(3E)-3-[[4-(2-carboxyethylcarbamoyl)phenyl]hydrazinylidene]-6-oxocyclohexa-1,4-diene-1-carboxylic acid

Acute Toxicity: inhalation

Administrative data

Endpoint:

acute toxicity: inhalation

Data waiving:

study scientifically not necessary / other information available

Justification for data waiving:

the study does not need to be conducted because exposure of humans via inhalation is not likely taking into account the vapour pressure of the substance and/or the possibility of exposure to aerosols, particles or droplets of an inhalable size

Justification for type of information:

JUSTIFICATION FOR DATA WAIVING
According to Annex VIII, section 8.5.2, column 2 of Regulation No. 1907/2006, testing by the inhalation route is appropriate if exposure of humans via inhalation is likely. In an OECD Guideline 104 study, the vapour pressure of balsalazide acid was found to be 3.80E-05 Pa at 20°C. Based on this result, balsalazide acid is not a volatile substance and hence exposure via inhalation is unlikely. Furthermore, a particle size distribution study showed that 98% of the particles of balsalazide acid were above 250 µm and therefore outside the inhalable range. Inhalation exposure during manufacture of balsalazide acid and its use as an intermediate is unlikely due to the risk mitigation measures in place in the pharmaceutical facility and that all processes are performed in accordance with Good Manufacturing Practices. Therefore, the performance of an acute inhalation study on balsalazide acid is considered scientifically unjustified based on the physico-chemical properties of the substance and the way in which is it is handled in industry as a pharmaceutical intermediate.