Registration Dossier
Registration Dossier
Data platform availability banner - registered substances factsheets
Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.
The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.
Diss Factsheets
Use of this information is subject to copyright laws and may require the permission of the owner of the information, as described in the ECHA Legal Notice.
EC number: 236-537-4 | CAS number: 13423-15-9
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
In Vitro
No in vitro o genetic toxicity studies/data are available for Tetrahydro-3-methylfuran (3-methyl-THF). However, the in vitro genetic toxicity of 3-methyl-THF can be adequately characterized by read-across to a closely related substance, Tetrahydrofuran (THF, CAS# 109-99-9). THF has been tested for mutagenicity in the Ames assay and in the CHO/HPRT assay and for chomosomal aberrations in Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO-W-B1). In a key study, THF was negative for mutagenicity when tested in Salmonella sp. stains TA97, TA98, TA100, TA1535 and TA1537 up to a limiting plate incorporation level of 10,000 micrograms/plate, either with or without metabolic activation. In an additional study, THF was negative when tested in Salmonella sp. strains TA100, TA1537, and TA98 when tested up to a limiting plate incorporation level of 10,000 micrograms/plate, either with or without metabolic activation. In this latter study, addition of the glutathione depletor 1,1,1 -trichloropropene (TCPO; 0.3 microlilters/plate) did not cause an increase in revertant colonies/plate. THF was negative as a mutagen when tested in the CHO/HPRT assay, either in the presence or absence of S9 activation. THF was tested for the induction of chromosomal aberrations in cultured Chinese hamster ovary cells. In this study, concentrations of tetrahydrofuran up to 5,000 micrograms/mL did not produce cytogenicity, either with or without metabolic activation. THF was also tested for the potential to cause sister chromatid exchanges in Chinese hamster ovary cells. In this study, THF was negative up to 5,000 micrograms/mL, either with or without metabolic activation.
Two published studies indicate the potential for oxidized THF to react in vitro with a modified nucleoside base, nucleoside bases and with calf thymus DNA. In a study reported by Loureiro et al. (2005), THF forms three adducts with 1,N2 -etheno-deoxyguanosine, itself formed from unsaturated aldehydes as a result of lipid peroxidation of cell membranes. The relevance of this to in vivo systems cannot be determined from this study. In a second study reported by Hermida et al. (2006), THF is shown to form adducts with individual nucleoside bases as well as with calf thymus DNA. Although the relevance of such adducts to the toxicity of tetrahydrofuran was not established in this latter study, the authors propose that such adducts may contribute to the toxicological effects of THF exposure. In both the Loureiro et al. (2005) and Hermida et al. (2006) reports, stable adducts were obtained only after reduction with sodium borohydride. Given the lack of evidence concerning the in vivo stability of such adducts, it is not possible to draw any definitive conclusions regarding the potential health effects of such adducts. Adequate in vivo genotoxicity information is available for THF suggesting that such adducts have little or no relevance to the health effects assessment for tetrahydrofuran. Based on the negative mutagenicity data for THF and the absence of reliable data to the contrary, it can be concluded 3 -methyl-THF would not be mutagenic in vitro.
In Vivo
No in vivo genetic toxicity studies/data are available for Tetrahydro-3-methylfuran (3-methyl-THF). However, the in vivo genetic toxicity of 3-methyl-THF can be adequately characterized by read-across to a closely related substance, Tetrahydrofuran (THF, CAS# 109-99-9). THF has been tested for genetic toxicity in vivo in a mouse micronucleus test; in in vivo tests in male mice measuring sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) and chromosomal aberrations (CA) in bone marrow cells; and in a sex-linked recessive lethal (SLRL) test inDrosophila melanogaster. In the mouse micronucleus test, peripheral blood was obtained from mice treated by inhalation for 6 hours/day, 5 days/week for 14 weeks at concentrations up to 5000 ppm (see Section 7.5.3). With the exception of an equivocal response in male mice, represented as an increase in the frequency of micronucleated normochromatic cells (P = 0.074), THF failed to produce a positive response. THF was negative for the induction of chromosomal aberrations or sister chromatid exchanges when tested in micein vivofollowing single intraperitoneal injections of up to 2,000 mg/kg bwt. THF produced no response in the SLRL test in Drosophila melanogaster when fed at 10,000 or 125,000 ppm or when injected at 40,000 ppm. Based on the negative mutagicity data for THF and the absence of reliable data to the contrary, it can be concluded 3-methyl-THF would not be mutagenic in vivo.
Short description of key information:
No in vitro or in vivo genetic toxicity studies/data are available for Tetrahydro-3-methylfuran (3-methyl-THF). However, the in vitro and in vivo genetic toxicity of 3-methyl-THF can be adequately characterized by read-across to a closely related substance, Tetrahydrofuran (THF, CAS# 109-99-9). The testing of THF in a series of both in vitro and in vivo genetic toxicity tests has resulted in generally negative results.
Endpoint Conclusion: No adverse effect observed (negative)
Justification for classification or non-classification
There are no genetic toxicity data on tetrahydro-3 -methylfuran (3 -methyl-THF). However, based on the absence of mutagenicity in all in vitro and in vivo tests on bacterial and mammalian cells for a close structurally related analogue, tetrahydrofuran (THF, CAS# 109 -99 -9), 3 -methyl-THF does not meet the criteria for classification as R46 (May cause heritable genetic damage) or R68 (Possible risk of irreversible effects) under the EU DSD classification criteria (EU Directive 67/548/EEC) or as a Germ Cell Mutagen (Cat. 1 or 2) under the EU CLP classification criteria (Regulation (EC) 1272/2008).
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.