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Ecotoxicological information

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

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Link to relevant study record(s)

Description of key information

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water invertebrates

Fresh water invertebrates
Effect concentration:
100 mg/L

Additional information

The assessment of the possible aquatic toxicity of HFC 125 has been carried out by considering available data on structurally analogue substances.

Experimental data for acute toxicity on Daphnia magna are available for HFC 134a (1,1,1,2 -tetrafluoroethane), HFC 143a (1,1,1 -trifluoroethane), HFC 245fa (1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane) and HFC 365mfc (1,1,1,2,2 -pentafluorobutane).

In all cases studies were conducted in closed systems to avoid substance volatilisation.

All substances showed a low toxicity to D. magna. 48 hour-EC50 could be identified only for HFC 134a (LC50 = 980 mg/l) and for HFC 143a (LC50 = 300 mg/l), as low immobility was observed up to the highest tested concentrations for the other substances. Overall, a 48 -hour LC50= 100 mg/l (i.e. the lowest experimental value determined for sturctural analogs) can be considered as a conservative estimation of the HFC 125 acute toxicity to aquatic invertebrates.

HFC 245fa: Pentafluoropropane was tested for acute toxicity in D. magna following OECD Guidelines. Water fleas were exposed for 48 consecutive hours to a nominal limit concentration of 100 mg/l. A concurrent negative control group was included in the test. The test substance concentration was monitored at the test initiation and termination. The average measure concentration was 97.9 mg/l HFC 245fa. No immobility was observed in the control and treatment groups. A 48 -h EC50 > 100 mg/l was determined.

HFC365mfc: The acute toxicity of pentafluorobutane to Daphnia magna was tested following OECD Guidelines. Water fleas (3 replicate of 10 organisms/concentration) were exposed to 0, 100, 150, 200 mg/l pentafluorobutane for 48 hours in a closed system to avoid the test substance evaporation. The substance concentration in the samples was monitored at the test initiation and termination. A difference of less than 20% was observed among the nominal and measure concentrations.

No immobility was observed in controls. Some immobile water fleas were observed at 150 and 200 mg/l (6.7 and 13% of immobility, respectively), but the NOEC calculated by means of the Fisher's exact test was 200 mg/l. A NOEC of 100 mg/l was set for sublethal effects (water fleas were lying at the bottom of the flasks after 48 h exposure to 150 and 200 mg/l). A 48 -h EC50> 200 mg/l was determined.

HFC 134a: The 48-hour EC50 for HFC-134a in Daphnia magna under static conditions was 980 mg/l. A steep concentration/immobility curve was observed, mean measured concentrations of 870 and 1,100 mg/l causing 0 and 100% immobility respectively.

HFC 143a: 48 -hour EC50 for daphnia magna was calculated to be 300 mg/l with 95% confidence limits of 260 to 350 mg/l.under static conditions at 20 deg. C. The mean measured concentrations in the test flasks ranged from 81 to 111% of the nominal concentrations.