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EC number: 205-748-3 | CAS number: 149-87-1
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- particle size distribution (granulometry)
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 25 July 2008 to 17 November 2008
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Study conducted to GLP in compliance with agreed protocols, with no or minor deviations from standard test guidelines and/or minor methodological deficiencies, which do not affect the quality of the relevant results.
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 110 (Particle Size Distribution / Fibre Length and Diameter Distributions)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Type of method:
- cascade impaction
- Type of distribution:
- mass based distribution
- Percentile:
- D50
- Remarks on result:
- other: No source field for Standard deviation.
- Conclusions:
- Under the conditions of the study, 23.8 % of the test material is the proportion of test material having an inhalable particle size less than 100 µm; 2.77 % is the proportion of test material having a thoracic particle size less than 10.0 µm, and 0.357 % is the proportion of test material having a respirable particle size less than 5.5 µm.
- Executive summary:
A determination of the particle size distribution of the test material was investigated in a study which was performed under GLP conditions and in accordance with the standardised guideline OECD 110. The sieve method was used for the screening test, followed by three determinations using the cascade impactor.
Under the conditions of the study, 23.8 % of the test material is the proportion of test material having an inhalable particle size less than 100µm; 2.77 % is the proportion of test material having a thoracic particle size less than 10.0 µm, and 0.357 % is the proportion of test material having a respirable particle size less than 5.5 µm.
Reference
Calculation
Table 1: Calculation of the cumulative mass and cumulative % using the values obtained from the cascade impactor
Collection Site |
Mass at Stage (g) |
Cumulative Mass (g) |
Cumulative (%) |
|
Entry Port |
0 |
m0 |
M0 |
100 |
10.0 µm stage |
1 |
m1 |
M1 |
100 x M1 / M0 |
5.5 µm stage |
2 |
m2 |
M2 |
100 x M2 / M0 |
2.4 µm stage |
3 |
m3 |
M3 |
100 x M3 / M0 |
1.61 µm stage |
4 |
m4 |
M4 |
100 x M4 / M0 |
0.307 µm stage |
5 |
m5 |
M5 |
100 x M5 / M0 |
Filter |
6 |
m6 |
M6 |
100 x M6 / M0 |
where:
m = mass of material found at indicated site (g)
M = cumulative mass (g) at indicated site (e.g. M3 = m3 + m4 + m5 + m6)
Results
Screening Test (sieve method)
Table 2: Results of Screening Test
Sieve aperture (µm) |
100 |
Mass of test material transferred to sieve (g) |
19.66 |
Mass of test material passed through sieve (g) |
4.67 |
Test material less than sieve aperture size (%) |
23.8 |
Determination 1:
- Amount of test material found in artificial throat: 0.06 g
- Total amount of test material recovered from impactor cups, filter and artificial throat: 2.8543 g
Determination 2:
- Amount of test material found in artificial throat: 0.05 g
- Total amount of test material recovered from impactor cups, filter and artificial throat: 2.9645 g
Determination 3:
- Amount of test material found in artificial throat: 0.06 g
- Total amount of test material recovered from impactor cups, filter and artificial throat: 2.9031 g
Table 3: Overall cumulative amounts of test material with a particle size less than 10.0 gm (%) from Determinations 1 to 3
Determination |
Cumulative Amount of Test Material Less Than 10.0 gm (%) |
Mean Cumulative Amount of Test Material Less Than 10.0 gm (%) |
1 |
1.68 |
2.77 |
2 |
2.39 |
|
3 |
4.24 |
Table 4: Overall cumulative amounts of test material with a particle size less than 5.5 µm (%) from Determinations 1 to 3
Determination |
Cumulative Amount of Test Material Less Than 5.5 gm (%) |
Mean Cumulative Amount of Test Material Less Than 5.5 gm (%) |
1 |
0.238 |
0.357 |
2 |
0.290 |
|
3 |
0.544 |
Table 5: Overall Test Results
Measurement |
Method |
Result |
Proportion of test material having an inhalable particle size less than 100 µm |
Sieve |
23.8 % |
Proportion of test material having a thoracic particle size less than 10.0 µm |
Cascade Impactor |
2.77 % |
Proportion of test material having a respirable particle size less than 5.5 µm |
Cascade Impactor |
0.357 % |
Discussion
Too few particles were of a size less than 10.0 µm to allow accurate assessment of mass median aerodynamic diameter.
Representative sampling was ensured by rolling the sample container for approximately 10 minutes and sampling from the top, middle and bottom prior to definitive testing.
The inhalable fraction is defined as the mass fraction of particles which can be inhaled by nose or mouth, the thoracic fraction is defined as the mass fraction of particles that passes the larynx and the respirable fraction is defined as the mass fraction of particles that reaches the alveoli.
For some measurements, negative weight differences have been reported. These differences were considered to be within the anticipated accuracy of the balance. In these instances zero has been used for the cumulative calculated data.
Description of key information
PSD = proportion of test material having an inhalable particle size less than 100µm = 23.8 %, proportion of test material having a thoracic particle size less than 10.0 µm = 2.77 %, proportion of test material having a respirable particle size less than 5.5 µm = 0.357 %, sieve method (screening), cascade impactor (main test, three determinations), OECD 110, Butler & O'Connor (2008)
Additional information
A determination of the particle size distribution of the test material was investigated in a study which was performed under GLP conditions and in accordance with the standardised guideline OECD 110. The study was assigned a reliability score of 1 in line with the principles for assessing data quality as defined by Klimisch (1997).
The sieve method was used for the screening test, followed by three determinations using the cascade impactor. Under the conditions of the study, 23.8 % of the test material is the proportion of test material having an inhalable particle size less than 100µm; 2.77 % is the proportion of test material having a thoracic particle size less than 10.0 µm, and 0.357 % is the proportion of test material having a respirable particle size less than 5.5 µm.
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