Hydrocarbons, C10-C13, isoalkanes, cyclics, <2% aromatics

Short-term toxicity to fish

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Reference 1

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to fish

Type of information:

read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

August - December 1996

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: This robust summary has a reliability rating of 1 because the study followed a standard guideline, followed GLP guidelines, and was conducted without deviations that would invalidate the study.

Justification for type of information:

A discussion and report on the read across strategy is given as an attachment in IUCLID Section 13

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

read-across: supporting information

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test)

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Details on sampling:

Samples for analysis of new and old test solutions were taken new at 0 hours (test initiation), new and old at 24, 48, and 72 hours, and old at 96 hours.

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

The water accommodated fractions of the test material were prepared by stirring the test material at each loading level in the exposure solution for 21 to 24.5 hours with a 1.5 to 2 hour settling period, after which each aqueous phase was removed and added to a test system. An equilibration study was conducted over a period of 72 hours prior to the definitive study to determine the approximate length of time needed to stir the test substance in the test media to acheive a saturated solution. Results suggested that a stirring period of 20 to 28 hours would be sufficient to reach equilibrium.

Test organisms (species):

Oncorhynchus mykiss (previous name: Salmo gairdneri)

Details on test organisms:

Fish were obtained from Brow Well Fisheries Ltd, Hebden, Yorkshire, UK, and acclimated to the test conditions for more than nine days before use. The seven control fish at test termination had a mean length of 4.0 cm and a mean weight of 0.53 g.

Test type:

semi-static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

96 h

Post exposure observation period:

None

Hardness:

149 to 164 mg/L CaCO3

Test temperature:

14.7 to 16.3 degrees C

pH:

7.3 to 8.2

Dissolved oxygen:

5.5 to 9.2 mg/L

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Nominal loading rates were 0.3, 1, 3, 10, 30, and 100 mg/L. A control was also included. Based on analyses of new and old test solution samples taken new at 0 hours (test initiation), new and old at 24, 48, and 72 hours, and old at 96 hours (test termination), the nominal/measured (mean) concentration values were: control/<0.01 mg/L; 0.3/0.03 mg/L; 1/0.08 mg/L; 3/0.23 mg/L; 10/0.30 mg/L; 30/0.42 mg/L; and 100/0.36 mg/L.

Details on test conditions:

The study was conducted in closed test systems that were renewed daily with fresh treatment solution. The test systems used were 1L glass bottles. One control and six treatment test systems were filled with media and sealed without a headspace. Seven fish were exposed to each of the control and treatment solutions and were not fed during the study.

Reference substance (positive control):

no

Duration:

24 h

Dose descriptor:

LL50

Effect conc.:

> 100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Duration:

24 h

Dose descriptor:

LL0

Effect conc.:

100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

LL50

Effect conc.:

> 100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

LL0

Effect conc.:

10 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

LL50

Effect conc.:

> 10 - < 30 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

LL0

Effect conc.:

1 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Key result

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LL50

Effect conc.:

> 10 - < 30 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Key result

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LL0

Effect conc.:

1 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Details on results:

Seven fish were added to the control and each treatment solution. Mortality results are as follows:

Loading Rate Mortality
(mg/L) 24 hr 48 hr 72 hr 96 hr
Control 0 0 0 1
0.3 0 0 0 0
1 0 0 0 0
3 0 0 1 1
10 0 0 1 1
30 0 3 5 7
100 0 0 1 3

Reported statistics and error estimates:

Effect levels were estimated by visual inspection of the data, which is thought to be more appropriate than interpolative statistical analysis if the data are based on water accommodated fractions of a complex test substance with low water solubility.

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

Water accommodated fractions of the test substance produced a 96-hour LL50 range of >10 to <30 mg/L and LL0 value of 1 mg/L with rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss.

Executive summary:

Water accommodated fractions of the test substance produced a 96-hour LL50 range of >10 to <30 mg/L and LL0 value of 1 mg/L with rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss.

Reference 2

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to fish

Type of information:

read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

May 1994

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: This robust summary has a reliability rating of 1 because the study followed a standard guideline, followed GLP guidelines, and was conducted without deviations that would invalidate the study.

Justification for type of information:

A discussion and report on the read across strategy is given as an attachment in IUCLID Section 13.

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

read-across: supporting information

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test)

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes

Analytical monitoring:

no

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

The water accommodated fraction of the test material was prepared by stirring the test material in the exposure solution for 22 hours after which the the aqueous phase was removed for testing.

Test organisms (species):

Oncorhynchus mykiss (previous name: Salmo gairdneri)

Details on test organisms:

Fish were obtained from Zeals Trouit Farm, Zeals, Wiltshire, UK, and acclimated to the test conditions for more than nine days before use. A sample of seven of the fish had a mean length of 4.7 cm and a mean weight of 0.95 g.

Test type:

semi-static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

yes

Total exposure duration:

96 h

Post exposure observation period:

None

Hardness:

220 to 290 mg/L CaCO3

Test temperature:

15 to 17 degrees C

pH:

7.1 to 7.4

Dissolved oxygen:

9.0 to 9.8 mg/L

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Nominal loading rate was 1000 mg/L. A control was also included.

Details on test conditions:

The study was conducted in closed test systems that were renewed daily with fresh treatment solution. The test systems used were 1L glass aspirator bottles. Seven fish were exposed to each of the control and treatment solutions and were not fed during the study.

Reference substance (positive control):

no

Duration:

24 h

Dose descriptor:

LL50

Effect conc.:

> 1 000 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Duration:

24 h

Dose descriptor:

LL0

Effect conc.:

1 000 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

LL50

Effect conc.:

> 1 000 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

LL0

Effect conc.:

1 000 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

LL50

Effect conc.:

> 1 000 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

LL0

Effect conc.:

1 000 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Key result

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LL50

Effect conc.:

> 1 000 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Key result

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LL0

Effect conc.:

1 000 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Details on results:

Seven fish were added to the control and treatment solutions. Mortality results are as follows:

Loading Rate Mortality
(mg/L) 24 hr 48 hr 72 hr 96 hr
Control 0 0 0 0
1000 0 0 0 0

Reported statistics and error estimates:

None

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

The water accommodated fraction of the test substance produced a 96-hour LL50 value of >1000 mg/L and LL0 value of 1000 mg/L with rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. No mortality was observed in either the control or treatment test systems.

Executive summary:

The water accommodated fraction of the test substance produced a 96-hour LL50 value of >1000 mg/L and LL0 value of 1000 mg/L with rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. No mortality was observed in either the control or treatment systems.

Description of key information

There is no data available for this substance. However, key and supporting data is available for the following structural analogues: Hydrocarbons, C9-C10, n-alkanes, isoalkanes, cyclics, <2% aromatics and Hydrocarbons, C10-C13, n-alkanes, isoalkanes, cyclics, <2% aromatics.The data is read across to these substances based on analogue read across and a discussion and report on the read across strategy is provided as an attachment in IUCLID Section 13.

Hydrocarbons, C9-C10, n-alkanes, isoalkanes, cyclics, <2% aromatics presented a a 96-hour LL50 range of >10 to <30 mg/L and LL0 value of 1 mg/L for Oncorhynchus mykiss (WAF).

Hydrocarbons, C10-C13, n-alkanes, isoalkanes, cyclics, <2% aromatics presented a 6-hour LL50 value of >1000 mg/L and LL0 value of 1000 mg/L for Oncorhynchus mykiss (WAF).

Hydrocarbons, C9-C10, n-alkanes, isoalkanes, cyclics, <2% aromatics presented a 96-hour LL50 value of 50.9 mg/L for Oncorhynchus mykiss (WAF).

Additional information

Two key study reports were available and input as endpoint records. The studies were scientifically reliable according to Klimish (Klimish et al., 1997) scoring (Klimish 1).

The study from Shell (1997) examined the short-term toxicity of the test substance Hydrocarbons, C9-C10, n-alkanes, isoalkanes, cyclics, <2% aromatics to Oncorhynchus mykiss. Groups of 7 fish were exposed to nominal/measured (mean) concentrations of control/<0.01 mg/L; 0.3/0.03 mg/L; 1/0.08 mg/L; 3/0.23 mg/L; 10/0.30 mg/L; 30/0.42 mg/L; and 100/0.36 mg/L (WAF) of the test substance. The fish were observed at 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours after exposure. By the 48h observation, mortality was seen at concentrations of 30mg/L. By the end of the exposure period, 1 fish in each of the 3/ 10mg/L groups, all fish in the 30mg/L group and 3 fish in the 100mg/L group had died. No mortality was seen in the 0.3 or 1mg/L groups. The test substance produced a 96-hour LL50 range of >10 to <30 mg/L and LL0 value of 1 mg/L for Oncorhynchus mykiss.

The study from Shell (1995) examined the short-term toxicity of the test substance Hydrocarbons, C10-C13, n-alkanes, isoalkanes, cyclics, <2% aromatics to Oncorhynchus mykiss. Groups of 7 fish were exposed to a Nominal loading rate of 1000 mg/L (WAF) of the test substance, as well as a control. The fish were observed at 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours after exposure. The water accommodated fraction of the test substance produced a 96-hour LL50 value of >1000 mg/L and LL0 value of 1000 mg/L for Oncorhynchus mykiss. No mortality was observed in either the control or treatment systems.