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EC number: 442-480-8 | CAS number: 182893-11-4
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Description of key information
As evidence of full thickness destruction of the skin (scar formation; evidenced by the notably white skin) was obtained during the observation period, it was concluded that corrosion of the skin had occurred by dermal application of MIKP to the intact rabbit skin. Based on these findings performing an eye irritation/corrosion study is not justified. There is no data on respiratory irritation.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Skin irritation / corrosion
Link to relevant study records
- Endpoint:
- skin irritation: in vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 04 December 2001 - 18 December 2001
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 404 (Acute Dermal Irritation / Corrosion)
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method B.4 (Acute Toxicity: Dermal Irritation / Corrosion)
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Species:
- rabbit
- Strain:
- New Zealand White
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Charles River Deutschland, Kisslegg, Germany
- Age at study initiation: at least 6 weeks old
- Weight at study initiation: between 1.0 and 3.5 kg.
- Housing: Individually in labelled cages with perforated floors (Scanbur, Denmark, dimensions 53.5x63x38.5 cm).
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): Standard laboratory rabbit diet (Charles River Breeding and Maintenance Diet for Rabbits, Altromin, Germany) approx. 100 g. per day. Certificates of analysis were examined and retained in the NOTOX archives. In addition, hay (BMI, Helmond, the Netherlands) was provided twice a week.
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): Free access to tap-water. Certificates of quarterly analysis were examined and retained in the NOTOX archives.
- Acclimation period: Acclimatisation period was at least 5 days before start of treatment under laboratory conditions.
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 21 ± 3
- Humidity (%): 30-70
- Air changes (per hr): 15
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12/12
IN-LIFE DATES: 04 December 2001 - 18 December 2001 - Type of coverage:
- semiocclusive
- Preparation of test site:
- other: clipped
- Vehicle:
- unchanged (no vehicle)
- Controls:
- no
- Amount / concentration applied:
- TEST MATERIAL
0.5 ml - Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 4 hours
- Observation period:
- The skin reactions were assessed at approximately 1, 24, 48 and 72 hours and 7 and 14 days after the removal of the dressings and test substance. The irritation scores and a description of all other (local) effects were recorded. Adjacent areas of the untreated skin of each animal served as controls.
Mortality/viability: twice daily
Toxicity: At least once daily
Body Weight: Day of treatment (prior to application) - Number of animals:
- 3 males
- Details on study design:
- TEST SITE
- Area of exposure: flank
- % coverage: 10x15cm
- Type of wrap if used: The test substance was applied to the skin of one flank, using a metalline patch of 2x3 cm. The patch was mounted on Micropore tape, which was wrapped around the abdomen and secured with Coban elastic bandage.
REMOVAL OF TEST SUBSTANCE
Four hours after the application, the dressing was removed and the skin cleaned of residual test substance using water.
SCORING SYSTEM:
Erythema and eschar formation:
No erythema 0
Very slight erythema (barely perceptible) 1
Well-defined erythema 2
Moderate to severe erythema 3
Severe erythema (beet redness) * 4
*. Where signs of necrosis or corrosion (injuries in depth) prevent erythema scoring, the maximum grade for erythema (= 4) is given.
Oedema formation:
No oedema 0
Very slight oedema (barely perceptible) 1
Slight oedema (edges of area well-defined by definite raising) 2
Moderate oedema (raised approximately 1 millimeter) 3
Severe oedema (raised more than 1 millimeter and extending beyond the area of exposure) 4 - Irritation parameter:
- erythema score
- Basis:
- mean
- Remarks:
- all animals
- Time point:
- other: 24-48-72 hours
- Score:
- 4
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- not fully reversible within: 14 days
- Irritation parameter:
- edema score
- Basis:
- mean
- Remarks:
- all animals
- Time point:
- other: 24-48-72
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- not fully reversible within: 14 days
- Remarks on result:
- other: reading was not possible due te severity of the effects in many cases.
- Irritant / corrosive response data:
- Four hours exposure to 0.5 ml resulted in severe erythema and moderate to severe oedema in the treated skin-areas of the three rabbits.
After removal of the bandage, white discolouration of the treated skin site was seen among all animals, which was considered to be a sign of (beginning) necrosis. Grey discolouration of the skin (a sign of necrosis) and eschar formation was noted at 1, 24, 48 and/or 72 hours after
exposure among all animals. In addition, scabs were noted among the animals during the observation period. At 14 days after exposure, a bald, noticeably white skin, and scaliness of the treated skin site was noted among all animals.
Due to eschar formation and scabs, oedema could not be scored at several time points during the observation period among all animals.
Since sufficient infomation was obtained and no reversibility of the effects was to be expected, the study was terminated after the 14 days observation. - Other effects:
- Colouration
No staining of the treated skin by the test substance was observed.
Toxicity / Mortality
No symptoms of systemic toxicity were observed in the animals during the test period and no mortality occurred. - Interpretation of results:
- Category 1B (corrosive) based on GHS criteria
- Remarks:
- Migrated information
- Conclusions:
- As evidence of full thickness destruction of the skin (scar formation; evidenced by the notably white skin) was obtained during the observation period, it was concluded that corrosion of the skin had occurred by dermal application of MIKP to the intact rabbit skin.
- Executive summary:
Primary skin irritation/corrosion study in the rabbit (4-hour semiocclusive application).
The study was carried out based on the guidelines described in: EC Commission Directive 92169/EEC, B.4, "Acute Toxicity - Skin irritation" and OECD No.404, "Acute Dermal Irritation/Corrosion".
Three rabbits were exposed to 0.5 ml of MIKP, applied onto clipped skin for 4 hours using a semi-occlusive dressing. Observations were made 1, 24, 48 and 72 hours and 7 and 14 days after exposure.
Four hours exposure resulted in severe erythema and moderate to severe oedema in the treated skin-areas of the three rabbits.
After removal of the bandage, white discolouration of the treated skin site was seen among all animals, which was considered to be a sign of (beginning) necrosis. Grey discolouration of the skin (a sign of necrosis) and eschar formation was noted at 1, 24, 48 and/or 72 hours after exposure among all animals. In addition, scabs were noted among the animals during the observation period. At 14 days after exposure, a bald, noticeably white skin, and scaliness of the treated skin site was noted among all animals. Due to eschar formation and scabs, oedema could not be scored at several time points during the observation period among all animals.
Since sufficient infomation was obtained and no reversibility of the effects was to be expected, the study was terminated after the 14 days observation.
As evidence of full thickness destruction of the skin (scar formation; evidenced by the notably white skin) was obtained during the observation period, it was concluded that corrosion of the skin had occurred by dermal application to the intact rabbit skin.
- Endpoint:
- skin corrosion: in vitro / ex vivo
- Data waiving:
- study scientifically not necessary / other information available
- Justification for data waiving:
- an in vitro skin irritation study does not need to be conducted because adequate data from an in vivo skin irritation study are available
Referenceopen allclose all
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- adverse effect observed (corrosive)
Eye irritation
Link to relevant study records
- Endpoint:
- eye irritation: in vitro / ex vivo
- Data waiving:
- study scientifically not necessary / other information available
- Justification for data waiving:
- the study does not need to be conducted because the substance is classified as skin corrosion, leading to classification as serious eye damage (Category 1)
Reference
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
Respiratory irritation
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
Additional information
Justification for classification or non-classification
Based an in vivo skin corrosion observed in a skin corrosion/irritation study MIPKP is classified Skin Corrosion cat. 1b and Eye Irritation cat. 1.
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