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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 215-687-4 | CAS number: 1344-09-8
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to fish
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to fish
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Acceptable procedure and publication
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Method: other: no method cited
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Analytical monitoring:
- not specified
- Vehicle:
- not specified
- Test organisms (species):
- Oncorhynchus mykiss (previous name: Salmo gairdneri)
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Rainbow trout
Age/size/weight/loading: 4-7 cm body length, 0.7-4.0 g body weight, 4-5 months old - Test type:
- not specified
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Test temperature:
- 14-17°C
- pH:
- 6.8 - 8.0
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- 260 - 310 mg/L
- Sublethal observations / clinical signs:
Results: exposed - Nominal/measured concentrations: not reported - Effect data (Mortality): LC50 (24 h): 352 mg/L (average of 4 replicates; range: 314-390 mg/L); LC50 (48 h): 302 mg/L (range: 266-340 mg/L); LC50(96h): 281 mg/L (range: 260-310 mg/L) - Concentration / response curve: not reported - Effect concentration vs. test substance solubility: Samples which have higher concentration than 300 mg/L decreased to 160 mg/L through polymerization at pH 7.2 - 7.8. At higher S. SiO2concentration as 350 mg/L, the negative charge of colloidal silica increased with aging time at neutral zone. - Other effects: The death of rainbow trout were considered to be caused by necrosis of the gill filaments with the colloidal silica. Results: Control - Number/percentage of animals showing adverse effects: not reported - Nature of adverse effects: not reported. Results: Test with reference substance - Concentrations: not reported - Results: not reported.
- Conclusions:
- The authors state that the allowable S. SiO2 concentration
of a treated waste water containing water glass would be 150
mg/L in order to avoid sol formation. Thence, 100 mg/L of S.
SiO2 concentration could practically be set as an allowable
concentration of the treated effluent. - Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to fish
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: GLP Guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test)
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- in the final test a range of concentrations with 5600 mg/L as the highest concentration was tested instead of 1000 mg/L
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Remarks:
- TNO Division of Technology for Society, Delft, The Netherlands.
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Details on sampling:
- pH and oxygen concentration (daily)
- Vehicle:
- yes
- Test organisms (species):
- Danio rerio (previous name: Brachydanio rerio)
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Zebra fish
- Source: M.B. Ruysbroek B.V. (Noordvliet 159, Maassluis)
- Age/size/weight/loading: size 2.5±0.2 cm long, weight 0.14±0.03 g
- Feeding during test: no - Test type:
- semi-static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Total exposure duration:
- 96 h
- Hardness:
- 210 mg/l CaCO3
- Test temperature:
- 25±1°C
- pH:
- 8.0-8.2 after aeration
- Dissolved oxygen:
- > 6.0 mg/l
- Salinity:
- trace elements << 1 mg/L
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- 100, 180, 320, 560, 1000, 1800, 3200 and 5600 mg silicate solution/L corresponding to 35, 63, 111, 195, 348, 626, 1114 and 1949 mg active matter/L
- Reference substance (positive control):
- no
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 348 mg/L
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- 1 108 mg/L
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC100
- Effect conc.:
- 1 949 mg/L
- Sublethal observations / clinical signs:
RESULTS: EXPOSED - Nominal/measured concentrations: 24h, 48h, 72h and 96h LC50: 3710, 3360, 3269 and 3185 mg/L respectively. 96h LC100: 5600 mg/L, 96 h NOEC (mortality): 1000 mg/L and 96 h NOEC (swimming behaviour): 3200 mg/L - Effect data (Mortality): at 96 hours all fish had died at 5600 mg/L (1949 mg active matter/L) It is suggested that mortality at concentration >= 1800 mg/L may have been caused by the high pH value. - Concentration / response curve: the slope was 0.24 (95% confidence interval 0.14-0.33) - Effect concentration vs. test substance solubility: not reported - Other effects: the fish did not show any abnormal behavior. RESULTS: CONTROL - Number/percentage of animals showing adverse effects: surviving fish did not show abnormal swimming behaviour - Nature of adverse effects: not applicable.
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to fish
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- other information
- Reliability:
- 4 (not assignable)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Only toxicological values available, no further test conditions have been described in the review document
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Method: no data
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Analytical monitoring:
- not specified
- Test organisms (species):
- Lepomis macrochirus
- Test type:
- not specified
- Water media type:
- not specified
- Total exposure duration:
- 96 h
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- 301 - 478 mg/L
- Sublethal observations / clinical signs:
RS-Freetext:
No further test results have been provided.
Referenceopen allclose all
Description of key information
LC50 (96 h): 1108 mg/L (Brachydanio rerio)
LC50 (96 h): 260 - 310 mg/L (Onchorhynchus mykiss)
NOEC (96 h, Mortality): 348 mg/L (Brachydanio rerio)
However, for the purpose of risk assessment and as explained in the section on the calculation of Predicted No Effect Concentrations, the PNEC is derived from the ubiquitous SiO2 background concentration in freshwater in Europe, which is 7.5 mg/L.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
A semi-static study with Brachydanio rerio by Adema (1988), following OECD guideline 203, was performed under GLP for a sodium silicate solution (MR 3.46, 34.8 wt %). The 96 h LC50 was determined to be 1108 mg active matter/L. The NOEC values for mortality and swimming behaviour were 348 and 1114 mg active matter/L, respectively. The pH varied depending on the test substance concentration from 7.9 to 10.3.
In another non-GLP study, Maruyama et al. (1989) examined the toxicity of a neutralised sodium silicate solution (MR 3.1, concentration not indicated) to rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). In four replicates the 96 h LC50 varied from 260 mg/L (pH 6.8 - 7.5,) to 310 mg/L (pH 7.2 - 8.0). Necrosis of gill filaments as a result of the formation of colloidal silica was observed. However, this is considered a physical rather than toxic effect.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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