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EC number: 231-626-4 | CAS number: 7659-86-1
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- From 15th May to 23rd June 1998
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 201 (Alga, Growth Inhibition Test)
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- Test system used was closed, no growth medium was described.
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Sampling method: 20 mL are sampled using syringe and pipette
- Sample storage conditions before analysis: no data - Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: a solution is prepared by adding 100 mg of substance in 1 L of water. This solution was agitated vigorously for 24 h. Then solution is filtered for eliminating substance in excess and obtain the saturated solution. Test solutions are then prepared using water added with NaHCO3 at 0.3 g/L and 6mM HEPES buffer.
- Differential loading: test solutions are then added with algae pre-culture (10E4 cells/mL at t0)
- Controls: Control consisted of algae culture in medium without treatment
- Evidence of undissolved material (e.g. precipitate, surface film, etc): solutions were observed to be clear at both the beginning and end of the assay. Only slight cloudy aspects were observed at the end of the assays in the two highest tested concentrations. - Test organisms (species):
- Raphidocelis subcapitata (previous names: Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, Selenastrum capricornutum)
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: green algae Pseudokirchnerella subcapitata
- Strain: CCAP 278/4
- Source (laboratory, culture collection): Culture Center of Algae and Protozoa
ACCLIMATION
- Culturing media and conditions (same as test or not): 2 recipients of 100 mL each of algae stock culture are maintained at 23 +/- 1°C in a light cycle of 16 hours light/ 8 hours dark under filtered air. Each week, 2 new cultures are issued from the preceeding cultures. 4 days prior testing, 2 pre-cultures are prepared by dilution of each stock culture and incubated in the same condition as stock culture. Only one of the two cultures is uesd for assays.
- Any deformed or abnormal cells observed: no abnormal cells were reported to have been observed. - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 72 h
- Post exposure observation period:
- no
- Hardness:
- not reported
- Test temperature:
- 23 +/- 1°C
- pH:
- Around 9 (8.81 - 9.31)
- Dissolved oxygen:
- Around 9 mg/L (8.0 - 9.2) except the measure in the non diluted saturated solution (100% volume) at the begining of the assay: pH 5.9
- Salinity:
- not reported
- Conductivity:
- not reported
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal concentrations: 0, 1.94, 4.2, 9.4, 20.6, 45.4 and 100% v/v in the absence of algae
Measured concentrations: see table 1
For statistical analysis and expression of the results, geometric mean concentrations were used. Measured concentrations falling between LOD and LOQ were replaced by LOQ/2 while measured concentrations falling below LOD were replaced by LOD, in accordance with OECD guidance n°23 on aquatic toxicity testing of difficult substances and mixtures (2000).
Geometric mean concentrations: 0 ; 0.052 ; 0.067 ; 0.5 ; 0.8 ; 7.8 ; 10.8 mg/L - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel:
- Type: closed
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: 120 ml glass bottles completely filled with test solution and stoppered with PTFE bungs and sealed with aluminum caps
- Aeration: no
- Initial cells density: 10E4 cells/mL
- Control end cells density: 2.1 x 10E5 cells/mL
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 3
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 3
GROWTH MEDIUM
- Standard medium used: no
- Detailed composition if non-standard medium was used:
Test solutions are prepared using water added with NaHCO3 at 0.3 g/L and 6mM HEPES buffer.
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: Ultrapure water sterilised by autoclave prior testing.
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: 16 hours light/ 8 hours
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
- Determination of cell concentrations: Optic Microscopy with haemacytometer
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: about 2.2
- Range finding study
- Test concentrations: from 0.1 to 100% vol
- Results were claimed to have been used to determine the conditions for the definitive study but they were not reported. - Reference substance (positive control):
- no
- Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 0.62 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- act. ingr.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- 0.42 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- act. ingr.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Details on results:
- - Exponential growth in the control (for algal test): yes
- Observation of abnormalities (for algal test): no
- Any stimulation of growth found in any treatment: the 2 lowest tested concentrations were found to have a slight stimulation effect on the growth.
- Any observations (e.g. precipitation) that might cause a difference between measured and nominal values: no
- Effect concentrations exceeding solubility of substance in test medium: no - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- No test conducted
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- Results were analysed and ECx were determined with Toxrat 3.2.1, using the provided template for the OECD 201 study. The statistical report is attached in the adequate section of the RSS.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- no
- Remarks:
- In the control group: Biomass was multiplied by a factor > 16 at the end of the test. The CV for growth rate (0-72h) was < 7%. The CV of the section-by-section growth rate was 37%, which is sligthly higher than 35%. The study was still considered valid.
- Conclusions:
- In this study, the EC10 and EC50 at 72 h were found to be 0.42 and 0.62 mg/L for growth rate inhibition.
- Executive summary:
The determination of the growth inhibition of the freshwater algae Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata exposed to 2 -ethylhexyl thioglycolate for 72 hours was performed following the method C3 described in Directive 92/69/EEC of the European Commission and in the guideline 201 of the OECD. The study was performed using 120 ml glass bottles stoppered with PTFE bungs and sealed with aluminium caps, containing 50 ml of test solution inoculated with an algal suspension so that the initial cell concentration was equal to 10 000 cells/mL. The validity criteria were all fulfilled (control cell multiplication > 16 and control CV for growth rate < 7%), except the CV for section-by-section which slightly exceeded 35% in the control group (found value was 37%). This was not considered affecting the outcome of the study which was therefore considered valid. The concentrations of test substance causing 10% and 50 % growth rate inhibition (ErC10 and ErC50) were 0.42 and 0.62 mg/L, respectively.
Reference
Nominal Concentration [% vol] |
Mean density of Algal Cells (x 10000/mL) |
Area under the curve (biomass indicator) |
Growth rate |
|||
0 h |
24 h |
48 h |
72 h |
|||
Control |
1.0 |
1.9 |
6.9 |
20.9 |
4.1 E+6 |
0.0422 |
1.94 |
1.0 |
2.5 |
9.0 |
41.0 |
7.0 E+6 |
0.0514 |
4.2 |
1.0 |
2.1 |
7.3 |
27.7 |
5.0 E+6 |
0.0461 |
9.4 |
1.0 |
1.6 |
3.5 |
12.9 |
2.2 E+6 |
0.0355 |
20.6 |
1.0 |
1.4 |
2.3 |
2.1 |
0.5 E+6 |
0.0107 |
45.4 |
1.0 |
1.6 |
8.7 |
0.9 |
0.1 E+6 |
- 0.0015 |
100 |
1.0 |
7.3 |
1.3 |
1.2 |
0.024 E+6 |
0.0025 |
Description of key information
The determination of the growth inhibition (chronic toxicity) of the freshwater algae Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata exposed to 2-ETHYLHEXYL THIOGLYCOLATE for a duration of 72 hours was performed following the method C3 described in Directive 92/69/EEC of the European Commission and in the guideline 201 of the OECD.
The study was performed using 120 ml glass bottles stoppered with PTFE bungs and sealed with aluminium caps, containing 50 ml of test solution inoculated with an algal suspension so that the initial cell concentration was equal to 1x104cells/ml.
The concentration of test substance causing a 50 % reduction in biomass (EbC50) and in growth rate (ErC50) were determined to be 0.41 and 0.91 mg/L, respectively. Respective NOEC values were both 0.5 mg/L.
The validity criteria related to the increase of cell density, in the control solution between the end and the beginning of the the test, was respected with a factor of 21 which is greater than 16.
The final concentrations of 2-ETHYLHEXYL THIOGLYCOLATE were not maintained within the designated limit of 80 % of the initial concentrations in inoculated and non inoculated flasks. Thus the validity criteria related to the stability of the test substance was not respected.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- EC50 for freshwater algae:
- 0.62 mg/L
- EC10 or NOEC for freshwater algae:
- 0.42 mg/L
Additional information
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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