Pentapotassium ({[(hydroxyphosphinato)methyl](phosphonatomethyl)nitroryl}methyl)phosphonate

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Reference 1

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

weight of evidence

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study with acceptable restrictions

Remarks:

The study was conducted according to an appropriate national standard method but full details are not available. It was not conducted under GLP and no analytical monitoring was carried out.

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: In house protocol: MIC Environmental Assessment Method for Conducting Acute Toxicity Tests with Daphnia magna (see note below)

Deviations:

no

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: US EPA (1975) Methods for acute toxicity tests with fish, macroinvertebrates and amphibians. EPA 660/3-75-009.

Deviations:

no

Qualifier:

equivalent or similar to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)

Deviations:

not applicable

Principles of method if other than guideline:

The In house protocol references Grueber and Adams (1980)

GLP compliance:

no

Analytical monitoring:

no

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION

- Method: For each test concentration the appropriate amount of the test compound was pipetted into 1L of dilution water and shaken vigorously for 1 min. The solution was then divided into 2 200 ml aliquots in triplicate beakers to provide the appropriate replication. The remaining 400 ml were used for 0 h DO, pH, alkalinity and hardness determinations.

- Controls: Just dilution water.

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM

- Common name: water flea

- Source:  The daphnids used in the test were obtained from a laboratory culture at the MIC laboratory.

- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): <24 h

- Method of breeding: according to lab SOP

- Feeding during test: no


ACCLIMATION

- Acclimation period: not reported

- Acclimation conditions (same as test or not): not reported

- Type and amount of food: Daphnia were fed a mixture of Purina trout chow and alfalfa daily.

- Health during acclimation (any mortality observed): not reported

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

48 h

Hardness:

The alkalinity ranged from 236 to 304 mg/L and 250 to 300 mg/L in the low and high test concentration vessels respectively.

Test temperature:

Average temperature of 21.2 degrees C.

pH:

The pH in the control medium ranged between 7.2-8.4. The pH in the test media ranged between 2.0 and 8.2.

Dissolved oxygen:

The dissolved concentrations for the treatments were not reported due to measurement interference from the test materials. However, DO on the control water ranged from 6.2-9.4 mg/L. DO was measured by the Winkler titration method.

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Nominal test concentrations were 125, 250, 500, 1000 and 2000 mg/l as active acid

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM

- Test vessel: beaker

- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: 250 ml beakers containing 200 ml of test medium. 

- Aeration: no

- No. of organisms per vessel: 10

- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 3

- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 3



TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS

- Source/preparation of dilution water: well water from St. Peters, Missouri.

- Alkalinity: 303 mg/L CaCO3, hardness 297 mg/L CaCO3

- Culture medium different from test medium: not reported

- Intervals of water quality measurement:  DO, pH, alkalinity, hardness and temperature of test solutions were monitored at the initiation (control only) and termination of the test in the high, middle and low concentrations. 


OTHER TEST CONDITIONS

- Adjustment of pH: no

- Photoperiod: not reported

- Light intensity: not reported


EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) : immobility at 0, 24 and 48 h.


TEST CONCENTRATIONS

- Spacing factor for test concentrations: 2

- Range finding study

- Test concentrations: not reported

- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: EC50 833 mg/L

Reference substance (positive control):

no

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

125 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

other: immobility

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

297 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

other: immobility

Remarks on result:

other: 95% CL 262-342

Duration:

24 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

545 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

other: immobility

Details on results:

- Mortality of control: 0%

Reported statistics and error estimates:

EC50 values and 95% confidence intervals calculated using an LC50 computer programme developed by Stephen et al (1978).   

Table 1. Summary of findings (average).

Nominal concentrations (mg/L)	Percent immobilisation
	24 h	48 h
Control	0	0
125	0	6.7
250	0	13.3
500	40	60
1000	100	100
2000	100	100

Result expressed as nominal concentration. Properties of the test substance and evidence from other studies (where concentrations were 

measured) indicate that nominal and measured concentrations are likely to be in good agreement.

The pH data suggest that the acidity of the higher concentration test solutions is likely to have contributed to the effects observed in the test.

Validity criteria fulfilled:

no

Remarks:

pH very low at the highest concentrations tested. However the reported EC50 value is high enough to determine toxicity that the test substance is of low intrinsic toxicity.

Conclusions:

A 48 h EC50 value of 297 mg active acid/L has been determined for the effects of ATMP acid on the immobility of the freshwater flea D. magna.

Reference 2

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

1995-10-18 to 1995-10-20

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study with acceptable restrictions

Remarks:

Test procedure in accordance with national standard methods (based on ISO guideline) with acceptable restrictions. No data on GLP or analytical monitoring available. The test was conducted in a reputable and established laboratory according to an appropriate guideline, on the basis of this we can assign a reliability of 2 since no deviations from the guideline are stated even though the data presented is from a summary report only.

Qualifier:

equivalent or similar to guideline

Guideline:

other: draft method ISO/CD 14669

Deviations:

no

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: Brixham Environmental Laboratory SOP BA207:03.

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

not specified

Analytical monitoring:

no

Vehicle:

no

Test organisms (species):

other: Acartia tonsa

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM

- Common name: Acartia

- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): 24.5 (+/-3) days

Test type:

static

Water media type:

saltwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

48 h

Post exposure observation period:

none

Hardness:

Not reported, assumed to meet guideline criteria.

Test temperature:

20 deg C (+/- 1)

pH:

Not reported, assumed to meet guideline criteria.

Dissolved oxygen:

Not reported, assumed to meet guideline criteria.

Salinity:

Not reported, assumed to meet guideline criteria.

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Nominal test concentrations were 56, 100, 180, 320, 560 and 1000 mg/l (as test substance).  

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM

- No. of organisms per vessel: 20

Reference substance (positive control):

yes

Remarks:

3,5, dichlorophenol

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

94 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

mortality

Remarks on result:

other: (95% CL 74.5-115)

Details on results:

- Mortality of control: 5%

Reported statistics and error estimates:

Not reported, assumed to meet guideline criteria.

Result expressed as nominal concentration. Properties of the test  substance and evidence from other studies (where concentrations were 

measured) indicate that nominal and measured concentrations are likely to be in good agreement.  Percentage mortality at each test concentration at the end of the test  (48 hours):

Table 1. Results

Nominal conc. (mg/L)	% mortality
	24 h	48 h
3,5 Dichlorophenol (1 mg/L)	40	100
Control	0	5
56	0	5
100	0	20
180	0	10
320	100	100
560	100	100
1000	100	100

24 LC₅₀ (95% confidence intervals): 240 (180-320) mg/L as test substance. Equivalent to 120 mg active acid/L.  

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not specified

Remarks:

not enough data to validate, assumed to meet guideline criteria.

Conclusions:

A 48 h LC50 value of 94 mg/L (as active acid) has been determined for the effects of the test substance on mortality of the marine invertebrate Acartia tonsa.

Reference 3

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

weight of evidence

Reliability:

4 (not assignable)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Control data were not reported and pH was lower than the recommended range stated in the guideline. It was not possible to exclude that the effects seen are related to pH effects.

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method C.2 (Acute Toxicity for Daphnia)

Deviations:

yes

Remarks:

low pH, controls data not reported, no analytical monitoring

GLP compliance:

yes

Analytical monitoring:

no

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION

- Method: the test substance was dissolved directly into the water. Unspecified whether a stock solution or vessels.

- Controls: only dilution water contro (negative control) + dilution water acidified waters to the pH of the highest control (positive control)

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM

- Source: bred in the laboratory

- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): <24 hours

- Method of breeding: the test animals were bred in glass containers. To avoid the necessity of adaptation prior to test, the water used in the test was used for breeding.

- Feeding during test: no


ACCLIMATION

- Acclimation period: none

- Acclimation conditions (same as test or not): same water used in breeding and in test. Photoperiod differed (12:16 h, light:dark during breeding, while the study was conducted in darkness).

- Type of food: during breeding animals were fed with green algae (S. capricornutum) laboratory grown

- Feeding frequency: 3 times per week

- Health during acclimation (any mortality observed): not reported

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

48 h

Test temperature:

20⁰C

pH:

range: 7.7 to 7.8 in negative control, 4.4 to 4.5 in positive control, 4.4 to 5 in exposure media

Dissolved oxygen:

range:9.4 to 10.2 mg/l in negative control, 6 to 9.5 mg/l in positive control, 8 8.1 to 9.8 mg/l in exposure media

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Nominal concentrations test substance: 0, 678, 821, 994, 1203 and 1445 mg/l.
Nominal concentrations as active salt: 0, 290, 355, 430, 515 and 620 mg/l.
Nominal concentrations as active acid: 0, 185, 225, 270, 325 and 390 mg/l.

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM

- Test vessel: not reported

- Material, fill volume: glass vessels with 10 ml water

- No. of organisms per vessel: 5

- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4

- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 4

- No. of vessels per vehicle control (replicates): 4

- Biomass loading rate: 1 animal/2ml


TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS

- Source/preparation of dilution water: dechlorinated tap water

- Culture medium different from test medium: no

- Intervals of water quality measurement: DO, temperature and pH were measured at 0 and 48 hours.


OTHER TEST CONDITIONS

- Adjustment of pH: HCl 1N

- Photoperiod: none, the study was conducted in darkness


EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) : immobilisation was measured at 24h and 48 h.

TEST CONCENTRATIONS

- Spacing factor for test concentrations: 1.21

- Range finding study: the concentrations for the study were based on preliminary findings, however details are not reported.

Reference substance (positive control):

no

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

970 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Remarks on result:

other: (887-1063)

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

420 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Remarks:

salt

Basis for effect:

mobility

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

260 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Remarks:

acid

Basis for effect:

mobility

Duration:

24 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

1 485 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Details on results:

- Mortality of control: not reported

Reported statistics and error estimates:

Bliss-Finney probit analysis. However 100% mortality was not recorded

Table 1. Summary of immobility recorded.

Nominal concentration (mg/l)	Immobile #		Total %
	24 h	48 h
678	0	3	15
821	1	5	30
994	2	8	50
1203	6	9	75
1456	9	9	90

Validity criteria fulfilled:

no

Remarks:

the pH of the test medium was below 5

Conclusions:

A 48 h EC50 value of 970 mg/l as test substance, 420 mg /l as active salt and 260 mg/l as active acid has been determined for the effects of the test substance to the freshwater invertebrate D. magna. It cannot be excluded that the effects seen have been influenced by the pH of the test system (4-5 across the exposure concentrations). However the study does support the low short term toxicity of the substance.

Description of key information

Key (m) 48h LC₅₀ 94 mg/L, Acartia tonsa, read-across from ATMP-H, (reliability 2, Zeneca 1995a).

WoE (fw) 48 h EC₅₀ 260 mg active acid/L, Daphnia magna (reliability 4, RBM 1991);

WoE (fw) 48h EC₅₀ 297 mg active acid/L, Daphnia magna, read-across from ATMP-H, (reliability 2, Monsanto 1981);

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water invertebrates

Fresh water invertebrates

Effect concentration:

260 mg/L

Marine water invertebrates

Marine water invertebrates

Effect concentration:

94 mg/L

Additional information

 Data are available with ATMP-N-oxide-5K (CAS 255830-15-0) and the structurally analogous substance ATMP-H (CAS 6419-19 -8).

A 48 h EC₅₀ value of 260 mg/l as active acid, has been determined for the effects of the test substance to the freshwater invertebrate Daphnia magna.

No control results have been reported. Therefore it cannot be excluded that the effects seen may have been influenced by the pH of the test system (4-5 across the exposure concentrations) and the study has been assigned a reliability Klimisch score of 4. The study does however support the low short term toxicity of the substance. The results also agree with the data read-across from the structurally analogous substance ATMP-H (CAS 6419-19 -8). The study does therefore add further weight of evidence to the low short-term toxicity of the substance, albeit observational.

Data with ATMP-H has been brought to add for weight of evidence to support the category’s low short-term toxicity to freshwater invertebrates. A short-term toxicity to marine invertebrates is also available and has been assigned as key as it is the only study available with marine organisms. A 48 h EC₅₀ value of 297 mg active acid/L has been determined for the effects of ATMP-H (CAS 6419-19-8) on the immobility of the freshwater flea Daphnia magna. A 48 h LC₅₀ value of 94 mg active acid/L has been determined for the effects of ATMP-H (CAS 6419-19-8) on the immobility of the marine invertebrate Acartia tonsa.

 

The read-across justification is attached in IUCLID Section 13.