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EC number: 237-358-4 | CAS number: 13762-14-6
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Bioaccumulation: terrestrial
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
Description of key information
BCF/BAF (Co): 0.007 to 0.81 (wet weight basis) in plants
BCF/BAF (Mo): 0.2 to 4 (dry weight basis) in plants, and 0.4 to 3.4 (dry weight basis) for earthworms
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
No data for terrestrial bioaccumulation are available for cobalt molybdenum oxide. However, there are reliable data available for different structurally analogue substances and for cobalt and molybdenum measured as element in field investigations, respectively.
The environmental fate pathways and ecotoxicity effects assessments for cobalt metal and cobalt compounds as well as for the molybdenum metal and molybdenum compounds is based on the observation that adverse effects to aquatic, soil- and sediment-dwelling organisms are a consequence of exposure to the bioavailable cobalt ion and molybdenum ion, released by the parent compound. The result of this assumption is that the ecotoxicology will be similar for all soluble cobalt and molybdenum substances used in the ecotoxicity tests. Therefore, data from soluble cobalt and molybdenum substances are used for the derivation of ecotoxicological and environmental fate endpoints, based on the cobalt ion and molybdenum ion, respectively.With respect to these considerations, data collected on elemental cobalt (e.g. environmental concentrations for Co2+) and elemental molybdenum (e.g. environmental concentrations for Mo2 +) can also be taken into account.
Cobalt
In terrestrial environments, four acceptable biota-to-soil accumulation factors (BSAF-soil) values were identified for two species, Xerocomus badius (bay bolete), and Morus alba (white mulberry). Measurements for X. badius ranged from 0.007 to 0.81, with an average value of 0.15 in the cap, and 0.11 in the stalk (unitless, based on wet-weight). For M. alba, maximum BSAF-soil values of 0.28 and 0.08 were found. One soil study considered the cobalt concentration in a soil solution, thus providing bioaccumulation factors for three different plant species. These values ranged from 0.100 to 0.146, wet-weight. All values obtained from soil studies were reported using dry-weight measurements and then converted to wet-weight values. It is observed that the average BSAF-soil and BAF values of these acceptable studies are all less than one (Environment Canada, 2011).
References:
Environment Canada. Health Canada (2011). Screening Assessment for the Challenge. Cobalt, cobalt chloride, cobalt sulfate.
Molybdenum
Mo concentration ranges in environmental matrices have been compiled. The data includes concentrations of Mo in the environmental compartments, excluding geogenic enriched areas, and at moderate levels below Mo concentrations causing a toxic effect.This data suggests that Mo is not significantly concentrated from soil to plants, or soil invertebrates with bioconcentration factors (BCF) or bioaccumulation factors (BAF) of < 5, and that there is no further significant increase in concentration from diet to mammals or birds, even including organs such as kidney or liver (diet tissue concentration ratios <10 and even <1 for muscle tissue). This suggests that biomagnification of Mo, if any, is not significant in the terrestrial compartment and foodchain.
Eisler (1989) made a more exhaustive compilation of environmental concentrations of Mo. That review concluded equally that Mo concentrations in plants, mosses and wildlife tissues (liver and kidney included) are well below 10 mg/kg dry weight, excluding legumes (e.g. clover) that contain up to 28 mg/kg dry weight. Legumes –N2 fixing plants- require higher levels of Mo as the latter element is required for the proper functioning of the enzymes nitrate reductase and nitrogenase.
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