Cashew (Anacardium occidentale) Nutshell Extract, Decarboxylated, Distilled, oligomerisation products with 1-chloro-2,3-epoxypropane

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

September 25 - November 7, 2012

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Details on sampling:

- Concentrations: 100 mg/L
- Sample storage conditions before analysis: no

Vehicle:

yes

Details on test solutions:

PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: The water-accommodated fractions were prepared for the test. This was done by weighing of the respective load 100.4 mg/L adding the corresponding amount of tap water and stirring on a magnetic stirrer slowly for 24 hours. The lower phase of resulting solution was used unfiltered as test solution.
- Eluate: N.a.
- Differential loading: N.a.
- Controls: Blank control
- Chemical name of vehicle: no vehicle used
- Evidence of undissolved material: No

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Daphnia magna STRAUS
- Strain: Berlin
- Source: Umweltbundesamt Berlin
- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): 0 - 24 h
- Selection of Daphnia: 23 hours before the start of the test, the adult animals were separated from the young. 22 hours later, the adults were caught with the help of a glass tube, and the newborn daphnia, aged between 0 and 22 hours, were sieved from the medium and immediately placed into a 250 mL-beaker containing dilution water. After a settling-in period of 30 minutes, animals which showed no apparent damage were used for the test.
- Method of breeding: Daphnia magna is bred in the LAUS GmbH throughout the year. The animals are kept for the use in toxicity tests. They multiply by parthenogenesis, thus being genetically identical. The husbandry is performed similar to the method described in EN ISO 6341, following SOP 115 002 01 (“Zucht und Hälterung von Daphnia magna Straus“), edition 11, adopted 15. Jan. 2013.
> Vessels: Preserving glasses, nominal volume 2 L
> Medium: M4-Medium (recipe of ELENDT)
> Food: Unicellular green algae (Desmodesmus subspicatus)
> Medium renewal: twice a week
> Photoperiod: 16/8 hours, using neon tubes
> Temperature: 20 ± 2 °C
- Feeding during test: No

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

48 h

Post exposure observation period:

Not applicable.

Test temperature:

20.8 – 21.2 °C

pH:

7.7 -8.6

Dissolved oxygen:

> 8.4 mg/L

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Nominal loadings: 100 mg/L

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: glass beakers, nominal volume 50 mL, tall shape
- Aeration: No
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 4

TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: Deionised water with an enrichment of certain minerals (as demanded by the guidelines).
* CaCI2 * 2 H2O: 293.80 mg/L
* MgSO4 * 7 H2O: 123.30 mg/L
* NaHCO3: 64.80 mg/L
* KCI: 5.80 mg/L
* NaNO3: 274 µg/L
* K2HPO4: 184 µg/L
* KH2PO4: 143 µg/L
* Na2SiO3 * 9 H2O: 10 mg/L
* H3BO3: 2.8595 mg/L
* Na2EDTA * 2 H2O: 2.5 mg/L
* FeSO4 * 7 H2O: 0.9955 mg/L
* MnCI2 * 4 H2O: 0.3605 mg/L
* LiCl: 0.306 mg/L
* SrCl2 * 6 H2O: 0.152 mg/L
* RbCl: 0.071 mg/L
* Na2MoO4 * 2 H2O: 0.0615 mg/L
* CuCl2 * 2 H2O: 16.75 µg/L
* NaBr: 16 µg/L
* ZnCl2: 13 µg/L
* CoCI2 * 6 H2O: 10 µg/L
* Kl: 3.25 µg/L
* Na2SeO3: 2.19 µg/L
* NHNO3: 0.575 µg/L
* ThiaminHCI: 75 µg/L
* Cyanocobalamin: 1 µg/L
* D+Biotin: 0.75 µg/L

OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: No (not during the exposure phase)

EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable): Immobilisation

Reference substance (positive control):

yes

Remarks:

Potassium dichromate, tested in a seperate study (GLP study no 201207R201)

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

NOELR

Effect conc.:

>= 100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

> 100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Details on results:

- Behavioural abnormalities: None
- Mortality of control: None
- Other adverse effects control: None
- Abnormal responses: None

Results with reference substance (positive control):

- Results with reference substance valid? Yes
- EC50/LC50: 1.5 mg/L

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

In a GLP study according to OECD Test Guideline 202 using Daphnia magna, the registered substance was tested with a nominal concentration of 100 mg/L. No mortatlity was observed, so that the 48h-NOELR was >= 100 mg/L and the 48-h EL50 was > 100 mg/L

Executive summary:

The acute toxicity of the test item to Daphnia magna was investigated in a study according to OECD guideline 202 A limit test using the nominal load of 100 mg/L was performed. No immobilisation was observed. Potassium dichromate K₂Cr₂O₇(CAS No. 7778-50-9) was used as positive control in a current reference study (201207R201). The value was determined as 1.5 mg/L, lying within the demanded range of 0.6 – 1.7 mg/L.

At the beginning and at the end of the test, the content of the test item in the test solutions was determined using DOC-determination. Because of the very low solubility in test medium, no calculation from content of carbon of the test item and DOC measurement was possible. The measured start concentration in the treatment was only slightly above the LOQ. At the end of the test, the concentration of DOC in the treatment and the control was in the same range. That means that in presence of the test system, the DOC was affected by the animals.

Therefore, the determination of the biological results was based on the nominal loadings.

The following results were determined for the test item CARDOLITE NC-513 (species: Daphnia magna):

48h-NOEL ≥ 100 mg/L
48h-EL50_i> 100 mg/L

Description of key information

EL₅₀(48h) for freshwater invertebrates (Daphnia): >100 mg/l  [nominal; based on mobility; OECD 202; GLP]

Additional information

In a GLP study according to OECD Test Guideline 202 using Daphnia magna, the registered substance was tested with a nominal concentration of 100 mg/L. No mortatlity was observed, so that the 48h-NOELR was >= 100 mg/L and the 48-h EL50 was > 100 mg/L