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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 234-217-9 | CAS number: 10599-90-3
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Hydrolysis
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
Description of key information
Hydrolysis of monochloramine (NH2Cl) has been studied in various conditions in several studies. Studies available were not performed according to standardized method and were not in compliance with GLP but studies were used in a weight of evidence approach.
Margerum (1978) has shown that hydrolysis of monochloramine results in the release of active chlorine in the form of HOCl in slightly basic and slightly acidic solutions which are considered as representative of environmental conditions. In these conditions, the rate constant equals 1.9E-5 s-1 which corresponds to a T1/2 of 10 hours. The study is considered reliable with restrictions. Indeed, the study is published in a peer-reviewed journal, it is considered well documented and meets generally accepted scientific principles. Thus, the T1/2 value of 10 hours was considered as the key value for hydrolysis.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Half-life for hydrolysis:
- 10 h
- at the temperature of:
- 25 °C
Additional information
Hydrolysis of monochloramine (NH2Cl) has been studied in various conditions in several studies. Studies available were not performed according to standardized method and were not in compliance with GLP. Nevertheless, studies were published in peer-reviewed journals and it is considered that they meet generally accepted scientific principles. Thus, studies were used in a weight of evidence approach.
Margerum (1978) has shown that hydrolysis of monochloramine is relatively slow by comparison with other chlorine species. Hydrolysis of monochloramine results in the release of active chlorine in the form of HOCl in slightly basic and slightly acidic solutions which are considered as representative of environmental conditions. In these conditions, the rate constant equals 1.9E-5 s-1 which corresponds to a T1/2 of 10 hours. The study is considered reliable with restrictions. Indeed, the study is published in a peer-reviewed journal, it is considered well documented and meets generally accepted scientific principles. Thus, the T1/2 value of 10 hours was considered as the key value for hydrolysis.
This constant rate is confirmed by a study of Vikesland (2001) which mentioned a previous study of Morris and Isaac (1981) and a constant rate of 7.6 x 10E-2 h-1 equivalents to a T1/2 of 9 hours, following the reaction NH2Cl + H2O -> HOCl + NH3. No further details are available regarding hydrolysis and thus the study has to be considered as not assignable for this endpoint.
Finally, Lin (1983) studied the dissipation of chlorine residuals in water under different light conditions but at a constant pH of 7.4. The rate constant obtained in first order reaction is influence by pH as well as temperature and it was shown that kinetics of monochloramine in water are different under dark conditions or light conditions (transport of chlorine residuals was found to be quite extensive under dark conditions).
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