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EC number: 203-008-4 | CAS number: 102-16-9
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Genetic toxicity: in vitro
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- in vitro gene mutation study in bacteria
- Remarks:
- Type of genotoxicity: gene mutation
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- data from handbook or collection of data
- Justification for type of information:
- Data is from CEBS (Chemical Effect in Biological System) report
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Gene mutation toxicity study for Benzyl phenylacetate
- Author:
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS)
- Year:
- 2 015
- Bibliographic source:
- Chemical Effect in Biological System, CEBS no. 002-01716-0001-0000-8
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 471 (Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay)
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Gene mutation study by the preincubation assay was performed to determine the mutagenic nature of benzyl phenylacetate
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Type of assay:
- bacterial gene mutation assay
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Benzyl phenylacetate
- EC Number:
- 203-008-4
- EC Name:
- Benzyl phenylacetate
- Cas Number:
- 102-16-9
- Molecular formula:
- C15H14O2
- IUPAC Name:
- benzyl phenylacetate
- Details on test material:
- Name of test material (as cited in study report): Benzyl phenylacetate
Substance type: Organic
Physical state: Liquid
Constituent 1
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- - Name of test material: Benzyl phenylacetate
- Molecular formula: C15H14O2
- Molecular weight: 226.2736 g/mol
- Substance type: Organic
- Physical state: No data
- Purity: No data
- Impurities (identity and concentrations): No data
Method
- Target gene:
- Histidine
Species / strain
- Species / strain / cell type:
- S. typhimurium, other: TA97, TA98, TA100 and TA1535
- Details on mammalian cell type (if applicable):
- Not applicable
- Additional strain / cell type characteristics:
- not specified
- Cytokinesis block (if used):
- No data
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Metabolic activation system:
- 10% and 30% rat liver and hamster liver S9 fraction
- Test concentrations with justification for top dose:
- TA100 and TA98: 0, 0.3, 1, 3, 10, 33, 66, 100, 333, 1000, 3333 or 10000 µg/plate
TA 1535 and TA1537: 0, 0.3, 1, 3, 10, 33, 100, 333, 1000, 3333 or 10000 µg/plate - Vehicle / solvent:
- - Vehicle(s)/solvent(s) used: DMSO
- Justification for choice of solvent/vehicle: The chemical was solubel in DMSO
Controls
- Untreated negative controls:
- not specified
- Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
- yes
- Remarks:
- DMSO
- True negative controls:
- not specified
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Positive control substance:
- not specified
- Details on test system and experimental conditions:
- METHOD OF APPLICATION : Pre incubation
DURATION
No data
SELECTION AGENT (mutation assays):No data
SPINDLE INHIBITOR (cytogenetic assays):No data
STAIN (for cytogenetic assays):No data
NUMBER OF REPLICATIONS: No data
NUMBER OF CELLS EVALUATED:
No data
METHOD OF APPLICATION: preincubation
- Cell density at seeding (if applicable): No data
DURATION
- Preincubation period: No data
- Exposure duration: No data
- Expression time (cells in growth medium): No data
- Selection time (if incubation with a selection agent): No data
- Fixation time (start of exposure up to fixation or harvest of cells): No data
SELECTION AGENT (mutation assays): No data
SPINDLE INHIBITOR (cytogenetic assays): v
STAIN (for cytogenetic assays): No data
NUMBER OF REPLICATIONS: No data
METHODS OF SLIDE PREPARATION AND STAINING TECHNIQUE USED: No data
NUMBER OF CELLS EVALUATED: No data
NUMBER OF METAPHASE SPREADS ANALYSED PER DOSE (if in vitro cytogenicity study in mammalian cells): No data
CRITERIA FOR MICRONUCLEUS IDENTIFICATION: No data
DETERMINATION OF CYTOTOXICITY
- Method: mitotic index; cloning efficiency; relative total growth; other: No data
- Any supplementary information relevant to cytotoxicity: Yes, cytotoxicity was noted
OTHER EXAMINATIONS:
- Determination of polyploidy: No data
- Determination of endoreplication: No data
- Methods, such as kinetochore antibody binding, to characterize whether micronuclei contain whole or fragmented chromosomes (if applicable): No data
- OTHER: - Rationale for test conditions:
- No data
- Evaluation criteria:
- The plates were observed for a dose dependent increase in the number of revertants/plate
- Statistics:
- Mean ± standard error of mean
Results and discussion
Test results
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium, other: TA97, TA98, TA100 and TA1535
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- not specified
- Remarks:
- Slight toxicity was noted
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- not specified
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Additional information on results:
- No data
Any other information on results incl. tables
Strain: TA100
Dose |
No Activation (Negative) |
No Activation (Negative) |
30% RLI (Negative) |
30% HLI (Negative) |
10% RLI (Negative) |
10% HLI (Negative) |
||||||
Protocol |
Preincubation |
Preincubation |
Preincubation |
Preincubation |
Preincubation |
Preincubation |
||||||
µg/plate |
Mean |
±SEM |
Mean |
±SEM |
Mean |
±SEM |
Mean |
±SEM |
Mean |
±SEM |
Mean |
±SEM |
0 |
141 |
7.3 |
106 |
3.7 |
161 |
5.1 |
165 |
4.1 |
145 |
7 |
117 |
8.2 |
0.3 |
|
|
101 |
2.3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
154 |
4.3 |
104 |
4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3 |
154 |
10.8 |
97 |
6.9 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10 |
150 |
14.6 |
109 |
8 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
33 |
152 |
835 |
89 |
1.7 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
66 |
58 s |
4.8 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
100 |
|
|
|
|
157 |
1.5 |
190 |
11.7 |
130 |
9.9 |
123 |
3.6 |
333 |
|
|
|
|
180 |
7.1 |
161 |
12.8 |
128 |
3.5 |
130 |
10.1 |
1000 |
|
|
|
|
163 |
1.7 |
190 |
9.7 |
122 |
5.8 |
118 |
10.1 |
3333 |
|
|
|
|
173 |
4.7 |
148 |
20.2 |
106 |
12.4 |
116 |
3.5 |
10000 |
|
|
|
|
153 |
7.9 |
186 |
17.3 |
104 |
13.8 |
105 |
5.9 |
Positive Control |
466 |
15.3 |
7.4 |
58.5 |
443 |
42.6 |
638 |
10.9 |
422 |
16.5 |
587 |
43.3 |
Strain :TA1535
Dose |
No Activation (Negative) |
No Activation (Negative) |
30% RLI (Negative) |
30% HLI (Negative) |
10% RLI (Negative) |
10% HLI (Negative) |
||||||
Protocol |
Preincubation |
Preincubation |
Preincubation |
Preincubation |
Preincubation |
Preincubation |
||||||
µg/plate |
Mean |
±SEM |
Mean |
±SEM |
Mean |
±SEM |
Mean |
±SEM |
Mean |
±SEM |
Mean |
±SEM |
0 |
12 12 |
1.9 |
12 |
1.5 |
12 |
0.3 |
13 |
2.1 |
13 |
2 |
14 |
2.9 |
0.3 |
12 |
1.2 |
8 |
0.9 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
9 |
0.9 |
9 |
0.7 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3 |
10 |
1.2 |
7 |
0.9 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10 |
10 |
2.1 |
10 |
2.3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
33 |
9 |
1 |
10 |
1.9 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
100 |
|
|
|
|
19.3 |
0.3 |
12 |
0.9 |
13 |
2.3 |
12 |
0.3 |
333 |
|
|
|
|
15 |
2.3 |
8 |
1.5 |
13 |
3.7 |
10 |
2.6 |
1000 |
|
|
|
|
12 |
0.3 |
4 |
1.2 |
8 |
2.2 |
12 |
1.7 |
3333 |
|
|
|
|
9 |
0.6 |
8 |
1.5 |
10 |
1.5 |
9 |
1.5 |
10000 |
|
|
|
|
8 |
1.2 |
7 |
0.7 |
8 |
2 |
10 |
2.2 |
Positive Control |
585 |
19.9 |
635 |
37.5 |
106 |
10.8 |
256 |
24.9 |
71 |
8.1 |
61 |
0.9 |
Strain :TA97
Dose |
No Activation (Negative) |
No Activation (Negative) |
30% RLI (Negative) |
30% HLI (Negative) |
10% RLI (Negative) |
10% HLI (Negative) |
||||||
Protocol |
Preincubation |
Preincubation |
Preincubation |
Preincubation |
Preincubation |
Preincubation |
||||||
µg/plate |
Mean |
±SEM |
Mean |
±SEM |
Mean |
±SEM |
Mean |
±SEM |
Mean |
±SEM |
Mean |
±SEM |
0 |
203 |
6.2 |
199 |
0.9 |
231 |
8 |
218 |
10.9 |
188 |
5.5 |
168 |
10 |
0.3 |
207 |
4.1 |
179 |
3.7 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
223 |
8.5 |
125 |
5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3 |
199 |
7.5 |
182 |
10.4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10 |
189 |
4 |
176 |
7.2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
33 |
191 |
4.8 |
185 |
13.7 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
100 |
|
|
|
|
237 |
11.7 |
227 |
2.6 |
190 |
5.6 |
187 |
8.6 |
333 |
|
|
|
|
242 c |
15.5 |
211 |
5.9 |
220 |
9.7 |
189 |
15.8 |
1000 |
|
|
|
|
243 |
6.6 |
199 |
11.6 |
187 |
1.8 |
164 |
12.7 |
3333 |
|
|
|
|
254 |
15.7 |
204 |
16.3 |
148 |
10.4 |
146 |
4.3 |
10000 |
|
|
|
|
190 |
2.3 |
185 |
14.6 |
162 |
13.3 |
128 |
5 |
Positive Control |
554 |
8.3 |
470 |
27.7 |
378 |
19.7 |
426 |
12.7 |
282 |
8.6 |
342 |
48.5 |
Strain :TA98
Dose |
No Activation (Negative) |
No Activation (Negative) |
30% RLI (Negative) |
30% HLI (Negative) |
10% RLI (Negative) |
10% HLI (Negative) |
10% RLI (Negative) |
10% HLI (Negative) |
||||||||
Protocol |
Preincubation |
Preincubation |
Preincubation |
Preincubation |
Preincubation |
Preincubation |
Preincubation |
Preincubation |
||||||||
µg/plate |
Mean |
±SEM |
Mean |
±SEM |
Mean |
±SEM |
Mean |
±SEM |
Mean |
±SEM |
Mean |
±SEM |
|
|
|
|
0 |
22 |
3.1 |
21 |
3.7 |
23 |
3.1 |
20 |
2.6 |
27 |
3.2 |
20 |
2.4 |
23 |
0.3 |
22 |
5.8 |
0.3 |
|
|
17 |
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
24 |
2.5 |
20 |
4.4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3 |
27 |
1.8 |
12 |
3.2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10 |
22 |
1.7 |
19 |
2.8 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
21 |
2.3 |
|
|
16 |
2.1 |
33 |
15 |
1.5 |
17 |
0.6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
19 |
1.5 |
|
|
15 |
1.5 |
66 |
4s |
1.7 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
100 |
|
|
|
|
23 |
44 |
22 |
2.6 |
18 |
1.5 |
14 |
1.2 |
17 |
0.6 |
18 |
1 |
333 |
|
|
|
|
24 |
2.7 |
24 |
4.8 |
19 |
4.3 |
8 |
1.9 |
16 |
0.6 |
12 |
2.3 |
100 |
|
|
|
|
16 2 |
2 |
22 |
4.3 |
13 |
2.2 |
5s |
0.9 |
11 |
1.2 |
11 |
0.9 |
3333 |
|
|
|
|
15 |
2.9 |
18 |
1.5 |
9s |
2.3 |
|
|
7s |
0.9 |
|
|
1000 |
|
|
|
|
12 s |
1.9 |
10 |
2.2 |
5s |
0.9 |
|
|
4s |
1 |
|
|
Positive Control |
399 |
23.8 |
894 |
16.8 |
129 |
3.8 |
345 |
9.1 |
332 |
30.3 |
341 |
15 |
473 |
18.5 |
584 |
7.8 |
RLI = induced male Sprague Dawley rat liver S9
HLI = induced male Syrian hamster liver S9
s = Slight Toxicity; p = Precipitate; x = Slight Toxicity and Precipitate; t = Toxic; c = Contamination
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Benzyl phenylacetate did not induce a a dose dependent increase in the number of revertants per plate in Salmonella typhimurium strain TA97, TA98, TA1535 and TA100 with and without 10% and 30% rat liver and hamster liver S9 metabolic activation system and hence exhibited no mutagenic activity under the given test conditions.
- Executive summary:
Gene mutation toxicity study was performed to determine the mutagenic nature of benzyl phenylacetate using preincubation assay. The study was performed using Salmonella typhimurium strain TA97, TA98, TA1535 and TA100 with and without 10% and 30% rat liver and hamster liver S9 metabolic activation system. The study was performed at dose level of 0, 0.3, 1, 3, 10, 33, 66, 100, 333, 1000, 3333 or 10000 µg/plate for TA100 and TA98 and at a dose level of
0, 0.3, 1, 3, 10, 33, 100, 333, 1000, 3333 or 10000 µg/plate for TA1535 and TA97 with DMSO as the solvent. The plates were observed for a dose dependent increase in the number of revertants/plate. Benzyl phenylacetate did not induce a dose dependent increase in the number of revertants per plate and hence exhibited no mutagenic activity under the given test conditions.
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