Ethanaminium, 2-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-N,N-dimethyl-, esters with C16-18 and C18-unsatd. fatty acids, chlorides

Toxicity to terrestrial plants

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

toxicity to terrestrial plants: short-term

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

Jan 15, 1993 - Feb 1, 1993

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 208 (Terrestrial Plants Test: Seedling Emergence and Seedling Growth Test)

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes

Specific details on test material used for the study:

- Substance type: quaternized ammonium compound
- Storage condition of test material: room temperature in the dark
- Other: Test material was supplied to the laboratory as a 4.74% active aqueous dispersion of E4429.01.
- Physical state: solid (E4429.01)

Analytical monitoring:

no

Details on sampling:

The weight of the test substance added to the soil is provided for verification of the exposure concentration

Vehicle:

no

Details on preparation and application of test substrate:

- Method of mixing into soil (if used): A quantity of 4236.0 mg of the test substance was suspended in 250 mL demineralized water. 100 mL of this suspension was added to 1800 g of damp soil (1694.1 g of dry soil and 105.9 g water) and thoroughly mixed for two minutes with a household mixer. This resulted in wet soil containing 1000 mg of test substance per kg of dry soil.
- Controls: Control samples were prepared in a similar manner by adding 100 mL of demineralized water to 1800 g of damp soil.

Species:

Avena sativa

Plant group:

Monocotyledonae (monocots)

Details on test organisms:

- Common name: Oats
- Plant family: Liliaceae (Amarylladaceae)
- Variety: Valiant
- Source of seed: CEBECO (Rotterdam, the Netherlands)

Species:

Lactuca sativa

Plant group:

Dicotyledonae (dicots)

Details on test organisms:

- Common name: Lettuce
- Plant family: Asteraceae (Compositae)
- Variety: Ravel RZ
- Source of seed: Rijk Zwaan (De Lier, the Netherlands)

Test type:

other: Seedling emergence and seedling growth test

Study type:

laboratory study

Substrate type:

other: 1:1 natural soil:sand

Limit test:

yes

Total exposure duration:

17 d

Test temperature:

19.5 to 26.0 C

pH:

Test initiation: Control soil 7.5; high dose 7.6
Test termination: Control soil 7.8; highest dose 7.8

Moisture:

25% (based on dry constituents)

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Testing facility: thermostatted room
- Test container (type, material, size): plastic cups, maximum diameter of 9.3 cm, height of 6.0 cm
- Amount of soil: 359 g prepared soil (320 g dry soil, 39 g water) per replicate
- Method of seeding: The seeds of Avena sativa were sown at a depth of about 1 cm. The seeds of Lactuca sativa were sown on top of the soil.
- No. of seeds per container: about 10
- No. of plants (retained after thinning): 5
- No. of replicates per treatment group: 4
- No. of replicates per control: 4

SOURCE AND PROPERTIES OF SUBSTRATE (if soil)
- Geographic location: The soil used was a mixture (1:1) of agricultural soil from an orchard in Heerewaarden (the Netherlands) and coarse sand (grain size 500 to 1000 µm)
- Composition (soil-sand mixture): 1.1% organic matter; 5.1% calcium carbonate; 10.1% silt - 0 to 16 um; 83.7% sand - 16-2000 um


NUTRIENT MEDIUM (if used)
- Description: 1.66 g K2HPO4 was added per kg of dry soil


GROWTH CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: 16 h light:8 h dark
- Light intensity and quality: 103 µmol s-1 m-2
- Day/night temperatures: 26.0°C day/19.5°C night
- Watering regime and schedules:
- Water source/type: demineralized water
- Volume applied: volume as needed to bring moisture content to 25% (based on dry constituents)
- Interval of applications: daily as needed based on moisture content


EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) : emergence; appearance (days 6, 8, 10, 12, 14 ,17); mortality (daily)

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Nominal based on dispersion supplied as test substance: 0, 1000 mg dispersion/kg dry soil
Nominal based on 4.74% a.i. in dispersion: 0, 47.4 mg a.i./kg dry soil

Reference substance (positive control):

no

Species:

Avena sativa

Duration:

17 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

> 47.4 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

seedling emergence

Species:

Avena sativa

Duration:

17 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

> 47.4 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

growth

Species:

Avena sativa

Duration:

17 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

> 47.4 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

phytotoxicity

Species:

Avena sativa

Duration:

17 d

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

> 47.4 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

phytotoxicity

Species:

Lactuca sativa

Duration:

17 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

> 47.4 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

seedling emergence

Species:

Lactuca sativa

Duration:

17 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

> 47.4 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

growth

Species:

Lactuca sativa

Duration:

17 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

> 47.4 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

phytotoxicity

Species:

Lactuca sativa

Duration:

17 d

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

> 47.4 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

phytotoxicity

Details on results:

SEEDLING EMERGENCE
- Percent seedling emergence: 100% in control and 47.4 mg a.i./kg dry soil for Avena sativa and Lactuca sativa
- Percent survival: 100% in control and 47.4 mg a.i./kg dry soil for Avena sativa and Lactuca sativa
- Abnormal seed development or appearance: none


VEGETATIVE VIGOUR
- Wet weight: (at test termination)
Avena sativa Control - mean 1.03 g; standard deviation 0.12 g
Avena sativa 47.4 mg a.i./kg dry soil - mean 1.03 g; standard deviation 0.13 g
Lactuca sativa Control - mean 1.04 g; standard deviation 0.20 g
Lactuca sativa 47.4 mg a.i./kg dry soil - mean 1.05 g; standard deviation 0.25g

- Other effects: no abnormal plant appearance

The effect of MDEA-Esterquat on seedling emergence and growth of the monocotyl oat (Avena sativa)and dicotyl lettuce (Lactuca sativa) crops was studied at nominal concentrations of 0 and 47.4 mg a.i./kg dry soil (1000 mg dispersion/kg dry soil). The study was conducted according to OECD TG 208. The growth medium used in the test was a mixture of natural soil and sand (1:1; pH 7.5; organic matter 1.1%). On day 17, the surviving plants per pot were recorded and cut at soil level for measuring the plant height and dry weight in the seedling emergence and vegetative vigour test, respectively. Seed germination was not affected by the MDEA-Esterquat. The 17 d NOEC based on seed germination was >47.4 mg a.i./kg dry soil. In the vegetative vigour test, the plant dry weight and plant height were not affected by MDEA-Esterquat treatment. The 17 d NOEC values based on plant growth (length and dry weight) was >47.4 mg a.i./kg dry soil.

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Remarks:

(seedling emergence >70%; no visible phytotoxic effects; survival of emerged control seedlings >90%; environmental conditions uniform)

Conclusions:

In a study conducted according to OECD 208, the effect of MDEA-Esterquat on seedling emergence and growth of the monocotyl Avena sativa (oats) and dicotyl Lactuca sativa (lettuce) crops was investigated. Seed germination was not affected in Avena sativa and Lactuca sativa by the MDEA-Esterquat. The 17 d NOEC based on seed germination was >47.4 mg a.i./kg dry soil. In the vegetative vigour test, the plant dry weight and plant height were not affected by MDEA-Esterquat treatment. The 17 d NOEC values based on plant growth (length and dry weight) was >47.4 mg a.i./kg dry soil.

Executive summary:

The effect of MDEA-Esterquat C16-18 and C18 unsatd. on seedling emergence and growth of the monocotyl oat (Avena sativa)and dicotyl lettuce (Lactuca sativa) crops was studied at nominal concentrations of 0 and 47.4 mg a.i./kg dry soil (1000 mg dispersion/kg dry soil). The study was conducted according to OECD TG 208. The growth medium used in the test was a mixture of natural soil and sand (1:1; pH 7.5; organic matter 1.1%). On day 17, the surviving plants per pot were recorded and cut at soil level for measuring the plant height and dry weight in the seedling emergence and vegetative vigour test, respectively. Seed germination was not affected by the MDEA-Esterquat C16-18 and C18 unsatd.  The 17 d NOEC based on seed germination was >47.4 mg a.i./kg dry soil. In the vegetative vigour test, the plant dry weight and plant height were not affected by MDEA-Esterquat C16-18 and C18 unsatd. treatment. The 17 d NOEC values based on plant growth (length and dry weight) was >47.4 mg a.i./kg dry soil.

This toxicity study is classified as acceptable and satifies the guideline requirements for a toxicity study with terrestrial plants.

Description of key information

Avena sativa (oats) and dicot Lactuca sativa (lettuce)
17 d NOEC based on seed germination: >47.4 mg a.i./kg dry soil
17 d NOEC values based on plant growth (length and dry weight): >47.4 mg a.i./kg dry soil

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Long-term EC10, LC10 or NOEC for terrestrial plants:

47.4 mg/kg soil dw

Additional information

The effect of MDEA-Esterquat C16-18 and C18 unsatd. on seedling emergence and growth of the monocotyl oat (Avena sativa) and dicotyl lettuce (Lactuca sativa) crops was studied at nominal concentrations of 0 and 47.4 mg a.i./kg dry soil (1000 mg dispersion/kg dry soil). The study was conducted according to OECD TG 208. The growth medium used in the test was a mixture of natural soil and sand (1:1; pH 7.5; organic matter 1.1%). On day 17, the surviving plants per pot were recorded and cut at soil level for measuring the plant height and dry weight in the seedling emergence and vegetative vigour test, respectively. Seed germination was not affected by the MDEA-EsterquatC16-18 and C18 unsatd. The 17 d NOEC based on seed germination was >47.4 mg a.i./kg dry soil. In the vegetative vigour test, the plant dry weight and plant height were not affected by MDEA-Esterquat C16-18 and C18 unsatd. treatment. The 17 d NOEC values based on plant growth (length and dry weight) was >47.4 mg a.i./kg dry soil.

According to REACH regulation (Annex X 9.4.6 column II), short- and long-term toxicity testing with terrestrial plants does not need to be conducted.Testing shall be proposed if the results of the safety assessment indicates the need. The direct and indirect exposure of soil compartments is unlikely as the substance is readily biodegradable. The biodegradability of the substance is proved in a number of tests conducted under different conditions (aerobic, anaerobic) and in different environmental conditions (water, soil).