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EC number: 205-550-7 | CAS number: 142-62-1
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- migrated information: read-across based on grouping of substances (category approach)
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 11 September 2002 - 02 October 2002
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: see 'Remark'
- Remarks:
- GLP - Guideline study, tested with the source substance CAS 111-14-8. In accordance to the ECHA guidance document “Practical guide 6: How to report read-across and categories (March 2010)”, the reliability was changed from RL1 to RL2 to reflect the fact that this study was conducted on a read-across substance
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 211 (Daphnia magna Reproduction Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Remarks:
- According to Japanese GLP standard
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
- Melting point: -10/-7 °C
- Boiling point: 223 °C
- Vapour pressure: 1 mmHg at 78 °C, 10 mmHg at 113.2 °C, 100 mmHg at 160 °C
- Water solubility (under test conditions): 2410 mg/L at 15 °C - Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Sampling method: 1 mL of test water was directly sampled by each vessel.
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: Test item was dissoved in water. Stock solution was 100 mg/L. Each concentration was prepared by diluting stock solution.
- Controls: Blank control
- Evidence of undissolved material (e.g. precipitate, surface film, etc): Apperance of test water was clear colorless in all concetration. - Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Water flea
- Source: Incorporated Administrative Agency, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan
- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): within 24 hours
- Feeding during test
- Food type: Chlorella vulgaris
- Amount: 0.15 mgC/animal/day
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period for parental animals: From 2002/08/14 to 2002/09/11
- Acclimation conditions (same as test or not): Similar to test condition
- Type and amount of food: Chlorella vulgaris, 0.2 mgC/animal/day
- Health during acclimation (any mortality observed): 0% mortality during 2 weeks before study initiation - Test type:
- semi-static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 21 d
- Hardness:
- 250 - 265 (as CaCO3) mg/L
- Test temperature:
- 20.0 - 20.6 °C
- pH:
- 6.1 - 8.2
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 4.3 - 8.8 mg/L
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal concentration: 5, 10, 20, 40 and 80 mg/L
Measured concentration: 3.5, 8.7, 17.9, 40.3 and 77.8 mg/L - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 100 mL beaker
- Type (delete if not applicable): closed, covered with teflon sheet
- Material, fill volume: glass, 80 mL
- Aeration: No
- Renewal rate of test solution (frequency/flow rate): Test water was changed every 24 hours.
- No. of organisms per vessel: 1
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 10
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 10
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- M4 medium was used.
- Culture medium different from test medium: Same as test medium
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: No adjustment
- Photoperiod: 16 hours in the light, 8 hours in the dark
- Light intensity: < 800 lux
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
General condition and mortality of parental animal was observed everyday.
Time to first brood production was recorded.
Cumulative number of juveniles produced per adult alive for 21 days were counted.
VEHICLE CONTROL PERFORMED: no
RANGE-FINDING STUDY: Acute immobilisation test was performed.
- Test concentrations: 72 mg/L
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: EC50 for 48 hours was 72 mg/L. - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- potassium dichromate
- Duration:
- 21 d
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 17.9 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (TWA)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- reproduction
- Duration:
- 21 d
- Dose descriptor:
- LOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 40.3 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (TWA)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- reproduction
- Duration:
- 21 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 46.8 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (TWA)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- reproduction
- Remarks on result:
- other: 43.7 - 77.8 mg/L
- Duration:
- 21 d
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- 52.2 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (TWA)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Remarks:
- of parental animals
- Remarks on result:
- other: 40.3 - 77.8 mg/L
- Details on results:
- - Mortality of parent animals: See table 1
- No. of offspring produced per day per female: See table 2
- Time to first brood release or time to hatch was within 9 days in cotrol group, 5, 10 and 20 mg/L groups. In 40 mg/L group, it was 9.8 day and sinificant difference was indicated. In 80 mg/L group, parental animals were dead before first brood production. - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- - Results with reference substance valid? Yes
- Relevant effect levels: EC50 = 0.89 mg/L - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- Binomial test was applied for LC50, logit test for EC50, and Dunnett's multicomparison test for NOEC and LOEC.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
Reference
Table 1. Mortality (%) of parental Daphnia
Nominal concentration (mg/L) |
Mean measured concentration (mg/L) |
Days |
|||||
1 |
2 |
4 |
7 |
14 |
21 |
||
Control |
- |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
10 |
5 |
3.5 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
10 |
8.7 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
20 |
17.9 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
40 |
40.3 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
10 |
80 |
77.8 |
100 |
100 |
100 |
100 |
100 |
100 |
Table 2. Cumulative number of juveniles produced per adult alive
Nominal concentration (mg/L) |
Mean measured concentration (mg/L) |
Mean Cumulative Numbers of Juveniles ± S.D. |
Inhibition Rate (%) |
Significant difference |
Control |
- |
104.4± 7.1 |
- |
|
5 |
3.5 |
142.0 ± 7.3 |
-36.0 |
* |
10 |
8.7 |
145.8 ± 15.8 |
-39.6 |
** |
20 |
17.9 |
161.1 ± 11.3 |
-54.2 |
** |
40 |
40.3 |
92.1 ± 35.2 |
11.8 |
V |
80 |
77.8 |
0 |
100 |
++ |
*,**: Indicates a significant difference (α =0.05, 0.01) from the control. Mean cumulative number for this concentration level was higher than that for control group. It was considered that a test substance (n-heptanoic acid) was nutrition for bacteria and degraded in water. It was concluded that this concentration level did not show adverse effect on Daphnia reproduction.
V: Indicates no significant difference from mean value of the control. However, the variance was significantly (α=0.05) different from the control and its coefficient of variation was remarkably large exceeding 38%. It was concluded that this concentration level showed adverse effect on Daphnia reproduction.
++: Statistical comparison test could not be performed because parental animals were dead.
Description of key information
NOEC (21 d) = 17.9 mg/L (nominal, OECD 211)
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water invertebrates
Fresh water invertebrates
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect concentration:
- 17.9 mg/L
Additional information
No data on long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates are available for hexanoic acid C6 (CAS 142-62-1).
Therefore ecotoxicological effects on aquatic invertebrates are predicted from adequate and reliable data for a source substance by read-across to the target substance within the group applying the group concept in accordance with Annex XI, Item 1.5, of Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006.
Due to an increasing toxicity with increasing chain length from hexanoic acid C6 to decanoic acid C10 for aquatic invertebrates read across is performed to heptanoic acid C7 (CAS 111-14-8) since this substance is the most structurally related one in comparison to hexanoic acid.
In the study provided from the Ministry of the Environment, Government of Japan (2002), heptanoic acid C7 was tested according to OECD 211 under GLP-conditions. Daphnids (Daphnia magna) were exposed to 0, 5, 10, 20, 40 and 80 mg/L (nominal, measured values were in the range of 92 – 111% of nominal values) for 21 d. NOEC (21 d) and EC50 (21 d) values of 17.9 mg/L (nominal) and 72 mg/L (nominal) were derived, respectively.
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