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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 231-885-3 | CAS number: 7775-00-0
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
![](https://echa.europa.eu/o/diss-blank-theme/images/factsheets/A-REACH/factsheet/print_toxicological-information.png)
Skin irritation / corrosion
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- skin irritation: in vitro / ex vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 24 Oct 2016 to 25 Nov 2016
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 017
- Report date:
- 2017
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 439 (In Vitro Skin Irritation: Reconstructed Human Epidermis Test Method)
- Version / remarks:
- July 28, 2015
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method B.46 (In Vitro Skin Irritation: Reconstructed Human Epidermis Model Test)
- Version / remarks:
- July 23, 2009
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Remarks:
- ENVIGO CRS GmbH, In den Leppsteinswiesen 19, 64380 Rossdorf
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- 3-(p-cumenyl)propionaldehyde
- EC Number:
- 231-885-3
- EC Name:
- 3-(p-cumenyl)propionaldehyde
- Cas Number:
- 7775-00-0
- Molecular formula:
- C12H16O
- IUPAC Name:
- 3-(4-isopropylphenyl)propanal
- Test material form:
- liquid
1
In vitro test system
- Test system:
- human skin model
- Source species:
- human
- Cell type:
- other: EPISKIN™ in vitro Reconstructed Human Epidermis (RHE) Model Kit
- Justification for test system used:
- Because systemic reactions play a minor role in modulating local skin toxicity potential of chemicals, skin irritation potential may be predicted by in vitro systems, provided they are sufficiently complex to mimic human skin barrier and cell reactivity. In an international validation study performed by ECVAM, the in vitro skin irritation test using the human skin models EpiSkin™ and EpiDerm and measurement of cell viability by dehydrogenase conversion of MTT into a blue formazan salt have turned out as a sufficiently promising predictor for skin irritancy potential.
- Vehicle:
- unchanged (no vehicle)
- Details on test system:
- RECONSTRUCTED HUMAN EPIDERMIS (RHE) TISSUE
- Model used: EPISKIN™ in vitro Reconstructed Human Epidermis (RHE) Model Kit
- Supplier: SkinEthic Laboratories (69007 Lyon, France)
- The EpiSkin™ tissues (surface 0.38 cm²) are cultured on specially prepared cell culture inserts.
- EpiSkin™ tissues were shipped at ambient temperature on medium-supplemented agarose gels.
- Delivery date: 22 November 2016
TEMPERATURE USED FOR TEST SYSTEM
- Temperature used during treatment / exposure: room temperature
- Temperature of post-treatment incubation: 37±1.5°C
REMOVAL OF TEST MATERIAL AND CONTROLS
After the end of the treatment interval the inserts were immediately removed from the 12- well plate. The tissues were gently rinsed with PBS to remove any residual test material. Excess PBS was removed by gently shaking the inserts and blotting the bottom with blotting paper.
MTT DYE USED TO MEASURE TISSUE VIABILITY AFTER TREATMENT / EXPOSURE
- 2 mL assay medium containing 0.3 mg/mL MTT per well.
- Incubation time: 3hrs at 37±1.5°C
- Extraction of formazan: The tissue samples were immersed into extractant solution by gently pipetting 0.5 mL extractant solution (isopropanol containing 0.04 N HCl) into each vial. The tissue samples were completely covered by isopropanol. The vials were sealed to inhibit isopropanol evaporation. The formazan salt was extracted for nearly 3 hours while shaking at room temperature.
- Spectrophotometer: Microplate reader (Versamax® Molecular Devices, 85737 Ismaning, Germany, version 4.7.1)
- Wavelength: 570 nm
TEST FOR DIRECT MTT REDUCTION AND COLOUR INTERFERENCE
- Prior to the start of the test, the test item’s colour interference potential had to be evaluated. For this purpose the colourless test item (10 µL) was mixed with 90 µL of deionised water in a pre-experiment. The test item/water mixture was gently shaken for 15 minutes at room temperature.
- For correct interpretation of results it is necessary to assess the ability of the test item to directly reduce MTT. To test for this ability 10 µL of the test item was added to 2 mL of MTT solution (0.3 mg/mL) and the mixture will be incubated in the dark at 37 ± 1.5 °C (5 ± 0.5% CO2) for 3 hours. MTT solution with 10 µL of DMEM was used as the control. - Control samples:
- yes, concurrent negative control
- yes, concurrent positive control
- Amount/concentration applied:
- 10 µL
- Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 15 min
- Duration of post-treatment incubation (if applicable):
- 42.25 hrs
- Number of replicates:
- Triplicates
Results and discussion
In vitro
Results
- Irritation / corrosion parameter:
- % tissue viability
- Run / experiment:
- 15 min exposure with 10 µL undiluted substance
- Value:
- 23.8
- Vehicle controls validity:
- not applicable
- Negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Other effects / acceptance of results:
- OTHER EFFECTS:
- Direct-MTT reduction: Optical evaluation of the MTT-reducing capacity of the test item after 3 hour incubation with MTT-reagent did not show blue colour.
- Colour interference with MTT: The optical pre-experiment (colour interference pre-experiment) to investigate the test item’s colour change potential in water did not lead to a change in colour.
ACCEPTANCE OF RESULTS:
- Acceptance criteria met for negative control: After treatment with the negative control the absorbance values were well within the required acceptability criterion of mean OD ≥ 0.6 till ≤ 1.5 (0.612-0.617) for the 15 minutes treatment interval thus showing the quality of the tissues.
- Acceptance criteria met for positive control: Treatment with the positive control induced a decrease in the relative absorbance as compared to the negative control to 4.3% (< 40%) thus ensuring the validity of the test system.
- Acceptance criteria met for variability between replicate measurements: The rel. standard deviations between the % variability values of the test item, the positive and negative controls were below 13% (≤ 18%), thus ensuring the validity of the study.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- other: Skin irritant category 2
- Remarks:
- in accordance with CLP (1272/2008 and its updates)
- Conclusions:
- Under the conditions of this study the test item was considered to be irritating to the skin, because the relative mean tissue viability was below 50% after 15 min exposure.
- Executive summary:
The skin irritation potential of the test substance was tested in vitro using the EPISKIN™ model after a treatment period of 15 minutes followed by a post-exposure incubation period of 42.25 hours. The study procedures were according to OECD TG 439 and GLP principles. The principle of the assay was based on the measurement of cytotoxicity in reconstructed human epidermal cultures following topical exposure to the test substance by means of the colorimetric MTT reduction assay. Triplicate tissues were treated with 10 µL undiluted test item for an exposure period of 15 minutes. Concurrent positive (5% SLS solution in deionized water) and negative (deionized water) controls were included. After MTT-loading a biopsy of each epidermis was made and placed into micro tubes containing isopropanol containing 0.04 N HCl for extraction of formazan crystals out of the MTT-loaded tissues. The optical density was measured at 570 nm.Tests for direct MTT reduction and colour interference were negative.Data are presented as relative viability (%) (MTT reduction in the test item treated tissues relative to negative control tissues). The relative mean viability of the test item treated tissues was 23.8%. Under the conditions of this study the test item was considered to be irritating to the skin, because the relative mean tissue viability was below 50% after 15 min exposure.
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