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Environmental fate & pathways

Biodegradation in water: screening tests

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Endpoint:
biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Study period:
02.2003 - 03.2003
Reliability:
1 (reliable without restriction)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
guideline study
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 301 C (Ready Biodegradability: Modified MITI Test (I))
Version / remarks:
Rivised July 17, 1992
GLP compliance:
yes (incl. QA statement)
Oxygen conditions:
aerobic
Inoculum or test system:
activated sludge, non-adapted
Duration of test (contact time):
28 d
Initial conc.:
100 mg/L
Based on:
test mat.
Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
TOC removal
Reference substance:
aniline
Preliminary study:
no primary study
Key result
Parameter:
% degradation (TOC removal)
Value:
1
Sampling time:
28 d
Results with reference substance:
The Degradation of Aniline was 79 % after 28 days.
Validity criteria fulfilled:
yes
Interpretation of results:
under test conditions no biodegradation observed
Conclusions:
The test item rapidly hydrolyzed into aluminium and diethylphosphinic acid under the present test conditions. Aluminium and diethylphoshinic acid were not biodegraded by microorganisms and remained.
Executive summary:

The test item rapidly hydrolyzed into aluminium and diethylphosphinic acid under the present test conditions. Aluminium and diethylphoshinic acid were not biodegraded by microorganisms and remained.

Endpoint:
biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Reliability:
1 (reliable without restriction)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
guideline study
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 301 F (Ready Biodegradability: Manometric Respirometry Test)
Deviations:
no
GLP compliance:
yes
Oxygen conditions:
aerobic
Inoculum or test system:
activated sludge, non-adapted
Duration of test (contact time):
28 d
Initial conc.:
40 mg/L
Based on:
test mat.
Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
O2 consumption
Details on study design:
TEST CONDITIONS
- Composition of medium: Mineral salts medium acc. to OECD 301F
-Additional substrate: No
- Test temperature: 20,0 - 21.0 °C
- pH:
pH-Values in the Test Vessels at Test Start and Test End

pH-Value
Start End
Inoculum Control 7.72 1) 7.78
2) 7.76
Functional Control 7.72 1) 7.94
2) 7.20
Test Item 7.64 1) 7.62
2) 7.62


- pH adjusted: no
-dispersion treatment: continous stirring
- continous darkness: yes



TEST SYSTEM
- Culturing apparatus: Incubator
- Number of culture flasks/concentration: 2
- Method used to create aerobic conditions: Closed bottles with a rubber sleeve with soda lime
- Measuring equipment: The oxygen consumption was determined in the incubation vessels by the OxiTop measuring system at 360 measuring points during the 28 d incubation period.
- Test performed in closed vessels due to significant volatility of test substance:


Reference substance:
benzoic acid, sodium salt
Preliminary study:
no preliminary study
Test performance:
Based on the calculated theoretical oxygen demand, the test concentration of 40 mg/L corresponding to an oxygen demand of 65.6mgO2/L in the vessel was selected.

The test solutions were prepared in measuring flasks and given into brown glass bottles as incubation vessels:
• 2 incubation vessels for the test item (P1, P2)
• 1 incubation vessels for the functional control (R1)
• 1 incubation vessel for toxicity control (T1)
• 2 incubation vessels for the inoculum control (C1, C2)

Separate replicates of test item and toxicity control were prepared for measurement of the pH-value at test start:
• 1 incubation vessels for the test item (P1)
• 1 incubation vessel for for toxicity control (T1)



Parameter:
% degradation (O2 consumption)
Value:
1
Sampling time:
28 d
Details on results:
Both test item replicates did not reach the 10% level (beginning of biodegradation) until day 28. The mean biodegradation after 28 days was 1%
Results with reference substance:
The pass level of a biodegradation >60 % was reached after 2 days. The validity criterion that the degradation should be > 60 % by day 14 was fulfilled. In the toxicity control the biodegradation achieved 46% after 14 days. After 28 days the biodegradation came to 47%. The validity criterion that the test item should not inhibit the biodegradation of the reference item was fulfilled.
Validity criteria fulfilled:
yes
Interpretation of results:
not readily biodegradable
Conclusions:
The test item must be regarded as not readily biodegradable in the 10-d-window and after 28 days.
Executive summary:

The ready biodegradability of the test item was determined with a non adapted activated sludge in the Manometric Respirometry test for a period of 28 days. The test item concentration selected as appropriate was 40 mg/L, corresponding to a ThOD of 65.6 mg O2/L per test vessel. The oxygen was depleted by respiration of bacteria and the degradation was followed by measuring the oxygen concentration. The biodegradation is therefore expresses as the percentage BOD and was calculated for each study day.

The mean oxygen depletion in the inoculum control was 9.9 mg O2/L on day 28. Both test item replicates did not reach the 10 % level until day 28. The mean biodegradation after 28 days was 1 %.

Endpoint:
biodegradation in water: inherent biodegradability
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Study period:
2009
Reliability:
1 (reliable without restriction)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
guideline study
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 302 C (Inherent Biodegradability: Modified MITI Test (II))
Deviations:
no
GLP compliance:
yes
Specific details on test material used for the study:
Name of test material (as cited in study report): Exolit OP 1230 - Molecular formula: C12H30O6P3Al - Molecular weight: 390.3 g/mol - Physical state: Solid - Analytical purity: 98.7 % - Purity test date: 2008-03-04 - Lot/batch No.: DEH2005977 - Expiration date of the lot/batch: 2012-02-22 - Storage condition of test material: Room temperature protected from moisture and light
Oxygen conditions:
aerobic
Inoculum or test system:
mixture of sewage, soil and natural water
Details on inoculum:
- Source of inoculum/activated sludge (e.g. location, sampling depth, contamination history, procedure): municipal sewage plant, Hildesheim and Sarstedt; composting plant, Hildesheim; lake, river, Sarstedt;
the inoculum was stirred and aerated continously. It was fed every working day. The inoculum was allowed to settle and one third of the supernatant was decanted and filled up with nutrient solution according to the guideline.
Duration of test (contact time):
28 d
Initial conc.:
50 mg/L
Based on:
ThOD/L
Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
other: Biological Oxygen Demand
Details on study design:
according to guideline
Reference substance:
benzoic acid, sodium salt
Parameter:
% degradation (test mat. analysis)
Value:
6
St. dev.:
5.4
Sampling time:
7 d
Parameter:
% degradation (test mat. analysis)
Value:
6
St. dev.:
5.4
Sampling time:
14 d
Parameter:
% degradation (test mat. analysis)
Value:
8
St. dev.:
5.4
Sampling time:
21 d
Parameter:
% degradation (test mat. analysis)
Value:
7
St. dev.:
5.4
Sampling time:
28 d
Results with reference substance:
The pass level of 65 % was reached by the first replicate after 5 days and by the second replicate after 3 days; the mean biodegradation on day 28 was 79%;
Validity criteria fulfilled:
yes
Interpretation of results:
not inherently biodegradable
Conclusions:
The test item must be regarded as not inherent biodegradable after 28 days
Executive summary:

Description of key information

Three biodegradation tests are available.

One test regarding OECD Guideline 301 F shows only 1 % degradation after 28 days. In a second test regarding OECD guideline 301 C the same results was found (1 % after 28 days). In the third test regarding OECD Guideline 302 C the inherent biodegradability of the test item was investigated. After 28 days 7 % degradation was found.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Biodegradation in water:
not biodegradable
Type of water:
freshwater

Additional information