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EC number: 219-948-3 | CAS number: 2580-77-0
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to fish
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to fish
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- The study was conducted between 01 Agust 2016 and 13 September 2016
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test)
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.1 (Acute Toxicity for Fish)
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Identification: BHES
Physical state/Appearance: White solid block
Batch: 160226
Purity: 99.64%
Expiry Date: 01 March 2017
Storage Conditions: Room temperature in the dark - Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- Range finding test:
A sample of each test concentration was taken for chemical analysis at 0 and 24 hours in order to determine the stability of the test item under test conditions. All samples were stored frozen prior to analysis. Only concentrations within the range to be used for the definitive test were analyzed.
Definitive test:
Water samples were taken from the control and each test group at 0 and 72 hours from fresh media and at 24 and 96 hours from old media for quantitative analysis. All samples were stored frozen prior to analysis.
Duplicate samples and samples at 24 (fresh media), 48 (old and fresh media) and 72 hours (old media) were taken and stored frozen for further analysis if necessary. - Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- Range finding test:
In the range-finding test fish were exposed to a series of nominal test concentrations of 1.0, 10 and 100 mg/L.
A nominal amount of test item (4000 mg) was dissolved in test water and the volume adjusted to 1 liter to give the 4000 mg/L stock solution from which a series of dilutions was made to give the required test concentrations of 1.0, 10 and 100 mg/L.
The stock solution was inverted several times and the test concentrations were stirred for approximately 1 minute with a flat bladed mixer to ensure adequate mixing and homogeneity.
Definitive test:
Based on the results of the range-finding test the following test concentrations were assigned to the definitive test: 10, 18, 32, 56 and 100 mg/L.
A nominal amount of test item (8000 mg) was dissolved in test water and the volume adjusted to 2 liters to give the 4000 mg/L stock solution. Aliquots (50, 90, 160, 280 and 500 mL) were taken and the volume adjusted to 20 liters to produce the 10, 18, 32, 56 and 100 mg/L test concentrations.
The stock solution was inverted several times and the test concentrations were stirred for approximately 1 minute with a flat bladed mixer to ensure adequate mixing and homogeneity. - Test organisms (species):
- Oncorhynchus mykiss (previous name: Salmo gairdneri)
- Details on test organisms:
- The test was carried out using juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Fish were obtained from Brow Well Fisheries Limited, Hebden, near Skipton, Yorkshire, UK and maintained in house since 16 August 2016. Fish were maintained in a glass fiber tank with a "single pass" water renewal system. Fish were acclimatized to test conditions from 28 August 2016 to 05 September 2016. The lighting cycle was controlled to give a 16 hours light and 8 hours darkness cycle with 20 minute dawn and dusk transition periods.
The water temperature was controlled at 14 °C with a dissolved oxygen content of greater than or equal to 8.9 mg O2/L. These parameters were recorded daily. The stock fish were fed commercial trout pellets which was discontinued approximately 23 hours prior to the start of the definitive test. There was no mortality in the 7 days prior to the start of the test and the fish had a mean standard length of 5.0 cm (sd = 0.58) and a mean weight of 1.0 g (sd = 0.41) at the end of the definitive test. Based on the mean weight value this gave a loading rate of 0.35 g bodyweight/liter (static volume).
The diet and diluent water are considered not to contain any contaminant that would affect the integrity and outcome of the study. - Test type:
- semi-static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 96 h
- Hardness:
- 140 mg/L as CaCO3
- Test temperature:
- 11 °C to 14 °C
- pH:
- 7.6 - 8.3
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 8.3 - 10.7 mg O2/L
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Analysis of the test preparations at 0, 24 and 96 hours showed measured test concentrations to be near nominal and so it was considered justifiable to calculate the LC50 values in terms of the nominal test concentrations only.
Concentrations were as follows:
Range finding test - 1.0, 10 and 100 mg/L.
Definitive test - 10, 18, 32, 56 and 100 mg/L. - Details on test conditions:
- Range finding test:
In the range-finding test three fish were placed in each test and control vessel and maintained in a temperature controlled room at 13 °C to 14 °C with a photoperiod of 16 hours light and
8 hours darkness with 20 minute dawn and dusk transition periods for a period of 96 hours under static test conditions. Each 25-30 liter test and control vessel contained 20 liters of test media and was covered to reduce evaporation. After 1, 3, 6, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours any mortalities or sub-lethal effects of exposure were determined by visual inspection of the test fish.
The control group was maintained under identical conditions but not exposed to the test item.
Defintive test:
As in the range-finding test, 25-30 liter glass exposure vessels containing 20 liters of test media were used for each control and test concentration. At the start of the test seven fish were placed in each test vessel at random, in the test preparations. The test vessels were then covered to reduce evaporation and maintained at 11 °C to 14 °C in a temperature controlled room with a photoperiod of 16 hours light and 8 hours darkness with 20 minute dawn and dusk transition periods for a period of 96 hours. The test vessels were aerated via narrow bore glass tubes. The fish were not individually identified and received no food during exposure.
The control group was maintained under identical conditions but not exposed to the test item.
A semi-static test regime was employed in the test involving a daily renewal of the test preparations to prevent the buildup of nitrogenous waste products. - Reference substance (positive control):
- no
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Details on results:
- Range finding test:
The results showed no mortalities at the test concentrations of 1.0 and 10 mg/L. However, one mortality was observed at 100 mg/L after 24 hrs.
Based on this information test concentrations of 10, 18, 32, 56 and 100 mg/L were selected for the definitive test.
Chemical analysis of the test preparations at 0 and 24 hours showed near nominal concentrations were obtained, indicating that the test item was stable under test conditions.
Definitive test:
Mortality Data:
There were no mortalities in 7 fish exposed to test concentrations of 10, 18, 32 and 100 mg/L for a period of 96 hours. However, there was mortality in 1 out of 7 fish exposed to a test concentration of 56 mg/L at 96 hrs.
Exposure of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) to the test item gave LC50 values based on the nominal test concentrations of greater than 100 mg/L. The No Observed Effect Concentration was 100 mg/L.
Sub-Lethal Effects:
There were no sub-lethal effects of exposure observed in the test. - Sublethal observations / clinical signs:
Validation Criteria
The test was considered to be valid given that none of the control fish died or showed signs of stress during the test and that the oxygen concentration at the end of the test was ≥60% of ASV (6.1 mg O2/L) in the control and test vessels.
Water Quality Criteria
Temperature was maintained at 11 °C to 14 °C throughout the test, while there were no treatment related differences for oxygen concentration or pH.
Some of the temperatures were measured to be slightly in excess of the 13 °C to 17 °C given in the study plan. This was considered not to affect the results of the test as no adverse effects of exposure were observed throughout the duration of the test.
Observations on Test Item Solubility
At the start and throughout the test the control and all test concentrations were observed to be clear colorless solutions.
Cumulative mortality data in the definitive test is presented in the table below:
Nominal
Concentration
(mg/L)
Cumulative Mortality (Initial Population = 7)
Percentage
Mortality
3
Hours6
Hours24 Hours
48 Hours
72 Hours
96 Hours
96
HoursControl
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
10
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
18
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
32
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
56
0
0
0
0
0
1
14
100
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Sub-lethal effects of exposure in the definitive test are presented in the following table:
Nominal Concentration
(mg/L)
Sub-lethal Effects
Time (Hours)
3
6
24
48
72
96
Control
No abnormalities detected
7
7
7
7
7
7
10
No abnormalities detected
7
7
7
7
7
7
18
No abnormalities detected
7
7
7
7
7
7
32
No abnormalities detected
7
7
7
7
7
7
56
No abnormalities detected
7
7
7
7
7
6
100
No abnormalities detected
7
7
7
7
7
7
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- The acute toxicity of the test item to the freshwater fish rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) has been investigated and based on the nominal test concentrations gave a 96-Hour LC50 of greater than 100 mg/L. The No Observed Effect Concentration was 100 mg/L.
- Executive summary:
Introduction
A study was performed to assess the acute toxicity of the test item to rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). The method followed was designed to be compatible with the OECD Guidelines for Testing of Chemicals (1992) No 203, "Fish, Acute Toxicity Test" referenced as Method C.1 of Commission Regulation (EC) No. 440/2008.
Methods
Following a preliminary range-finding test, fish were exposed, in groups of seven, to an aqueous solution of the test item over a range of concentrations of 10, 18, 32, 56, 100 mg/L for a period of 96 hours at a temperature of approximately 11°C to 14 °C under semi-static test conditions. The number of mortalities and any sub-lethal effects of exposure in each test and control vessel were determined 1, 3 and 6 hours after the start of exposure and then daily throughout the test until termination after 96 hours.
Results…….
Analysis of the test preparations at 0, 24 and 96 hours showed measured test concentrations to be near nominal and so the results are based on nominal test concentrations only.
Exposure of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) to the test item gave LC50values based on the nominal test concentrations of greater than 100 mg/L. The No Observed Effect Concentration was 100 mg/L.
Reference
Description of key information
Introduction
A study was performed to assess the acute toxicity of the test item to rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). The method followed was designed to be compatible with the OECD Guidelines for Testing of Chemicals (1992) No 203, "Fish, Acute Toxicity Test" referenced as Method C.1 of Commission Regulation (EC) No. 440/2008.
Methods
Following a preliminary range-finding test, fish were exposed, in groups of seven, to an aqueous solution of the test item over a range of concentrations of 10, 18, 32, 56, 100 mg/L for a period of 96 hours at a temperature of approximately 11°C to 14 °C under semi-static test conditions. The number of mortalities and any sub-lethal effects of exposure in each test and control vessel were determined 1, 3 and 6 hours after the start of exposure and then daily throughout the test until termination after 96 hours.
Results…….
Analysis of the test preparations at 0, 24 and 96 hours showed measured test concentrations to be near nominal and so the results are based on nominal test concentrations only.
Exposure of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) to the test item gave LC50values based on the nominal test concentrations of greater than 100 mg/L. The No Observed Effect Concentration was 100 mg/L.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water fish
Fresh water fish
- Effect concentration:
- 100 mg/L
Additional information
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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