1-chloro-4-nitrobenzene

Biodegradation in water: screening tests

Administrative data

Endpoint:

biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: acceptable, well documented study report which meets basic scientific principles; Adopted according to OECD SIDS. The original source is available and has been reviewed

Data source

Reference

Reference 1

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

1979

Report date:

2002

Reference 2

Reference Type:

review article or handbook

Title:

1-chloro-4-nitrobenzene

Author:

OECD SIDS

Year:

2002

Bibliographic source:

SIDS Initial Assessment Report for SIAM 15, UNEP Publications

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 301 D (Ready Biodegradability: Closed Bottle Test)

GLP compliance:

no

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

1-chloro-4-nitrobenzene

EC Number:

202-809-6

EC Name:

1-chloro-4-nitrobenzene

Cas Number:

100-00-5

Molecular formula:

C6H4ClNO2

IUPAC Name:

1-chloro-4-nitrobenzene

Details on test material:

- Name of test material (as cited in study report): p-nitrochlorobenzene
-Test substance: other TS: purity 98.8 %

Study design

Oxygen conditions:

aerobic

Inoculum or test system:

other: non adapted

Details on inoculum:

-Effluent of a 3 L labour sewage treatment plant in accordance with OECD, working with full nutrient medium.
-Type: mixed population of aquatic micro-organisms

Duration of test (contact time):

20 d

Initial test substance concentration

Initial test substance concentration 1

Initial conc.:

2.4 mg/L

Based on:

test mat.

Initial test substance concentration 2

Initial conc.:

8 mg/L

Based on:

test mat.

Initial test substance concentration 3

Initial conc.:

24 mg/L

Based on:

test mat.

Initial test substance concentration 4

Initial conc.:

80 mg/L

Based on:

test mat.

Details on study design:

- Pre-treatment of the test substance: The concentration of the test substance in the stock solution was 1 g/L. The substance was not properly soluble in this concentration and was therefore emulsified. It was used Emulsifier W (CAS number 68130-72-3) which shows not BOD in this test.
- Concentration of inoculum: 1000 to 1000000 bacteria per litre (little bacteria density)
- Incubation time was 0, 5, 10, 20 days at 20 °C ± 1 °C
- Incubation in the dark
- 1-Chloro-4-nitrobenzene was the only source of organic carbon.

The following type of flasks were used:
- Test suspension 1 (4 bottles) A measured volume of mineral medium containing a known concentration of the test substance (as the nominal sole
source of organic carbon) and inoculum.
- Procedure control: In order to check the procedure, the reference chemical Phenol is tested parallel to the normal test runs.
- Inoculum blank: A measured volume of mineral medium containing only inoculum.

Reference substance

Reference substance:

other: phenol

Results and discussion

% Degradation

% Degradation 1

Parameter:

% degradation (O2 consumption)

Value:

0

Sampling time:

5 d

% Degradation 2

Parameter:

% degradation (O2 consumption)

Value:

0

Sampling time:

10 d

% Degradation 3

Parameter:

% degradation (O2 consumption)

Value:

0

Sampling time:

20 d

Any other information on results incl. tables

Year: 1979 ("Year of study completion".)

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Interpretation of results:

under test conditions no biodegradation observed

Conclusions:

p-Nitrochlorobenzene showed with non adapted inoculum:
used concentrations: 2.4 mg/L; 8.0 mg/L, 24 mg/L, 80 mg/L
0 % degradation after 5 days.
0 % degradation after 10 days.
0 % degradation after 20 days.
Therefore p-nitrochlorobenzene has to be classified as not readily biodegradable.

Executive summary:

Mendel B; Bayer AG, 1979 (report: 2002)

The ready biodegradability was studied with a method corresponding to the OECD 301 D. The test concentrations were 2.4 mg/L, 8.0 mg/L, 24 mg/L and 80 mg/L. and the innoculum concentration was 1000 -1000000 bacteria/L. In the aerobic study, the degradation of 1-chloro-4-nitrobenzene with non adapted inoculum was 0 % degradation after 5 days, 0 % degradation after 10 days, 0% degradation after 20 days. Therefore 1-chloro-4-nitrobenzene (p-nitrochlorobenzene) has to be classified as - not readily biodegradable.

Comments: Toxic effects were seen in concentrations of 80 mg/L after 10 days (Degradation of the test substance 1-chloro-4-nitrobenzene with adaptation; the same Study 7900802-815).