Registration Dossier
Registration Dossier
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EC number: 201-069-1 | CAS number: 77-92-9
Bioaccumulation: aquatic / sediment
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- bioaccumulation in aquatic species: fish
- Data waiving:
- study scientifically not necessary / other information available
- Justification for data waiving:
- the study does not need to be conducted because the substance has a low potential for bioaccumulation based on log Kow <=3 and a low potential to cross biological membranes
Reference
Description of key information
Bioaccumulation: low potential to bioaccumulate
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
The bioaccumulation in aquatic species study required in REACH guidance, Annex IX (Section 9.3.2) does not need to be conducted as citric acid has low potential for bioaccumulation with a partition coefficient of less than zero (log Kow < 0) at all pH values. However, the relationship between log Kow and bioaccumulation is not always straightforward for dissociating substances such as citric acid. Dissociated and neutral chemical species can have very different bioavailabilities.
An estimated BCF of 3.2 (log BCF = 0.5) was obtained for citric acid using BCFBAF program which forms part of the Syracuse EPIWEB suite. The estimated value of citric acid is well below the cut off value of BCF ≥ 500 that is considered to indicate potential for bioaccumulation; the result indicates that citric acid is not expected to bioaccumulate.
In addition, citric acid has wide-spread natural occurrence and is a key intermediate in the metabolic pathways of most organisms. As indicated above, citric acid and the citrates are readily biodegradable. Although this does not rule out the possibility of bioaccumulation, it does indicate that it is likely to be rapidly removed from the environment.
Citrate is found in all eukaryotic cells as an intermediate of the TCA cycle, which is part of the basic metabolic pathway that generates useable energy from carbohydrates, proteins and fats. Citric acid is formed and broken down in the course of this cycle at very high rates. The weight of evidence of the low estimated BCF, biodegradability and role in cell metabolism indicate that citric acid is extremely unlikely to bioaccumulate and testing is not considered necessary for this endpoint.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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