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Physical & Chemical properties

Explosiveness

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Endpoint:
explosiveness, other
Remarks:
dust explosiveness
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Reliability:
1 (reliable without restriction)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
test procedure in accordance with national standard methods
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
other: national guideline VDI 2263, 3673
Principles of method if other than guideline:
Explosibility tests were conducted between 100 and 400 g/m3 using a 1-m3 vessel; ignition energy 60 kJ (min. ignition energy between 1 and 30 kJ)
GLP compliance:
not specified
Key result
Parameter:
other: dust explosiveness
Remarks on result:
other: carbon black in combination with high energy (> 1 kJ) and an appropriate distribution of carbon black dust/air mixture can be made to explode.
Interpretation of results:
GHS criteria not met
Conclusions:
Under certain test conditions, described in the German VDI Guideline 2263, Test Method for Determination of Safety Characteristics of Dusts (May 1980), carbon black in combination with high energy (> 1 kJ) and an appropriate distribution of carbon black dust/air mixture can be made to explode. The dust explosion class by this method is ST 1. The maximum rate of pressure rise (bar/s) was determined as between 20 and 129 (=k-value). The maximum explosion pressure (bar absolute) was determined as between 6.4 and 10.5. The lower dust concentration limit for explosion was 50 g/m3.
Endpoint:
explosiveness, other
Remarks:
Dust explosiveness
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
supporting study
Reliability:
1 (reliable without restriction)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
test procedure in accordance with generally accepted scientific standards and described in sufficient detail
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
other: ASTM E 1226, E 1515
Principles of method if other than guideline:
Explosibility tests were conducted between 250 and 2000 g/m3 using a 1-m3 vessel.
GLP compliance:
not specified
Key result
Parameter:
other:
Remarks on result:
other: The minimum explosible concentration was determined as 375 g / m3 (at 30 kJ ignition); the ignition energy required is > 20 kJ. The k-value was 23 bar m/s (at 30 kJ)
Interpretation of results:
GHS criteria not met
Conclusions:
The minimum explosible concentration was determined as 375 g / m3 (at 30 kJ ignition); the ignition energy required is > 20 kJ. The k-value was 23 bar m/s (at 30 kJ).
Endpoint:
explosiveness, other
Remarks:
dust explosiveness
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Study period:
04.08 - 20.10.1999
Reliability:
1 (reliable without restriction)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
test procedure in accordance with national standard methods
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
other: VDI 3673
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
other: VDI Directive 2263, section 1
Version / remarks:
Explosion properties
Principles of method if other than guideline:
Explosibility tests were conducted between 100 and 400 g/m3 using a 1-m3 vessel; ignition energy 60 kJ (min. ignition energy between 1 and 30 kJ)
GLP compliance:
no
Parameter:
other: Pmax (bar)
Remarks:
@ 500 g/m3
Remarks on result:
other: 6.1 - 6.7 bar
Parameter:
other: (dp/dt )max
Remarks:
[bar/sec]
Remarks on result:
other: 15.6 - 37.9 bar /sec
Parameter:
other: Minimum Ignition Energy
Remarks:
[kJ]
Remarks on result:
other: > 3 kJ
Remarks:
carbon black in combination with high energy (3 1 kJ) and an appropriate distribution of carbon black dust/air mixture can be made to explode.
Parameter:
other: Minimum Explosive Concentration
Remarks:
[g/m3]
Remarks on result:
other: 125 - 250 g/m3
Parameter:
other: Minimum Ignition Temperature
Remarks:
[°C]
Remarks on result:
other: > 600 °C
Parameter:
other: Smoulder temperature
Remarks:
[°C]
Remarks on result:
other: > 400 °C
Interpretation of results:
GHS criteria not met
Conclusions:
Under certain test conditions, described in the German VDI Guideline 2263, Test Method for Determination of Safety Characteristics of Dusts (May 1980), carbon black in combination with high energy (> 1 kJ) and an appropriate distribution of carbon black dust/air mixture can be made to explode. The dust explosion class by this method is ST 1. The maximum rate of pressure rise (bar/s) was determined as between 20 and 129 (=k-value). The maximum explosion pressure (bar absolute) was determined as between 6.4 and 10.5. The lower dust concentration limit for explosion was 50 g/m3.

Description of key information

Explosible Properties (Thermal Black):

 Metric  Value Method 
 Kst (bar-m/sec)  > 6  ASTM 1226 -10 or VDI 2263 -1 (1990) or DIN 14034 using 2 -5 kJ igniters in a 1m3 vessel
 Pmax (bar)   > 3  ASTM 1226 -10 or VDI 2263 -1 (1990) or DIN 14034 using 2 -5 kJ igniters in a 1m3 vessel
 MEC (g/m3)

 > 125

ASTM E1515 Minimum Explosive Concentration (MEC) 

 Hazard Class

 ST-1

Dust explosion class (OSHA) 

 MAIT (°C)

 > 450

ASTM E2021 -09 Minimum auto-ignition temperature of a dust layer (MAIT) 

 MIT (°C)

 > 600

ASTM 1491 -97 Minimum ignition temperature of a dust cloud (MIT) (BAM Oven) 

 MIE (kJ)

 > 1

ASTM E2019 -03 Minimum Ignition Energy (MIE) 

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Additional information

Justification for classification or non-classification