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EC number: 235-762-5 | CAS number: 12672-27-4
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Description of key information
Skin irritation:
Human Skin Model Test, OECD 439 (in-vitro): not irritating
Eye irritation:
BCOP test, OECD 437 (in-vitro): non corrosive
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Skin irritation / corrosion
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no adverse effect observed (not irritating)
Eye irritation
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- adverse effect observed (irritating)
Additional information
The skin irritation potential of cobalt aluminium oxide was determined in the Human Skin Model Test following OECD 439 (Paulus, 2011). Three tissues of the human skin model EpiDermTM were each treated with approx. 25 mg of the solid test substance (moistened with 25 µL DPBS-buffer). After 60 min incubation, tissues were rinsed and further incubated. After a total incubation time of 42 h the cell viability was determined by measuring photometrically the enzymatic conversion of the vital dye MTT into a blue formazan salt. DPBS-buffer was used as negative control, 5% SDS-solution was used as positive control.
After treatment with the negative control, the absorbance values were within the required acceptability criterion of 1.0 < mean < 2.5. Variation within tissues was acceptable. After treatment with the test substance, the relative absorbance values were increased to 105.1%. This value is well above the threshold for the irritation potential (50%). Therefore, the test substance is considered not irritant in the Human Skin Model Test.
As discussed in the OECD 439, the Human Skin Model Test can be used to identify a non-classified test substance. As a consequence, the test result indicates that neither irritation nor corrosion potential of the test substance is to be expected.
There are no in-vivo skin irritation data available for cobalt aluminium oxide.
The potential of cobalt aluminium oxide to cause ocular corrosivity or severe irritancy was evaluated in the Bovine Corneal Opacity and Permeability (BCOP) test following OECD 437 (Paulus, 2011). Isolated corneas from the eyes of cattle were used. Each treatment group (test substance, negative/positive controls) consisted of three eyes where the cornea had been excised and mounted to a holder. Based on the physical nature and chemical characteristics of the test substance, the open-chamber method was used. Toxic effects to the cornea were measured as opacity and permeability. For each treatment group an in-vitro irritancy score (IVIS) was calculated. A substance that induces an IVIS superior or equal to 55.1 is defined as a corrosive or severe irritant. The result of the test was negative (IVIS= -0.369), indicating that cobalt aluminium oxide is not corrosive.
Negative in-vitro corrosivity responses in the BCOP test are not conclusive with respect to non-classification or classification as irritant. Applying a worst case, cobalt aluminium oxide is considered to be irritating to the eyes.
There are no in-vivo data on eye irritation available for cobalt aluminium oxide.
Effects on eye irritation: irritating
Justification for classification or non-classification
The available data on skin irritation of the test substance do not meet the criteria for classification according to Regulation (EC) 1272/2008 or Directive 67/548/EEC, and are therefore conclusive but not sufficient for classification.
The available data on eye irritation of the test substance meet the criteria for classification as Category 2 (H319) according to Regulation (EC) 1272/2008 and as Xi, R36 according to Directive 67/548/EEC.
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