline hydrochloride
- Withdrawel of food: 1 day before and during exposure
- Adaptation to test water and test temperature: 5 days

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

96 h

Hardness:

2.5 mmol/L

Test temperature:

20 - 21 °C

pH:

7.6 - 8.0

Dissolved oxygen:

7.0 - 8.6 mg/L

Nominal and measured concentrations:

- Nominal test concentrations: 0 (control) 1.00, 2.15, 4.64, 10.00, 21.50 and 46.40 mg/L (based on range-finding study)
- Measured test concentrations: not determined.

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: all-glass aquarium (30 x 22 x 24 cm)
- Aeration: slight
- No. of organisms per vessel: 10
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 1
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 1
- Biomass loading rate: 2.9 g fish/L water

TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: reconstituted freshwater according to DIN38412 (part 11), Oct 1982. Preparation from fully demineralized tap water (conductivity: max. 10µmho). The resalting was carried out by addition of 294.0 mg/L CaCl2 x 2 H20; 123.3 mg/L MgS04 x 7 H20; 63.0 mg/L NaHCO3 and 5.5 mg/L KCl.
- Acid capacity: 0.8 mmol/L
- Ca/Mg ratio: 4:1
- Na/K ratio: 10:1

OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: 16 hours light and 8 hours darkness

EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED
Mortality and symptoms were determined after 1, 4, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours.

TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: 2.2
- Range finding study: yes; LC50 after 96 h: < 10 mg/L

Reference substance (positive control):

yes

Remarks:

chloroacetamide

Key result

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

14.66 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Remarks on result:

other: Geometric mean (calculated) of the LC0 and the LC100.

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC100

Effect conc.:

21.5 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

10 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC0

Effect conc.:

10 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Details on results:

In older studies, often the probit procedure could not be used due to too wide concentration intervals (Conc I: 100% dead fish, conc 2: 0% dead fish). Therefore, the toxicity was given as a range (0 - 100 % dead animals). Using the geometrical mean, this range can be converted to a defined LC50 value.

The calculation of the gemetrical mean is performed using the function GEOMEAN (Microsoft Excel2000).
- Concentration with 0 % effect: 10.00 mg/L
- Concentration with 100 % effect: 21.50 mg/L
- Calculated LC50 (geom. mean): 14.66 mg/L

Results with reference substance (positive control):

- Positive control of aminals conducted with chloroacetamide , LC50 after 48 h: about 25 mg/L. This lethal concentration corresponds to the normal sensitivity.

Reported statistics and error estimates:

Probit analysis for determination of effect levels.

Sublethal observations / clinical signs:

Cumulative Mortality:

Nominal Conc. (mg/L)	1 h	4 h	24 h	48 h	72 h	96 h
0.00	0	0	0	0	0	0
1.00	0	0	0	0	0	0
2.15	0	0	0	0	0	0
4.64	0	0	0	0	0	0
10.00	0	0	0	0	0	0
21.50	0	0	3	10	10	10
46.40	0	0	10	10	10	10

 

Biological Observations:

At the test concentration of 21.5 mg/L a number of fish showed tumbling after 24 hours. No other symptoms were observed.

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not specified

Description of key information

The 96-h LC50 value is 14.66 mg/L in species (L. idus).

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water fish

Fresh water fish

Effect concentration:

14.66 mg/L

Additional information

The short-term toxicity to freshwater fish was determined in a study according to DIN 38412 L15 (BASF, 1989). In this study, groups of 10 golden orfe (L. idus) were exposed to nominal test concentrations of 0 (control) 1.00, 2.15, 4.64, 10.00, 21.50 and 46.40 mg/L for 96 hours under static conditions. These concentrations were based on the results of a range-finding study. Test concentrations were not analytically verified. Mortality and symptoms were determined after 1, 4, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours. At the test concentration of 21.5 mg/L, fish showed tumbling after 24 hours. No other symptoms were observed throughout the whole test period.

At the lowest four test concentrations, no mortality was observed throughout the whole test period. At 21,5 mg/L, 3 fish had died after 24 hours which increased to 10 fish after 48 hours. At the highest test concentration, no fish had died after 4 hours, but all fish had died after 24 hours. Based on these results, the LC100 and LC0 were determined to be 21.5 and 10 mg/L, respectively. In older studies, often the Probit analysis could not be used due to too wide concentration intervals (i.e. Conc 1: 100% dead fish, conc 2: 0% dead fish). Therefore, the toxicity would be presented as a range (0 - 100 % dead animals). Using the geometrical mean, this range can be converted to a defined LC50 value. The LC50 was calculated as the geometric mean of the LC0 and LC100 and determined to be 14.66 mg/L.