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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: - | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Genetic toxicity: in vitro
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- in vitro gene mutation study in bacteria
- Remarks:
- Type of genotoxicity: gene mutation
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Study period:
- From 2008-12-22 to 2009-01-13
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 009
- Report date:
- 2009
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 471 (Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay)
- Version / remarks:
- 1997
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method B.13/14 (Mutagenicity - Reverse Mutation Test Using Bacteria)
- Version / remarks:
- EC Commission Directive 2000/32/ECAnnex 4D
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EPA OPPTS 870.5100 - Bacterial Reverse Mutation Test (August 1998)
- Version / remarks:
- 1998
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Type of assay:
- bacterial reverse mutation assay
Test material
Constituent 1
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Appearance: White powder
Storage conditions: Refrigerated in the dark
Batch number: 2008-9-3
Expiry date: 30 September 2009
Purity: >95.0%
Method
- Target gene:
- Trypophan dependancy
Species / strain
- Species / strain / cell type:
- E. coli WP2 uvr A pKM 101
- Additional strain / cell type characteristics:
- DNA polymerase A deficient
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Metabolic activation system:
- Due to migration, the value was transferred to one of the current document's attachments
- Test concentrations with justification for top dose:
- Test 1: 5, 15, 50, 150, 500, 1500, 5000 µg per plate
Test 2: 50, 150, 500, 1500, 5000 µg per plate - Vehicle / solvent:
- It has been shown in a previous study conducted in this laboratory that test item is insufficiently soluble in solvents compatible with the test system (Life Sciences Research report no. 91/NNG003/0816). Suspensions of test item in water (purified in house by reverse osmosis) containing 0.15% bacteriological agar were, therefore, used in this study.
Controls
- Untreated negative controls:
- no
- Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
- yes
- Remarks:
- aqueous 0.15% agr solution
- True negative controls:
- no
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Positive control substance:
- 4-nitroquinoline-N-oxide
- other: 2-Aminoanthracene
- Details on test system and experimental conditions:
- First test
Aliquots of 0.1 mL of the test substance suspensions (seven concentrations up to 5000 μg/plate), positive control or negative control were placed in glass vessels. The negative control was the chosen vehicle, aqueous 0.15% agar solution. S9 mix (0.5 mL) or 0.1 M pH 7.4 phosphate buffer (0.5 mL) was added, followed by 0.1 mL of a 10-hour bacterial culture and 2 mL of agar containing tryptophan (0.05 mM). The mixture was thoroughly shaken and overlaid onto previously prepared Petri dishes containing 25 mL minimal agar. Each Petri dish was individually labeled with a unique code, identifying the contents of the dish. Three Petri dishes were used for each treatment. Plates were also prepared without the addition of bacteria in order to assess the sterility of the test substance, S9 mix and sodium phosphate buffer. All plates were incubated at approximately 37°C for ca 72 hours. After this period, the appearance of the background bacterial lawn was examined and revertant colonies counted using an automated colony counter (Perceptive Instruments Sorcerer).
Second test
As a clear negative response was obtained in the first test, a variation to the test procedure was used for the second test. The variation used was the pre-incubation assay in which the tubes, which contained mixtures of bacteria, buffer or S9 mix and test dilution, were incubated at 37°C for 30 minutes with shaking before the addition of the agar overlay. The maximum concentration chosen was again 5000 μg/plate, but only five concentrations were used.
Positive controls:
In the absence of S9 mix
Identity: 4-Nitroquinoline-1-oxide
CAS No.: 56-57-5
Solvent: DMSO (A.C.S. spectrophotometric grade)
Concentration: 2 μg/plate
In the presence of S9 mix
Identity: 2-Aminoanthracene
CAS No.: 613-13-8
Solvent: DMSO (A.C.S. spectrophotometric grade)
Concentration: 10 μg/plate - Evaluation criteria:
- For a test to be considered valid, the mean of the vehicle control revertant colony numbers should lie within or close to the 99% confidence limits of the current historical control range of the laboratory unless otherwise justified by the Study Director. The historical range is maintained as a rolling record over a maximum of five years. Also, the positive control compounds must induce an increase in mean revertant colony numbers of at least twice the concurrent vehicle controls. Mean viable cell counts in the 10-hour bacterial cultures must be at least 1E+09/mL.
Results and discussion
Test results
- Species / strain:
- E. coli WP2 uvr A pKM 101
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- no cytotoxicity
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Additional information on results:
- The results obtained with test item and positive control compounds are presented in Table 1 (first test) and in Table 2 (second test).
The absence of colonies on sterility check plates confirmed the absence of microbial contamination of the S9 mix, buffer and test substance formulation.
The total colony counts on nutrient agar plates (see Table 3) confirmed the viability and high cell density of the cultures of the individual organisms.
The mean revertant colony counts for the vehicle controls were within or close to the 99% confidence limits of the current historical control range of the laboratory (Appendix 1). Appropriate positive control chemicals (with S9 mix where required) induced substantial increases in revertant colony numbers with all strains in all reported tests, confirming sensitivity of the cultures and activity of the S9 mix.
First test
No evidence of toxicity was obtained following exposure to test item. A maximum exposure concentration of 5000 μg/plate was, therefore, selected for use in the second test.
No substantial increases in revertant colony numbers over control counts were obtained following exposure to test item at any concentration up to 5000 μg/plate in either the presence or absence of S9 mix.
Second test
No evidence of toxicity was obtained following exposure to test item.
No substantial increases in revertant colony numbers over control counts were obtained following exposure to test item at any concentration up to 5000 μg/plate in either the presence or absence of S9 mix.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- The test item showed no evidence of mutagenic activity in this bacterial system under the test conditions employed.
- Executive summary:
In this in vitro assessment of the mutagenic potential of test item in complied with OECD 471, a tryptophan-dependent mutant of Escherichia coli, strain WP2 uvrA (pKM101), was exposed to test item suspended in aqueous 0.15% agar solution, which was also used as a negative control. Two independent mutation tests were performed in the presence and absence of liver preparations (S9 mix) from rats treated with phenobarbital and 5,6-benzoflavone. The first test was a standard plate incorporation assay; the second included a pre-incubation stage. Concentrations of test item up to 5000 μg/plate were tested. This is the standard limit concentration recommended in the regulatory guidelines that this assay follows. Other concentrations used were a series of ca half-log10 dilutions of the highest concentration. No signs of toxicity were observed towards the tester strain in either mutation test following exposure to test item. No evidence of mutagenic activity was seen at any concentration of test item in either mutation test. The concurrent positive controls demonstrated the sensitivity of the assay and the metabolising activity of the liver preparations. The mean revertant colony counts for the vehicle controls were within or close to the 99% confidence limits of the current historical control range of the laboratory. It is concluded that test item showed no evidence of mutagenic activity in this bacterial system under the test conditions employed.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.
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